en-us	X. For the first: it is alone enough to secure success, and it is for want of observing it that we continually fail.
zh-cn	X 关于第一条原则：这一原则本身就足以取得成功，而正因为没能够遵守这一原则才使得我们不断失败。

en-us	X. I could pursue this subject willingly, but I have some strange notions about it which it is perhaps wiser not loosely to set down.
zh-cn	X 我很乐意继续谈论这一话题，但是我对它却有一些奇怪的概念，不过不轻易把它们写下来也许更明智。

en-us	X. In the Lombard Romanesque, the two principles are more fused into each other, as most characteristically in the Cathedral of Pisa: length of proportion, exhibited by an arcade of twenty-one arches above, and fifteen below, at the side of the nave; bold square proportion in the front; that front divided into arcades, placed one above the other, the lowest with its pillars engaged, of seven arches, the four uppermost thrown out boldly from the receding wall, and casting deep shadows; the first, above the basement, of nineteen arches; the second of twenty-one; the third and fourth of eight each; sixty-three arches in all; all circular headed, all with cylindrical shafts, and the lowest with square panellings, set diagonally under their semicircles, an universal ornament in this style (Plate XII., fig. 7); the apse, a semicircle, with a semi-dome for its roof, and three ranges of circular arches for its exterior ornament; in the interior of the nave, a range of circular arches below a circular-arched triforium, and a vast flat surface, observe, of wall decorated with striped marble above; the whole arrangement (not a peculiar one, but characteristic of every church of the period; and, to my feeling, the most majestic; not perhaps the fairest, but the mightiest type of form which the mind of man has ever conceived) based exclusively on associations of the circle and the square.
zh-cn	X 在伦巴第的罗马式建筑中，这两种原则被更加密切地融合在一起，其中尤以比萨大教堂最为典型：在中殿的侧面，由上下分别为二十一和十五个圆拱组成的连拱廊所显示出的长度比例；在正面，显著的正方形比例；正面本身又被分隔成一座座连拱廊，一座座相互叠加，最底层的由柱子支撑，有七个圆拱，最上面的四座连拱廊则从退缩的墙壁上突出来，投下深深的阴影；第一层共有十九个圆拱，直接建立在地基之上，第二层有二十一个，第三、第四层各有八个，总共有六十三个圆拱，顶为半圆形，全都由圆柱支撑，最底层的圆拱的半圆下面装饰有方格，对角线成水平--这是这种风格的建筑中一种普遍使用的装饰（见插图十二图7）；半圆室的顶部是半个球，外面装饰有三排圆拱；在中殿内部，在由圆拱构成的三叶饰的下面有一排圆拱，一块巨大平整的墙面--请注意--上方装饰有带有条纹的大理石；整个设计（并非指某一座建筑，那个时期的每一座教堂都具有这样的特点。而且在我看来，这是人类所能想出来的最庄严、也许不是最漂亮、但是却最强大的一种形状），都完全建立在对圆和方的联想基础上。

en-us	X. Inscriptions appear sometimes to be introduced for the sake of the scroll on which they are written; and in late and modern painted glass, as well as in architecture, these scrolls are flourished and turned hither and thither as if they were ornamental.
zh-cn	X 有时候，铭文似乎专为用来书写铭文的卷轴引进的；在建筑中以及后期及现代彩绘玻璃中，这些卷轴很盛行，到处应用，好似它们具有装饰作用似的。

en-us	X. Nor is there, indeed, any present loss, in such respect, for futurity.
zh-cn	X 在这一方面，目前也没有因为将来而遭受的损失。

en-us	X. This, however, may perhaps be partly attributable to some accommodation of the accidental distortions which evidently took place in the walls of the cathedral during their building, as much as in those of the campanile.
zh-cn	X 不过造成这一切的部分原因也许是因为在大教堂的墙壁建造过程中，就像钟楼的墙壁一样，明显地发生了变形。

en-us	XI
zh-cn	Ⅺ

en-us	XI
zh-cn	Ⅻ

en-us	XI. But it will be said that all this want of organisation and form might be affirmed of drapery also, and that this latter is a noble subject of sculpture.
zh-cn	XI 然而我们却可以说这种缺乏组织和形状也会出现在衣纹中，而后者却是雕塑的一个高尚的主题。

en-us	XI. For that period, then, we must build; not, indeed, refusing to ourselves the delight of present completion, nor hesitating to follow such portions of character as may depend upon delicacy of execution to the highest perfection of which they are capable, even although we may know that in the course of years such details must perish; but taking care that for work of this kind we sacrifice no enduring quality, and that the building shall not depend for its impressiveness upon anything that is perishable.
zh-cn	XI 我们必须使得建筑那么长命；我们并不真的拒绝完成建筑时的快乐，对依靠精细的做工而达到完美的那部分特性的追求也毫不犹豫，尽管我们也许知道随着岁月的流逝，这些细节将会湮灭。我们小心谨慎，不因为这类建筑而牺牲永久特性，不让建筑的壮观依赖于易腐之物。

en-us	XI. Kuang-sheng Ssu, Huo Shan, Unusual Construction and Unusual Mural-painting
zh-cn	拾壹 霍山广胜寺，非凡的建筑与非凡的壁画

en-us	XI. The limit, however, thus determined, is an ultimate one, and it is well in all things to be cautious how we approach the utmost limit of lawfulness; so that, although the employment of metal within this limit cannot be considered as destroying the very being and nature of architecture, it will, if, extravagant and frequent, derogate from the dignity of the work, as well as (which is especially to our present point) from its honesty.
zh-cn	XI 这个如此确定的界限是不容置疑的。在一切事物当中，我们在走向合法的边缘时，最好谨慎一些，这样尽管在这个界限之内使用金属不会被看成对建筑本身及其性质造成了破坏，不过倘若过度而频繁使用，将不仅降低其诚实（这正是我们当前讨论的内容），而且会削弱其尊贵。

en-us	XI. The other condition which we had to notice, was the value of the appearance of labor upon architecture.
zh-cn	XI 我们必须注意的另一个条件是付着在建筑之上的劳动所表现出的价值。

en-us	XI. There is another very curious instance of distortion above the central door of the west front.
zh-cn	XI 在西侧中央大门的上方，还有另一例奇特的变形。

en-us	XI. Thus far, then, of general forms, and of the modes in which the scale of architecture is best to be exhibited.
zh-cn	XI 有关最能反映建筑规模的一般形式和方式的讨论就到此为止。

en-us	XII
zh-cn	Ⅻ

en-us	XII. And, in order to avoid an over use of this liberty, it would be well to consider what application may be conveniently made of the dovetailing and various adjusting of stones; for when any artifice is necessary to help the mortar, certainly this ought to come before the use of metal, for it is both safer and more honest.
zh-cn	XII 为了避免滥用这种自由，我们应该考虑如何方便地使用鸠尾榫等各种手段来使得石头与石头相衔接。当需要使用某种手段来帮助泥灰时，这种方法不仅更安全，而且也更诚实，因此肯定要优先于使用金属。

en-us	XII. Closely connected with the abuse of scrolls and bands, is that of garlands and festoons of flowers as an architectural decoration, for unnatural arrangements are just as ugly as unnatural forms; and architecture, in borrowing the objects of nature, is bound to place them, as far as may be in her power, in such associations as may befit and express their origin.
zh-cn	XII 与滥用卷轴和束带紧密相应的是滥用花环和垂花饰，把它们当作一种建筑装饰。不自然的排列就如同不自然的形状一样丑陋；建筑在借用自然物体时，应当尽量把它们设计得与其起源相吻合，能够表现其起源。

en-us	XII. Next to those of the masonry, we have to consider the divisions of the design itself.
zh-cn	XII 紧接着砖石砌成之物，我们必须考虑的是设计本身。

en-us	XII. Still, the reader will say that all these variations are probably dependent more on the bad foundation than on the architect's feeling. Not so the exquisite delicacies of change in the proportions and dimensions of the apparently symmetrical arcades of the west front.
zh-cn	XII 读者仍然会说这一切变化很可能更多地依赖于坏的基础，而不是建筑师的感情，也并不是看上去对称的西侧连拱廊的比例和大小中微妙的变化。

en-us	XII. That peculiar character, however, which separates the picturesque from the characters of subject belonging to the higher walks of art (and this is all that is necessary for our present purpose to define), may be shortly and decisively expressed. Picturesqueness, in this sense, is Parasitical Sublimity .
zh-cn	XII 不过那种把如画和属于更高层次艺术的主题特征（这是我们目前目标所要界定的一切）区别开来的特征可以简短而明确地表示出来。

en-us	XII. Visibility, however, we must remember, depends, not only on situation, but on distance; and there is no way in which work is more painfully and unwisely lost than in its over delicacy on parts distant from the eye.
zh-cn	XII 不过我们必须记住，可见性不仅取决于位置，还取决于距离；对于那些因为距离遥远而看不清的部分进行精雕细琢，这样的浪费力气最令人痛苦，也最不明智。

en-us	XIII. It is to be remembered, however, that while the ornaments in every fine ancient building, without exception so far as I am aware, are most delicate at the base, they are often in greater effective quantity on the upper parts.
zh-cn	XIII 但是我们却必须牢记：就我所知，所有精美的古典建筑的装饰在其底部都非常细腻，但是在其上部往往都经过放大，以取得更好的效果。

en-us	XIII. Lastly, before leaving the subject of structural deceits, I would remind the architect who thinks that I am unnecessarily and narrowly limiting his resources or his art, that the highest greatness and the highest wisdom are shown, the first by a noble submission to, the second by a thoughtful providence for, certain voluntarily admitted restraints.
zh-cn	VIII 最后，在离开结构欺骗这个话题之前，我想提醒那些认为我多此一举，认为我对其资源或艺术范围限制过严的建筑师：最高级的伟大和最高级的智慧首先表现在高尚地自觉遵守某种限制，其次表现在富有远见，提供这种限制。

en-us	XIII. Now I do not mean to say that Nature never uses festoons: she loves them, and uses them lavishly; and though she does so only in those places of excessive luxuriance wherein it seems to me that architectural types should seldom be sought, yet a falling tendril or pendent bough might, if managed with freedom and grace, be well introduced into luxuriant decoration (or if not, it is not their want of beauty, but of architectural fitness, which incapacitates them for such uses).
zh-cn	XIII 我的意思并不是说大自然从不使用华彩：她热爱华彩，大量使用华彩。尽管大自然只在奢华的地方使用，而这些地方在我看来，却不应当使用建筑装饰，但是下垂的卷须或枝干假如可以自由优雅地布置的话，则完全可以引入豪华的装饰中（假如不能，则不是因为它们不美，而是因为不合适，从而使它们无法在这种情况下使用）。

en-us	XIII. Of these limitations the first consequence is, that positive shade is a more necessary and more sublime thing in an architect's hands than in a painter's.
zh-cn	XIII 这些局限的首要后果就是：与在画家手中相比，积极的阴影在建筑师手中是一种更加必要、更加崇高的东西。

en-us	XIII. Thus, in the treatment of the features of the human face by Francia or Angelico, the shadows are employed only to make the contours of the features thoroughly felt; and to those features themselves the mind of the observer is exclusively directed (that is to say, to the essential characters of the thing represented).
zh-cn	XIII 因此，弗兰西亚（Francia）或安基利柯在处理人物的脸部特征时，使用阴影只是为了能让这些特征能够被完全感受到，看画人的心思全都集中在这些特征上（也就是说，集中在所表现事物的基本特征上）。

en-us	XIV. 2d. Surface Deceits.
zh-cn	XIV 第二、表面欺骗。

en-us	XIV. Again, in the management of the sculptures of the Parthenon, shadow is frequently employed as a dark field on which the forms are drawn.
zh-cn	XIV 在帕台农神庙的雕塑设计中，阴影也常常被用作黑暗区域，好在这里绘制图形。

en-us	XIV. Finally, work may be wasted by being too good for its material, or too fine to bear exposure; and this, generally a characteristic of late, especially of renaissance, work, is perhaps the worst fault of all.
zh-cn	XIV 最后，作品也许会因为材料太好而被浪费，或者因为过于纤巧而不能对外开放。后期建筑作品，尤其是文艺复兴作品，一般都有这个特点，这也许是最糟糕的缺点。

en-us	XIV. Let us next examine the plan of the west front of St. Mark's at Venice, which, though in many respects imperfect, is in its proportions, and as a piece of rich and fantastic color, as lovely a dream as ever filled human imagination.
zh-cn	XIV 接下来请让我们来看一下威尼斯的圣马可大教堂西侧墙壁的设计，尽管在很多方面不完美，但是却合乎比例，其富丽奇特的色彩似人类梦幻一般可爱。

en-us	XIV. Now I call that Living Architecture.
zh-cn	XIII 如今我把它就做活的建筑。

en-us	XIV. One of the worst enemies of modern Gothic architecture, though seemingly an unimportant feature, is an excrescence, as offensive by its poverty as the garland by its profusion, the dripstone in the shape of the handle of a chest of drawers, which is used over the square-headed windows of what we call Elizabethan buildings.
zh-cn	XIV 赘疣尽管看上去像是一个无关紧要的特征，却是现代哥特式建筑最可怕的敌人之一。就像花环以富丽而令人生厌一样，赘疣以贫乏而令人生厌，比如在我们所谓的伊丽莎白式建筑的方头窗户上，使用五斗橱把手一样的滴水石。

en-us	XIV. Painters are in the habit of speaking loosely of masses of light and shade, meaning thereby any large spaces of either.
zh-cn	XIV 画家在谈论光影块时，往往不太严密，常常是指任何一大片光或影。

en-us	XIX. Do not let us talk then of restoration.
zh-cn	XIX 那么就让我们不再谈论修复。

en-us	XIX. Far more splendid is a license taken with the niche decoration of the portal of St. Maclou at Rouen.
zh-cn	XIX 鲁昂的圣马克鲁（St. Maclou）的正门的壁龛装饰中的破格现象更加辉煌。

en-us	XIX. Hence then a general law, of singular importance in the present day, a law of simple common sense,-not to decorate things belonging to purposes of active and occupied life.
zh-cn	这条法则只不过是简单的常识，在当前却重要得令人有些奇怪。这条法则就是：凡出于积极而忙碌生活需要的事物，都不应当加以装饰。

en-us	XIX. In order to the obtaining their full effect, it is evident that much caution is necessary in the management of the glass.
zh-cn	XIX 为了获得全部效果，很显然在处理玻璃时必须十分小心。

en-us	XIX. The last form of fallacy which it will be remembered we had to deprecate, was the substitution of cast or machine work for that of the hand, generally expressible as Operative Deceit.
zh-cn	XIX 需要记住的是我们必须反对的最后一种谬误就是使用铸造或机制作品代替手工作品，一般可以称作操作欺骗。

en-us	XLI. Pure architectural decoration, then, may be considered as limited to the four kinds above specified; of which each glides almost imperceptibly into the other.
zh-cn	XLI 纯粹的建筑装饰于是就可以看作是仅仅限于上述列出的四种类型，各自平滑过渡到另一种类型。

en-us	XLII. I have an intense love for these monochrome figures, owing to their wonderful life and spirit in all the works on which I found them; nevertheless, I believe that the excessive degree of abstraction which they imply necessitates our placing them in the rank of a progressive or imperfect art, and that a perfect building should rather be composed of the highest sculpture (organic form dominant and sub-dominant), associated with pattern colors on the flat or broad surfaces.
zh-cn	XLII 由于在黑白作品中所发现的奇妙的生命和精神，我深爱着这些黑白人物；然而我认为黑白作品所隐含的过度抽象却使得我们把它们置于发展中或不完美的艺术之列，而完美的建筑则应当由最高级的雕塑构成（有机形状为主和为次），与平面或阔广的表面的色彩图案一起使用。

en-us	XLIII. In the course of this and the preceding chapters, I have now separately enumerated most of the conditions of Power and Beauty, which in the outset I stated to be the grounds of the deepest impressions with which architecture could affect the human mind; but I would ask permission to recapitulate them in order to see if there be any building which I may offer as an example of the unison, in such manner as is possible, of them all.
zh-cn	XLIII 在本章及前面各章中，我已经把力量和美的条件中的大部分列举出来，从一开始，就明确指出这些条件是建筑给人类所能留下的最深刻的印象的基础，但是我还是想请求读者允许我再提纲挈领地谈一谈这些条件，旨在看一看是否有任何建筑可以作为一个范例，尽可能把力量和美统一起来。

en-us	XV. Again, the distinction will be found to exist, not only between forms and shades as subjects of choice, but between essential and inessential forms.
zh-cn	XV 我们还会发现差异不仅存在于选择主题的形状和阴影之间，而且也在基本和非基本形状之间。

en-us	XV. Evidently, then, painting, confessedly such, is no deception: it does not assert any material whatever.
zh-cn	XV 那么很显然，这样的绘画不是欺骗；它并不宣称自己用了任何材料。

en-us	XV. No limit: it is one of the affectations of architects to speak of overcharged ornament.
zh-cn	XV 没有限制：这是建筑师在谈论过度装饰时最爱说的一句话。

en-us	XV. The entire front is composed of an upper and lower series of arches, enclosing spaces of wall decorated with mosaic, and supported on ranges of shafts of which, in the lower series of arches, there is an upper range superimposed on a lower.
zh-cn	XV 整个正面由上下两排圆拱构成，包括经过镶嵌装饰的墙壁，由系列立柱支撑，而在底层圆拱中，上排立柱被安置在下排立柱之上。

en-us	XV. Thus far of what is not ornament.
zh-cn	XV 关于什么不是装饰，我们就谈到这里。

en-us	XV. We shall shortly consider the actual modes in which these two kinds of mass have been treated.
zh-cn	XV 我们将对两种块的实际处理方式稍作研究。

en-us	XVI. I have endeavored to give some idea of one of the hollow balls of stone which, surrounded by flowing leafage, occur in varied succession on the architrave of the central gate of St. Mark's at Venice, in Plate I. fig. 2.
zh-cn	XVI 我已经想方设法让读者大致了解一个空心石球，这种石球周围环绕着流动的叶形饰，如插图一图3所示，出现在威尼斯的圣马可大教堂的中央大门的下楣中，形成形形色色的系列。

en-us	XVI. It might have been thought that, by this plan, enough variety had been secured, but the builder was not satisfied even thus: for-and this is the point bearing on the present part of our subject-always calling the central arch a, and the lateral ones b and c in succession, the northern b and c are considerably wider than the southern b and c, but the southern d is as much wider than the northern d, and lower beneath its cornice besides; and, more than this, I hardly believe that one of the effectively symmetrical members of the fa?
zh-cn	XVI 有人可能会认为通过这种设计，就可以获得足够多的变化，但是建筑师对此却并不满足，因为--这一点和我们目前的话题有关--尽管总把中央的拱称作a，边上的依次称作b和c，尽管北侧的b和c比南侧的b和c大得多，但是南侧的d却比北侧的大得多，而且低于其飞檐。不仅如此，我既很难相信正面墙上的看上去对称的装饰的某个部分真的会和别的对称：我很遗憾说不出其具体尺寸。

en-us	XVI. Now, to return to our immediate subject, it so happens that, in architecture, the superinduced and accidental beauty is most commonly inconsistent with the preservation of original character, and the picturesque is therefore sought in ruin, and supposed to consist in decay.
zh-cn	XVI 现在让我们再回到我们最直接的主题，会发现在建筑中，附加的和偶然的美丽常常与保持原有特征相抵触，所以如画的特征需在废墟中寻找，通常认为是由腐败构成。

en-us	XVI. Touching the false representation of material, the question is infinitely more simple, and the law more sweeping; all such imitations are utterly base and inadmissible.
zh-cn	XVI 谈到材料欺骗，问题就简单多了，法则则更加不可抗拒；一切模仿都极其卑鄙，绝对不能允许。

en-us	XVI. What is the place of ornament?
zh-cn	XVI 什么是建筑装饰的恰当位置？

en-us	XVII. I cannot here enter into the curious questions connected with the management of larger curved surfaces; into the causes of the difference in proportion necessary to be observed between round and square towers; nor into the reasons why a column or ball may be richly ornamented, while surface decorations would be inexpedient on masses like the Castle of St. Angelo, the tomb of Cecilia Metella, or the dome of St. Peter's.
zh-cn	XVII 此处我无法讨论如何操纵更大的弧面问题，无法探讨造成圆塔与方塔不容忽视的比例差异的原因，也不能探索为什么圆柱或球可以装饰华丽而表面装饰在像圣安杰洛（St. Angelo）城堡、塞西莉亚·梅戴拉（Cecilia Metella）的陵墓或圣彼得大教堂的穹顶却不合时宜的原因。

en-us	XVII. It is not my purpose to enter into any of the questions which the application of this principle involves.
zh-cn	XVII 讨论这一原则应用时所涉及的问题不是我的目的。

en-us	XVII. Now let us consider for an instant what would be the effect of continually repeating an expression of a beautiful thought to any other of the senses at times when the mind could not address that sense to the understanding of it.
zh-cn	XVII 现在让我们稍稍考虑一下，当大脑无法处理某种感觉以至于不能够理解时，将某一种美丽的思想向这种感觉不断重复，将会有什么样的后果。

en-us	XVII. Painting, however, is not the only mode in which material may be concealed, or rather simulated; for merely to conceal is, as we have seen, no wrong.
zh-cn	XVII 然而绘画并不是掩藏或模拟材料的唯一方式；就像我们已经发现的那样，仅仅掩藏并不是错误。

en-us	XVII. Perhaps, however, a stranger instance than any I have yet given, of the daring variation of pretended symmetry, is found in the front of the Cathedral of Bayeux.
zh-cn	XVII 在贝叶大教堂的正面，我们也许可以找到比我之前所提供的更为奇怪的例子，来说明虚假对称中的大胆变化。

en-us	XVIII. Apply this to expressions of thought received by the eye.
zh-cn	XVIII 把这一点应用到眼睛所接受的思想表达方式上。

en-us	XVIII. I imagine I have given instances enough, though I could multiply them indefinitely, to prove that these variations are not mere blunders, nor carelessnesses, but the result of a fixed scorn, if not dislike, of accuracy in measurements; and, in most cases, I believe, of a determined resolution to work out an effective symmetry by variations as subtle as those of Nature.
zh-cn	XVIII 尽管为了说明这些变化不是出于错误，也不是出于粗心，而是对精确尺寸的蔑视--倘若不能说是讨厌的话，我可以提供无数的例子，但是我认为自己提供的已经足够多了；在大多数情况下，这些变化都是为了像大自然一样，给对称带来精巧的变化。

en-us	XVIII. It does not belong to my present plan to consider at length the second head of duty of which I have above spoken; the preservation of the architecture we possess: but a few words may be forgiven, as especially necessary in modern times.
zh-cn	XVIII 有关我在前文中讨论过的义务的第二方面，也就是如何保护我们所拥有的建筑问题，我目前没打算进行详细讨论，不过稍稍说几句还是可以的，尤其是在近代，更有必要。

en-us	XVIII. It is well known, that what is meant by a church's being built of marble is, in nearly all cases, only that a veneering of marble has been fastened on the rough brick wall, built with certain projections to receive it; and that what appear to be massy stones, are nothing more than external slabs.
zh-cn	XVIII 众所周知，用大理石砌成的教堂几乎无一例外，只是在砖墙上进行大理石贴面，在砌墙时要留有一些突起好进行贴面，而那些看上去硕大无比的石块其实只是外层石板。

en-us	XVIII. We have noted above how the wall surface, composed of rich materials, and covered with costly work, in modes which we shall examine in the next Chapter, became a subject of peculiar interest to the Christian architects.
zh-cn	XVIII 我们在前文已经注意到由贵重材料砌成、表面覆盖上值钱的装饰的墙面通过下一章将要讨论的方式，已经成为基督教建筑师特别感兴趣的主题。其宽阔扁平的光线只有通过充满活力的阴影点或块才能获得价值，而这种阴影点或块罗马建筑师只有通过系列连拱廊才能获得。

en-us	XX. But it will be said that much of the best wooden decoration of the middle ages was in shop fronts.
zh-cn	XX 不过有人会说中世纪最优秀的木质装饰有很多都表现在商店的正面墙面中。

en-us	XX. I have, however, given enough instances of vitality shown in mere daring, whether wise, as surely in this last instance, or inexpedient; but, as a single example of the Vitality of Assimilation, the faculty which turns to its purposes all material that is submitted to it, I would refer the reader to the extraordinary columns of the arcade on the south side of the Cathedral of Ferrara.
zh-cn	XX 在上面这个例子中，表现活力的方式毫无疑问是聪明的，但是不管是聪明还是作为权宜之计，仅仅通过大胆所表现的活力我已经提供了足够的例子。然而作为同化活力的一个例子，以及一个关于那种将手中一切材料用于实现自己目的的能力的例子，我想请读者考虑佛莱拉（Ferrara）大教堂南侧的连拱廊的奇特廊柱。

en-us	XX. Of more wanton or ignorant ravage it is vain to speak; my words will not reach those who commit them, and yet, be it heard or not, I must not leave the truth unstated, that it is again no question of expediency or feeling whether we shall preserve the buildings of past times or not.
zh-cn	XX 至于更蛮横或更无知的劫掠，说了也白说；我的话传不到这么做的人的耳朵中，然而不管听到与否，真理该说的还要说，那就是我们是否应当保留过去的建筑又一次不成为一个是否得当或者感情的问题。

en-us	XX. The method of decoration by shadow was, as far as we have hitherto traced it, common to the northern and southern Gothic.
zh-cn	XX 利用阴影进行装饰的方法就像我们前面探索过的那样，在南北哥特式建筑中都很常见。

en-us	XX. Thus in the use of brick; since that is known to be originally moulded, there is no reason why it should not be moulded into diverse forms.
zh-cn	XX 因此在砖的使用过程中，既然人们晓得砖可以具有独创的形状，就没有理由不把砖制成各种形状。

en-us	XXI.
zh-cn	XXI 我首先必须提及威利斯（Willis）教授对窗花格起源的叙述，见其著作《中世纪建筑》第六章。

en-us	XXI. Another of the strange and evil tendencies of the present day is to the decoration of the railroad station.
zh-cn	XXI 目前，另一种奇怪而邪恶的趋势表现在火车站的装饰当中。

en-us	XXI. I have dwelt, however, perhaps, too long upon that form of vitality which is known almost as much by its errors as by its atonements for them.
zh-cn	XXI 生命力的错误几乎和纠正错误一样闻名，我对它也许谈得太多了。

en-us	XXII. It is evident that, for architectural appliances, such masculine handling, likely as it must be to retain its effectiveness when higher finish would be injured by time, must always be the most expedient; and as it is impossible, even were it desirable that the highest finish should be given to the quantity of work which covers a large building, it will be understood how precious the intelligence must become, which renders incompletion itself a means of additional expression; and how great must be the difference, when the touches are rude and few, between those of a careless and those of a regardful mind.
zh-cn	XXII 显然，对于建筑应用而言，这种阳刚的处理方法在更高级的终饰因年久而受损时，必须保持其效果，因此必然总是最合适的；在整个建筑的表面使用最高级的终饰以提高质量即使很需要，但是由于不可能做到，因此必须明白在智力使得不完整本身变成的额外的表现方式时，智力变得有多么重要，而且必须明白当用刀少而粗野时，粗心之作和精心之作之间有多大差别。

en-us	XXII. It is not however only in these marked situations that the abuse of which I speak takes place.
zh-cn	XXII 我前面说过的滥用装饰不仅仅出现在这些著名的情况下。

en-us	XXII. Now, it will be noticed that, during the whole of this process, the attention is kept fixed on the forms of the penetrations, that is to say, of the lights as seen from the interior, not of the intermediate stone.
zh-cn	XXII 如今人们将会注意到，在这一过程的整个过程中，注意力都集中于刺孔的形状上，也就是说从内部所看到的光线的形状，而不是中间的石头的形状。

en-us	XXIII. Each of the angles, it was said, is filled by an animal.
zh-cn	XXIII 据说，每一只角里面都有一只动物。

en-us	XXIII. It is interesting to follow into its many ramifications, the influence of the corrupting principle; but we have seen enough of it to enable us to draw our practical conclusion-a conclusion a thousand times felt and reiterated in the experience and advice of every practised artist, but never often enough repeated, never profoundly enough felt.
zh-cn	XXIII 穷究这条腐败的原则的结果很有趣，但是我们见到的已经足够多，使我们能够从实践中得出结论--每一个艺术家在实践和忠告中已经感受和重复了一千遍的一个结论，但是重复的次数却还不够多，感受也不够深。

en-us	XXIII. Must not beauty, then, it will be asked, be sought for in the forms which we associate with our every-day life?
zh-cn	XXIII 然后有人要问：难道美不应当在和我们的日常生活息息相关的形式中寻找吗？

en-us	XXIII. The change of which I speak, is inexpressible in few words, but one more important, more radically influential, could not be.
zh-cn	XXIII 我所说的变化只需要几个字就可以表达，但是一个更重要、影响更大的变化却不能。

en-us	XXIV. I am grieved to have to insist upon what seems so simple; it looks trite and commonplace when it is written, but pardon me this: for it is anything but an accepted or understood principle in practice, and the less excusably forgotten, because it is, of all the great and true laws of art, the easiest to obey.
zh-cn	XXIV 我很难过，不得不一再坚持看上去如此简单的东西：一旦被写下来，这种东西就会看上却很陈腐，很平庸，但是请原谅我这么做，这是因为它是建筑实践中某种被普遍接受或明白的东西，倘若被忘记，就不太容易被原谅，因为在一切伟大而真实的艺术法则中，它最容易遵守。

en-us	XXIV. II. Thus far, then, of the place for beauty.
zh-cn	XXIV 有关美的位置就谈到这里。

en-us	XXIV. The reader will observe that, up to the last expansion of the penetrations, the stone-work was necessarily considered, as it actually is, stiff, and unyielding.
zh-cn	XXIV 读者将会注意到，直到刺孔最后一次扩张之前，石制窗花必须被看作是坚硬不可弯曲的，而事实也是如此。

en-us	XXIX. One more principle of Proportion I have to name, equally simple, equally neglected.
zh-cn	XXIX 还有一个比例原则同样简单，同样被忽视，但是我却不得不提。

en-us	XXV. But the declining and morbid taste of the later architects, was not satisfied with thus much deception.
zh-cn	XXV 后期建筑师衰微而病态的品位对如此欺骗并不感到满足。

en-us	XXVI. In the drawing of the shafts of the door at Lisieux, under the spandril, in Plate VII., the reader will see the mode of managing the intersection of similar mouldings, which was universal in the great periods.
zh-cn	XXVI 在插图七中，在那幅有关里齐约大教堂三角壁之下的门柱的图画中，读者将会看到相似形状相交的方式，这种方式在伟大时期非常普遍。

en-us	XXVI. Of which the first is, that wherever Proportion exists at all, one member of the composition must be either larger than, or in some way supreme over, the rest.
zh-cn	XXVI 在这些原则中，首先一条就是：凡是存在比例的地方，某一个要素必须大于其它要素或者在某种形式上凌驾于其它要素之上。

en-us	XXVII. The very awkwardness with which such occurrences of difficulty are met by the earlier builder, marks his dislike of the system, and unwillingness to attract the eye to such arrangements.
zh-cn	XXVII 早期建筑者在遇到这类困难时所表现出的笨拙表示他不喜欢这个体系，不愿意用这样的设计来引人注目。

en-us	XXVII. This rule of supremacy applies to the smallest as well as to the leading features: it is interestingly seen in the arrangement of all good mouldings.
zh-cn	XXVII 这一优势原则不仅适用于主要特征，也适用于最渺小的特征：它在一切优秀的建筑布局中都能发现，非常有趣。

en-us	XXVIII. It is of course impossible to enter into details of instances belonging to so intricate division of our subject, in the compass of a general essay.
zh-cn	XXVIII 毫无疑问，在一篇泛泛而谈的论文中，不可能对一个非常复杂的话题的具体例子进行详细讨论。

en-us	XXVIII. There was, however, in this kind of involution, much to be admired as well as reprehended, the proportions of quantities were always as beautiful as they were intricate; and, though the lines of intersection were harsh, they were exquisitely opposed to the flower-work of the interposing mouldings.
zh-cn	XXVIII 在这种内旋结构中，既有很多值得谴责的，也有很多值得欣赏的；量的比例总是既复杂，又美丽；尽管相交线粗糙，但是却和插入线条的花样形状形成令人赏心悦目的对比。

en-us	XXX. The other condition of architectural treatment which we proposed to notice was the abstraction of imitated form.
zh-cn	XXX 我们建议要加以注意的建筑处理的另一条件就是被模仿形状的抽象化。

en-us	XXXI. I have said that all art is abstract in its beginnings; that is to say, it expresses only a small number of the qualities of the thing represented.
zh-cn	XXXI 我已经说过一切艺术起初都是抽象的，换句话说，它只表现了所表达的事物的少数特征。

en-us	XXXII. Happily his opinion is frankly expressed.
zh-cn	XXXII 令人高兴的是，他的观点被如实表达了出来。

en-us	XXXIII. Nearness to the eye, however, is not the only circumstance which influences architectural abstraction.
zh-cn	XXXIII 不过接近人眼并不是影响建筑中抽象手法使用的唯一因素。

en-us	XXXIV. Under these limitations, then, I think that perfect sculpture may be made a part of the severest architecture; but this perfection was said in the outset to be dangerous.
zh-cn	XXXIV 在这样的限制之下，我想完美的雕塑可以成为最严肃的建筑的一部分，但是我们一开始就说过，这种完美是危险的。

en-us	XXXIX. I conclude, then, that all arrangements of color, for its own sake, in graceful forms, are barbarous; and that, to paint a color pattern with the lovely lines of a Greek leaf moulding, is an utterly savage procedure.
zh-cn	XXXIX 于是我得出结论：凡是为了色彩本身的缘故而使用优美的形状，这种设计都是野蛮的；把颜色图案绘制成希腊叶形饰的可爱线条是一个完全野蛮的过程。

en-us	XXXV. III. Our final inquiry was to be into the use of color as associated with architectural ornament.
zh-cn	XXXV 我们最后将探讨与建筑装饰有关的色彩的使用。

en-us	XXXVI. First, then, I think that in making this reference we are to consider our building as a kind of organized creature; in coloring which we must look to the single and separately organized creatures of Nature, not to her landscape combinations.
zh-cn	XXXVI 首先，我想我们在提到这件事时，应当把建筑看成是一种有机物；在着色时，我们必须向大自然中的独立的有机体学习，而不是向风景组合学习。

en-us	XXXVII. Independence then being first secured, what kind of limiting outlines shall we adopt for the system of color itself?
zh-cn	XXXVII 在如此获得独立之后，我们将为色彩系统本身选择何种限制轮廓线呢？

en-us	XXXVIII. Now, why it should be that color is best seen under these circumstances I will not here endeavor to determine; nor whether the lesson we are to learn from it be that it is God's will that all manner of delights should never be combined in one thing.
zh-cn	XXXVIII 色彩为什么在这些情况下视觉效果最佳，我在此处不打算弄清，也不打算弄清我们从中汲取的教训是否是上帝的意愿，也就是永远也不要把所有愉悦的方法集中于一身。

en-us	Xi'an is famous not only for its food culture but also for its folk art. For hundreds of years, the land of Xi'an has provided fertile soil to different types of folk art such as Qinqiang opera and the farmers' painting of Hu county.
zh-cn	西安不仅是一座饮食文化名城，其民间艺术也令人叹为观止。在这块有着久远历史文明的土地上，秦腔、户县农民画等民间艺术得到了充分的滋养，显得格外富有生命力。

en-us	Xi'an was chosen to be the capital in the Zhou, Qin, Han, Tang and other dynasties for good reasons: far as they are from the city proper, the grand and lofty Qinling Ridge to the south and Nanyuan Ridge to the north are a natural defense for the city; rivers that run by or run through means abundant water resources and convenient waterway transportation; and the Guanzhong Plain, the vital passage to China's southwest and northeast that was difficult to access then, is a place of strategic importance.
zh-cn	西安城的南面是中国著名的秦岭山脉，北面是陕北高原的南缘山脉，虽然都距离西安城较远，但山体高大耸立，成为西安城的天然屏障。西安附近河流众多，为城市的发展提供了丰富的水源和便利的水路交通。

en-us	Xian University of Architecture and Technology
zh-cn	西安建筑科技大学

en-us	Xianfeng did enjoy the magnificent garden life. The Yuanming Yuan in its twilight remained a beautiful and delightful royal demesne.
zh-cn	咸丰毕竟享受到了豪华的宫苑生活，圆明园虽到了衰落时期，还是维持着一个美丽而愉悦的皇家花园的风貌。

en-us	Xianfeng did take several positive steps, such as to rehabilitate the able minister Lin Zexu (1785-1850), whom Daoguang had unjustly dismissed, and to entrust regional leaders, such as Zeng Guofan (1811-1872), Yuan Jiasan (1806-1863), and Shengbao (1798-1863), to deal with the rebellious situation (Qingshigao 1976, 4:711-736). He was no doubt weary from many late nights in his Yuanming Yuan office.
zh-cn	咸丰的确采取了几项积极的措施，包括重新起用在道光年间被无理撤职的干臣林则徐（1785-1850），并令地方大员曾国藩（1811-1872）、袁甲三（1806-1863）和胜保（1798-1863）去平定太平军。

en-us	Xianfeng did take several positive steps, such as to rehabilitate the able minister Lin Zexu (1785–1850), whom Daoguang had unjustly dismissed, and to entrust regional leaders, such as Zeng Guofan (1811–1872), Yuan Jiasan (1806–1863), and Shengbao (1798–1863), to deal with the rebellious situation (Qingshigao 1976, 4:711–736). He was no doubt weary from many late nights in his Yuanming Yuan office.
zh-cn	咸丰的确采取了几项积极的措施，包括重新起用在道光年间被无理撤职的干臣林则徐（1785—1850），并令地方大员曾国藩（1811—1872）、袁甲三（1806—1863）和胜保（1798—1863）去平定太平军。

en-us	Xianfeng died in Rehe, and mother and son returned to Beijing only to see the burnt out Yuanming Yuan.
zh-cn	咸丰在热河驾崩之后，这对母子返回北京，唯一能看到的，仅仅是被烧毁后的圆明园。

en-us	Xianfeng fled with a large entourage, including family members, Manchu noblemen, officials, and eunuchs. They left the Yuanming Yuan through the East Gate of the Eternal Spring Garden in haste; hence neither kitchen nor tents were brought.
zh-cn	咸丰带领皇族成员、满洲贵族、官员和太监等大批侍从逃难，他们匆忙从长春园的东门离开圆明园，因而未带上厨具或帐篷。

en-us	Xianfeng's courageous admission of his misbehavior and willingness to take responsibility may suggest that he had a conscience after all.
zh-cn	咸丰勇于承认自己失当的行为并愿意负起责任，可见他还是有道德感的。

en-us	Xianfeng's dilemma was crystal clear.
zh-cn	咸丰进退两难的困境昭然若揭。

en-us	Xianfeng's melancholy was well conveyed by a poem composed by the gifted late Qing scholar Yang Yunshi (1875-1941):
zh-cn	咸丰的感伤可以从晚清才华横溢的文人杨云史（1875-1941）的诗句中表达出来：

en-us	Xianfeng’s courageous admission of his misbehavior and willingness to take responsibility may suggest that he had a conscience after all.
zh-cn	咸丰勇于承认自己失当的行为并愿意负起责任，可见他还是有道德感的。

en-us	Xianfeng’s dilemma was crystal clear.
zh-cn	咸丰进退两难的困境昭然若揭。

en-us	Xianfeng’s melancholy was well conveyed by a poem composed by the gifted late Qing scholar Yang Yunshi (1875–1941):
zh-cn	咸丰的感伤可以从晚清才华横溢的文人杨云史（1875—1941）的诗句中表达出来：

en-us	Xiang Wheel is large at its bottom and small on its top.
zh-cn	相轮底大上小，

en-us	Xiang Wheel looks like a round cylindrical cone, formed by 13 layers of circles with reduced sizes in diameter and therefore also called "Thirteen Days".
zh-cn	相轮为圆锥体，由13个直径逐渐缩小的水平轮圈组成，故而又叫做“十三天”，给人高耸的感觉。

en-us	Xiangguo Temple
zh-cn	●开封铁塔

en-us	Xiaoshan's Collection of Lyric Poems
zh-cn	小山词

en-us	Xiaotun and Huayuan Villages on the south bank of Huanshui River used to be where the royal palaces were and is the center of Yin ruins.
zh-cn	位于洹水南岸的小屯和花园庄一带是宫殿区，为殷墟的中心区，这一带地势较高，地形平坦开阔，两面临河。

en-us	Xiaoyan Pagoda in Xi'an
zh-cn	西安小雁塔

en-us	Xie Rongsheng
zh-cn	谢溶生

en-us	Xihuamen Bridge
zh-cn	西华门桥

en-us	Xiling Seal Engravers Society
zh-cn	西泠印社

en-us	Xing Bridge
zh-cn	荇桥

en-us	Xing Shi Miao says: "People look up, so it is called Xiang."
zh-cn	《行事妙》云：“人仰视之，故云相。”

en-us	Xizhao Pavillion is where Emperor Kangxi wrote for the tablet of the pavilion. Located to the northeast of Leifeng Pagoda, Qinyuan Pavilion is a place for rest and tea.
zh-cn	妙音台是聆听净慈寺大梵钟声的最佳场所；夕照亭是康熙当年题额的御书亭和御碑亭所在的地方；亲缘阁，位于新塔的东北角，是游人休息、品茶的好地方。

en-us	Xu Hongzu
zh-cn	徐弘祖

en-us	Xu Mian
zh-cn	徐勉

en-us	Xu Taishi
zh-cn	徐泰时

en-us	Xu Xiaomu
zh-cn	徐孝穆

en-us	Xu Xingjian
zh-cn	徐行健

en-us	Xu Zhanzhi
zh-cn	徐湛之

en-us	Xu Zongyan
zh-cn	许宗彦

en-us	Xu's Garden
zh-cn	徐园

en-us	Xuanwu Lake
zh-cn	玄武湖

en-us	Xumi Lingjing Pagoda's Gate in the Summer Palace
zh-cn	颐和园须弥灵境塔门

en-us	Xumi Lingjing Shichuang Pagoda in the Summer Palace
zh-cn	颐和园须弥灵境石幢塔

en-us	Xumi Seat is 5 meters high,
zh-cn	须弥座高5米，

en-us	Xunzi
zh-cn	荀子

en-us	Y:Cube is a microflat for move-on accommodation from YMCA hostels.
zh-cn	Y立方体"是一个微型公寓，为原本住在基督教青年会旅馆中的人提供改善性住所。

en-us	YANGZHOU GARDENS AND DWELLINGS
zh-cn	扬州园林与住宅

en-us	YMCA London South West was the first client to adopt this technology.
zh-cn	伦敦西南基督教青年会是第一个采用该技术的客户。"

en-us	YMYA 1991, 1:576-578, 583-585, 587-596). These items, however, represented no more than a drop in the bucket and had no great value.
zh-cn	然而，这些小件物品只不过是沧海一粟，也没有多大的价值。

en-us	YMYA 1991, 1:576–578, 583–585, 587–596). These items, however, represented no more than a drop in the bucket and had no great value.
zh-cn	然而，这些小件物品只不过是沧海一粟，也没有多大的价值。

en-us	YMYA 1991, 2:1000-1001). Reportedly, these rents could pay for repairs in the garden at least during the eighteenth century, when the finances of the Yuanming Yuan were sound.
zh-cn	据说，这些地租至少在18世纪期间可以支付园内的维修之需--其时圆明园的财政状况是良好的。

en-us	YMYA 1991, 2:1000–1001). Reportedly, these rents could pay for repairs in the garden at least during the eighteenth century, when the finances of the Yuanming Yuan were sound.
zh-cn	据说，这些地租至少在18世纪期间可以支付园内的维修之需——其时圆明园的财政状况是良好的。

en-us	YMYA 1991, 2:827-911; Yu Minzhong 1985, 1:178-179). This was not significantly different from the year of 1752, during which Qianlong spent 175 days in the garden (Wan Yi, Wang Shuqing, Liu Lu 1990, 296).
zh-cn	这与1752年的情况没有重大差别，这一年皇帝大约有175天留在圆明园里。

en-us	YMYA 1991, 2:827–911; Yu Minzhong 1985, 1:178–179). This was not significantly different from the year of 1752, during which Qianlong spent 175 days in the garden (Wan Yi, Wang Shuqing, Liu Lu 1990, 296).
zh-cn	这与1752年的情况没有重大差别，这一年皇帝大约有175天留在圆明园里。

en-us	YMYZ 1984, 127-128; Walrond 1872, 360). Some wealthy merchants in Beijing also tried to stop the advancing enemies by presenting them with cows and sheep as gifts but to no avail (Weng Tonghe 1970, 1:193).
zh-cn	虽然北京城内有部分富商尝试向联军献上牛羊作为礼物，以冀敌人不再前进，但却没有半点帮助。

en-us	YMYZ 1984, 127–128; Walrond 1872, 360). Some wealthy merchants in Beijing also tried to stop the advancing enemies by presenting them with cows and sheep as gifts but to no avail (Weng Tonghe 1970, 1:193).
zh-cn	虽然北京城内有部分富商尝试向联军献上牛羊作为礼物，以冀敌人不再前进，但却没有半点帮助。

en-us	YMYZ 1984, 139; YMYJ 1981, 1:209). It seems that the Qing authorities had already bowed to the harsh reality of defeat when Beijing was surrendered.
zh-cn	看来在北京城投降时，清廷已经屈服于战败的残酷现实。

en-us	YVAN GOLL, Tombeau du père, in Poètes d'aujourd'hui 1950 (Ed. Séghers, p.
zh-cn	伊凡o戈尔（Yvan Goll："父亲的坟"，《今天的诗》，50，Seghers出版社，第156页。

en-us	Yahe River entered Liangxiang by Nangong Village from Hexi Village.
zh-cn	“雅河自河西村经南宫村入良乡界”。

en-us	Yale looked close enough to New York, offered a Louis Kahn building even if Kahn himself had moved on, and was on the sea.
zh-cn	耶鲁大学离纽约很近，拥有一座建在海边的路易斯·康设计的建筑，即使康已经离职了。

en-us	Yale opened the door to new influences, both inside and outside the hothouse atmosphere of the Arts Building, temporary home of the architecture school.
zh-cn	耶鲁大学开启了新思潮的大门，无论在充满温室气氛的耶鲁大学美术馆--这是建筑学院的临时住所--的内部还是外部。

en-us	Yamasaki idealistically declared: 'World trade means world peace… The World Trade Center is a living symbol of man's dedication to world peace.'
zh-cn	山崎实理想化地认为：“世界贸易意味着世界和平……世界贸易中心是人类致力于世界和平的鲜活标志。”

en-us	Yan Jidao
zh-cn	晏几道

en-us	Yan Shu
zh-cn	晏殊

en-us	Yan's Garden
zh-cn	严家花园

en-us	Yanchi Deck at both ends of the bridge has an oblique length of 28.2 meters, the bridge abutment is 3.2 meters wide at the bottom,
zh-cn	而桥两端的雁翅桥面斜长28.2米，桥境下宽3.2米，

en-us	Yang Lian (lotus) is the dividing line between pagoda's base and belly in the Yuan and the Ming Dynasties.
zh-cn	元明两代采用仰莲作为塔基和塔肚的分界，

en-us	Yang Naiji 1986, 36). Had he lived still longer, he could have depleted the surplus.
zh-cn	如果乾隆活得更长的话，他可能会耗掉园里所有的盈余。

en-us	Yang Zhaolu
zh-cn	杨兆鲁

en-us	Yang told all this to his son in his son's dream.
zh-cn	杨继业托梦给其子杨六郎，

en-us	Yang's Tiny Nook
zh-cn	杨氏小筑

en-us	Yanguang Gate of the White Pagoda in Beihai Park
zh-cn	北海永安寺白塔眼光门

en-us	Yangzhou is located in a plain between the Yangtze and the Huaihe River.
zh-cn	扬州属江淮平原，附近无山。

en-us	Yangzhou puts its name on the map with its famed gardens, and famed gardens make a name for themselves with piled-up rocks. The Yu's Garden of Ten Thousand Rocks crafted by Daoji remains a scenic attraction to this day.
zh-cn	兼工垒石，扬州以名园胜，名园以垒石胜，余氏万石园出道济手，至今称胜迹。”

en-us	Yangzhou sits opposite Zhenjiang from the northern bank of the Yangtze, with the Shugang Hillock to the north, the Dirt-Sweeping Mountain (known originally as Dogs-in-Heat Mountain) to the west, and the Grand Canal to the east. Its terrain is rather flat, with its northwest slightly higher than its southeast.
zh-cn	扬州位于长江下游北岸，与镇江隔江对峙，南濒大江，北负蜀冈，西有扫垢山，东沿运河，就地势而论，较为平坦，西北略高而东南稍低。

en-us	Yangzhou's artistic potted plants and miniature landscapes differ from those of Suzhou and Hangzhou in that they are exceptionally sturdy, dynamic and resistant to wind and frost.
zh-cn	扬州盆景刚劲坚挺，能耐风霜，与苏杭不同。

en-us	Yangzhou's classical dwellings are adapted with a fair degree of flexibility to the direction of the street or lane in which they are located, and their interiors are labyrinthine and replete with changes.
zh-cn	住宅是按街巷的朝向布置，在处理上大体符合“因地制宜”的要求，较为灵活，而内部尤曲折多变。

en-us	Yangzhou's flowering trees include osmanthus, crabapple, yulan magnolia, camellia, pomegranate, wisteria, plum, wintersweet, flowering peach, banksia rose, rose bush, China rose, and azalea.
zh-cn	花树有桂、海棠、玉兰、山茶、石榴、紫藤、梅、腊梅、碧桃、木香、蔷薇、月季、杜鹃等。

en-us	Yangzhou's gardens and former mansions were concentrated in city proper, whereas its largest buildings were mostly in the New City.
zh-cn	当时扬州园林与住宅的分布，比较集中在城区，而最大的建筑又多在新城部分。

en-us	Yangzhou's huge fleets of salt-shipping boats enabled local gentries and merchants to ship in more varieties of stones for artificial mountains than Suzhou from as near as Zhenjiang, Gaozi, Jurong, Suzhou, Yixing, Wuxing and Wukang and as far as Xuancheng, Lingbi and Hekou of Anhui and Jiangxi, over and above rocks of exotic shapes and images or unusual qualities from southwestern China.
zh-cn	这对豪华的园林来说，是最有利的条件。叠山所用的石材，又多利用盐船回载，近则取自江浙的镇江、高资、句容、苏州、宜兴、吴兴、武康等地，远则运自皖赣的徽州府属——宣城、灵璧、河口等处，更有少量奇峰异石罗致自西南诸省的，因此石材的品种要比苏州所用为多。

en-us	Yangzhou's miniature landscapes follow a hallowed tradition that has long been neck and neck with those of Suzhou in the Jiangnan area.
zh-cn	盆景在扬州一带有其悠久的历史，与江南苏州颉颃久矣。

en-us	Yangzhou's parasol trees are marked for their speedy growth rate. Whether they are planted in a garden or a courtyard, they never fail to shield people from the high-noon sun with their green trunks and coolness-gathering foliage, and they join weeping willows to steal the limelight of the city's scenic beauty in summer and spring.
zh-cn	梧桐在扬州生长甚速，碧干笼阴，不论在园林或庭院中，都给人以清雅凉爽之感，与柳色分占夏春二季的风光。

en-us	Yangzhou's prosperity peaked as a result, even though her wealth failed to grow substantially for one reason or another. The Grand Canal dug under Emperor Yang's reign turned the city into a pivotal link on this waterway that spanned south and north China and provided favorable conditions for economic development.
zh-cn	但是隋炀帝时所开凿的运河，则又使扬州成为掌握南北水路交通的枢纽，为以后的经济繁荣提供了有利的条件。

en-us	Yangzhou's sweet flags, which are verdant all year round growing purely in water contained in bowls fashioned out of palm sheaths, are unseen elsewhere, and the potted asters developed by local floriculturists are a fabulous local specialty as well.
zh-cn	又有山水盆景，分旱盆、水盆两种，咫尺山林，亦多别出心裁。棕碗菖蒲，根不着土，以水滋养，终年青葱，为他处所不常见。

en-us	Yangzhou-Style Miniature Landscape Art Museum
zh-cn	扬派盆景艺术博物馆

en-us	Yanqing Taoist Temple
zh-cn	延庆观

en-us	Yanshan Garden
zh-cn	弇山园

en-us	Yao Guangxiao (1335-1418), with a Buddhism name of Daoyan, born in Changzhou, Suzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), was a famous monk of the late Yuan and the early Ming and a famous statesman, military strategist, historian and poet of the early Ming.
zh-cn	姚广孝（1335—1418年），法名道衍，字斯道，号逃虚子。苏州长洲（今江苏苏州）人，是元末明初著名高僧，明初著名的政治家、军事家、史学家、诗人。

en-us	Yao Nai
zh-cn	姚鼐

en-us	Yao Nai (1731-1815) says of the city of Tai'an in "Notes on Breasting Mount Tai," Observed from atop the city wall in sunset glow, the Wenshui River and Mount Culai are picture-perfect, whilst misty clouds float half way up the mountain like a silk ribbon. Spectacular this mountainous city is indeed!
zh-cn	清代姚鼐《登泰山记》所描写的泰安城：“望晚日照城郭，汶水徂徕如画，而半山居雾若带然。”

en-us	Yao Zhengyong
zh-cn	姚正镛

en-us	Ye Gongchuo
zh-cn	叶恭绰

en-us	Ye Gongchuo (1881-1968), and the two brothers Zhang Ze (1882-1940) and Zhang Yuan (1899-1983) had lived in this dwelling-garden as tenants.
zh-cn	曾租赁与叶恭绰（遐庵）、张泽（善子）、爰（大千）兄弟，分居宅园。

en-us	Ye Mengzhu
zh-cn	叶梦珠

en-us	Ye Tao
zh-cn	叶洮

en-us	Yeah, and as much as it rains, and sometimes it rains really hard here, that’s always draining away. You never see it.
zh-cn	因为一旦下雨，有的时候这的雨非常大，雨水都会排走，你不会见到它们滞留在那。

en-us	Yeah, there we see it.
zh-cn	啊，就是这儿。

en-us	Years ago when I first started out as a consultant, I had to learn how to tell a well-managed industrial plant from a poorly managed one - without any pretense to production knowledge.
zh-cn	多年以前我初次做管理顾问时，常常弄不清楚一个企业机构管理的好坏区分——但并不是说我没有生产方面的知识。

en-us	Years later, in 1722, the young prince again joined his grandfather and father to celebrate the lovely peony season in their beloved garden.
zh-cn	数年之后，也就是1722年的时候，这位年幼的小皇子再一次跟他的父祖在他们心爱的宫苑里庆祝赏心悦目的牡丹花季。

en-us	Years later, we were having dinner with Loste, and asked him where he had been educated.
zh-cn	多年以后，我们和洛斯特共进晚餐，问起他在哪里接受的教育。"

en-us	Years of work were wasted, and we had to lay off staff owing to the sudden loss of such an important job.
zh-cn	多年的辛苦打了水漂，我们不得不裁员，因为突然失去了这么重要的工作。

en-us	Years passed before anyone even figured out what to put there.
zh-cn	几年过去了，才有人想出要在那里做些什么景观。

en-us	Yellow River
zh-cn	黄河

en-us	Yen Li-teh and his brother Yen Li-pen (about 600–673 AD) are the first of a long list of great T'ang painters. Li-teh was also an architect, while Li-pen was the greater painter.
zh-cn	阎立德和阎立本（约公元600—673年）兄弟二人名列一大串唐代大画家名单之首。

en-us	Yes, I must admit that I imagine it taking place one day the way those heavy, imposing seventeenth-century locks work; the kind that filled the entire top of a chest with all sorts of bolts, clamps, bars and levers, while a single, easily turned key pulled this entire apparatus of defense and deterrence from its most central point. But the key is not alone.
zh-cn	是的，如果我必须承认这一点，我就想象这一切总有一天会发生，并好像带有17世纪那种牢固强大的锁，它们各式各样的锁扣、爪子、链条、手柄布满了旅行箱的整个盖子，唯一一把柔弱的钥匙把这整套装备从它最紧密的中心的防御和阻碍下夺走。

en-us	Yes, Wilma, I know that you will share with me my grief over P.' s death and I am deeply touched by your sympathy and condolescence.
zh-cn	是的，威尔玛，我对徽因的病逝痛不欲生，我想你也会和我一样悲伤。

en-us	Yes, Wilma, P.' s death is a terrible blow to me and an irretrievable loss to many of our friends, Lao Chin, Hsi-jo and T.
zh-cn	是的，威尔玛，徽因的死对我是一个重大的打击，对我们的许多朋友以及清华大学的许多年轻教师而言也意味着不可挽回的损失，特别是老金（金岳霖）、（张）奚若和（钱）端升。

en-us	Yes, but even when the criticisms of reason, the scorn of philosophy and poetic traditions unite to turn us from the poet's labyrinthine dreams, it remains nonetheless true that the poet has made a trap for dreamers out of his poem.
zh-cn	没错，然而即使理性的批评、对哲学的蔑视和诗歌的传统联合起来要让我们远离诗人那迷宫般的幻想，诗人把他的诗变成梦想者的陷阱这一点并没有改变。

en-us	Yes, but legs of different shapes, and with a head between them.
zh-cn	没错，是有四条腿，但是却形状不同，而且中央还有颗头。

en-us	Yes, if you do it consistently, and in places where it can be calmly seen; but not if you use the beautiful form only as a mask and covering of the proper conditions and uses of things, nor if you thrust it into the places set apart for toil.
zh-cn	不，假如你始终如一的话，而且要在能够平静地看见的地方寻找，但是假如你使用美丽的形式只是作为伪装，用来掩盖真实条件和用途，假如你把它扔进留待劳作的地方，那么答案就是"是"。

en-us	Yes, it is plump and big, but at the same time, it is daintily beautiful and cleverly clustered—with all these traits it outshines those in other cities.
zh-cn	其敷腴盛大而纤丽巧密，皆他州所不及。”

en-us	Yes, the stones are indeed set accurately in locations that must be based on observation and recording, but their purpose is not to study the movement of solar bodies, so much as to draw the inhabited world closer to the wider universe of nature.
zh-cn	的确，石头被精确放置在经过观测和记录的位置上，不过这样做并不是为了研究天体的运动，而是为了将自己居住的世界与更广阔的自然宇宙拉近。

en-us	Yes, there is someone in that house who is keeping watch, a man is working there while I dream away. He leads a dogged existence, whereas I am pursuing futile dreams.
zh-cn	的确，有个人在家宅中守夜，当这个人在那里工作的时候我在做梦，他是一个执着的生命，而我追逐着无用的梦。

en-us	Yes, this look, in an animal that is all fear, is the sacred instant of contemplation.
zh-cn	是的，确实，这样一种目光在这个胆小的动物身上是静观的神圣瞬间。

en-us	Yes, two sorts of time, for what a long time we should need before waves of tranquility, spreading out from the center of our intimacy, reached the ends of the world.
zh-cn	说得对，两种时间，因为我们不知道到底需要怎样的绵延，才能够让安静之波从我们的内心空间中心出发，扩散开去，一直涌向世界的边缘。

en-us	Yes, we undoubtedly know much more about Neolithic societies and what motivated them than we did even twenty years ago. But have we arrived at the whole truth?
zh-cn	的确，相比20年前，我们对新石器时代的社会以及当时人们的行为动机了解得更多了，可我们所知的就是事实的全貌吗？

en-us	Yes. As an architect you do something and everybody thinks that this is your style.
zh-cn	是的，作为一个建筑师，你无论做什么，大家都会认为这就是你的风格。

en-us	Yesterday's actions and decisions, no matter how courageous or wise they may have been, inevitably become today's problems, crises, and stupidities.
zh-cn	昨天的决策和行动，不论当时看起来如何勇敢、如何睿智，都有可能形成今天的困难和危机，甚至被证明是愚蠢的行动。

en-us	Yesterday's successes, however, always linger on long beyond their productive life.
zh-cn	可是昨天的成功，却能留下无尽的影响，远超出成功的有效期以外。

en-us	Yesterday's time is gone forever and will never come back.
zh-cn	昨天的时间过去了，永远不再回来。

en-us	Yet Disney Hall is the result of a simple idea.
zh-cn	然而，迪士尼音乐厅设计成这样的理由却很简单。

en-us	Yet Elizabeth's Stuart successors began a serious flirtation with an architectural style that would eventually turn into a love affair: classicism.
zh-cn	然而，伊丽莎白的继任者斯图尔特开始严重调情建筑风格，最终演变成了一个恋爱故事：古典主义。

en-us	Yet Gaudí has managed to transform these elements into something else – the bones of a building that almost seems alive.
zh-cn	然而，高迪想方设法地要将这些构件转化成其他的东西——使整个建筑的骨架看起来像活的一样。

en-us	Yet Hartley's buildings are still handsome: the iron-framed structures are quirkily but happily mounted on massive, cast-iron Doric columns.
zh-cn	然而，哈特利的建筑依然卓越：虽然钢铁架构很怪异，但是它安装在了大量坚固的多利柱上。

en-us	Yet I am confident that as you read what follows, what you know and how you think about your world will shift.
zh-cn	我有信心，随着阅读，你会对你的世界有新的认识和想法。你的世界会变得不同。

en-us	Yet I wonder if an image of the imagination is ever close to reality. For often when we think we are describing we merely imagine.
zh-cn	但我们要问自己--或者放进括号里--一个想象中的形象是否有接近现实的时候。

en-us	Yet Justinian’s great cathedral is almost 140 meters long, and most of that is made up of the nave.
zh-cn	查士丁尼的伟大教堂，将近140米长，而大部分都为中殿所占。

en-us	Yet Lord Burlington was serious.
zh-cn	然而伯灵顿勋爵却是认真的。

en-us	Yet Louis XIV was probably the only one of the six monarchs to inhabit the palace (five of them named Louis, in fact) who wholeheartedly relished the experience.
zh-cn	但在曾居于凡尔赛宫的六位君主中（事实上，其中五位都名叫路易），路易十四或许是唯一全心全意沉醉其中的人。

en-us	Yet Louis saw the environmental issues less as a hindrance than a challenge.
zh-cn	但路易十三更倾向于将环境问题视为一种挑战，而非阻碍。

en-us	Yet Louis's announcement marked a quantum leap in his thinking.
zh-cn	路易十四的声明标志着其思想上的重大突破。

en-us	Yet Marshall himself personally loathed the dashing beau sabreur of Patton's type.
zh-cn	其实，马歇尔本人并不喜欢巴顿将军那种少爷型的军人性格。

en-us	Yet Pachacuti’s engineers found in this towering landscape that, by some miracle, the gods provided them with the water they needed. NARRATOR (V/O CONT’D):
zh-cn	然而帕查库蒂的工匠们发现了这一壮观的景色，令人惊奇的是，这是神灵赐予他们的水源。

en-us	Yet Saarinen's sculptural form remains as fresh as ever, and demonstrates conclusively that modernism is compatible with monumentality.
zh-cn	然而不仅沙里宁那雕塑般的形式依旧如新，它还确切地展示了现代主义和纪念性是能够共存的。

en-us	Yet Senggelinqin did the contrary by telling the imperial court that "with the barbarians' guns in our hands, we are ready for war" (quoted in Tsiang 1929, 82).
zh-cn	可是相反，僧格林沁却上奏朝廷说：蛮夷的枪炮在我手里，我们已作好打仗的准备。

en-us	Yet Senggelinqin did the contrary by telling the imperial court that “with the barbarians’ guns in our hands, we are ready for war” (quoted in Tsiang 1929, 82).
zh-cn	可是相反，僧格林沁却上奏朝廷说：蛮夷的枪炮在我手里，我们已作好打仗的准备。

en-us	Yet Sloan was far from a patient man.
zh-cn	斯隆用人如此谨慎，然而我们也知道，其实在别的方面他并不是一个很有耐心的人。

en-us	Yet Sullivan had always articulated the skin of his structures with delicate and subtle ornament.
zh-cn	沙利文习惯把建筑物外表装饰得精美而细腻。

en-us	Yet Wright wasn't destined for happiness.
zh-cn	然而，赖特注定不能幸福。

en-us	Yet a concern for architecture has never been free from a degree of suspicion.
zh-cn	然而对建筑历来不乏一定的疑虑。

en-us	Yet a decision will not become effective unless the action commitments have been built into the decision from the start.
zh-cn	然而打从决策开始，我们就应该将行动的承诺纳入决策中，否则便是纸上谈兵。

en-us	Yet a fairer response to the setbacks associated with Neo-Palladian principles would be greater subtlety rather than nervous silence.
zh-cn	不过，对新版帕拉弟奥式原则的出师不利做出更加公正的回应却要比不安的沉默更加奥妙得多。

en-us	Yet against this mortal danger provision was not made in one way (to man's thoughts the simplest, the most natural, the most effective), by withdrawing from the worship of the Divine Being whatever could delight the sense, or shape the imagination, or limit the idea of Deity to place.
zh-cn	然而为了防止这种致命的危险，并不能仅仅用某一种方式（人类心中的最简单、最自然、最有效的方式），仅仅在敬神时，把可能带来感官愉悦、影响想象或者把神的概念仅仅局限于某个地点的部分撤除。

en-us	Yet all these disparate characters will settle side by side, end to end, in creamy mortar, conforming to the selfsame master scheme, perfectly balanced between singularity and concord.
zh-cn	然而，所有这些浑然不同的角色却都要肩并肩、首尾相连地用奶油色的灰泥砌在一起，而且是遵照一个总的规划，在特异与和谐之间求得一个完美的平衡。

en-us	Yet alongside the playfulness there has to be an understanding of site, context, and the needs of users, particularly when the design intervention is made to last.
zh-cn	然而除了乐趣以外，其中还有对场地、内涵和用户需求的理解，当设计将会造成长期影响的时候更是如此。

en-us	Yet alongside these were vast numbers of servants working for courtiers, and usually housed outside the palace.
zh-cn	除此之外，还有大量为廷臣服务的仆役，他们通常住在宫殿之外。

en-us	Yet although forts were similar and recognisably of a kind, no two were identical, and the fuller excavations carried out on some sites in recent years reveal successive re-designs that were often drastically different.
zh-cn	不过，虽然各处要塞设计相近、外观相似，但没有哪两座要塞是一模一样的。近几年对几处遗址进行的更全面发掘，揭示出后续要塞经历过重新设计，且往往与之前的明显不同。

en-us	Yet although he never saw Britain or its northern frontier, he had very different plans for his army there.
zh-cn	虽然从未踏足不列颠或帝国北境，但他对那里的军队做出了自己的安排。

en-us	Yet an investigation of the process by which buildings rise reveals that unfortunate cases can in the end always be attributed not to the hand of God, or to any immovable economic or political necessities, or to the entrenched wishes of purchasers, or to some new depths of human depravity, but to a pedestrian combination of low ambition, ignorance, greed and accident.
zh-cn	然而你如果调查建筑兴建的过程，你就会发现这些不幸的案例归根结底并不能归咎于上帝之手，或归咎于任何不可动摇的经济或政治必然性，也不能归因于买家不容改易的愿望或出于人类更深的腐化堕落，其归根结底的原因在于缺乏雄心、无知愚昧、贪心不足与全属凑巧的混同一气。

en-us	Yet any organization rests on this mixture.
zh-cn	然而任何组织都少不了这种协调。

en-us	Yet architectural diversity is a good thing.
zh-cn	然而，建筑多样性是一件好事。

en-us	Yet architecture has repeatedly defied attempts for it to be set on a more scientific, rule-laden path.
zh-cn	然而，建筑的实践却不断地公然藐视各种想促其走上一条更加科学、符合规范的道路的尝试。

en-us	Yet architecture is as much about space and illusion as it is about practicality.
zh-cn	建筑关乎空间和错觉，也具有实用性。

en-us	Yet as the 2010 Serpentine Pavilion illustrates, even when educated clients with deep pockets hire truly gifted designers, success is by no means guaranteed.
zh-cn	甚至正如蛇形画廊2010年临时展馆例证的那样，即使受过良好教育、有着充足资金的客户，聘用了确实是才华横溢的设计师，也不能绝对保证成功。

en-us	Yet as we have seen, most polities, societies, and individuals have not treated it as such.
zh-cn	然而正如我们已经看到的那样，大多数政体、社会、个人并没把它当回事。

en-us	Yet at the same time, Cloud Gate enhances our sense of agency, since it relies on our participation to create the spectacle of its perpetual remaking.
zh-cn	然而与此同时，它增强了我们的力量感，因为它依赖我们的参与来创造有永恒议论价值的景象。

en-us	Yet at this stage in British architecture this was a pretty refined taste: classically-inspired architecture would take a long time to break through the hard, isolationist shell of British taste.
zh-cn	但是在英国建筑当时的阶段，这是相当高雅的品位：古典风格的建筑将需要很长时间来突破坚硬的、孤立主义的英国审美外壳。

en-us	Yet because bronze is traditionally associated with commemorative statues and memorials, the contrast would not be inappropriate.
zh-cn	又因为青铜在传统意义上与纪念碑雕像和纪念碑紧密相关，所以这种反差不会是不恰当的。

en-us	Yet before visitors to the site see the soaring temple mountain, they must first cross its famous moat.
zh-cn	然而，在游客去遗址参观高耸入云的寺庙山之前，他们一定会先看到著名的浮雕。

en-us	Yet both he and Louis XVI rebalanced the public and private aspects of court life in the direction of the latter.
zh-cn	但他和路易十六重新平衡了宫廷生活中公共和私人两个方面，使其向后者的方向发展。

en-us	Yet both the fan vault and the pointed arch are the essence of Gothic.
zh-cn	然而，无论是扇形穹顶还是尖拱，都成为哥特式建筑的本质。

en-us	Yet by 1942, Marshall had developed the largest and clearly the ablest group of general officers in American history.
zh-cn	到了1942年，由于马歇尔将军的用人得当，已替美国造就了一大批有史以来最能干的将领。

en-us	Yet by the mid-sixteenth century, wealthy Parisians started investing in property here.
zh-cn	到16世纪中期，富有的巴黎人开始在这里投资地产。

en-us	Yet by then it was clear that Versailles had established a kind of supra-political role as a republican palace: it was where constitutional amendments were agreed by the two assemblies.
zh-cn	然而很显然，此后作为共和国宫殿的凡尔赛宫开始扮演一种"超政治"角色：议会两院在这里通过宪法修正案。

en-us	Yet change there was over time, and as wealth and stability faded, so did the technical capacity and skill they supported.
zh-cn	然而，随着时间的推移，改变也在推进，富足和稳定不再，需要以此为根基的技术生产力和工艺技巧也随之消失。

en-us	Yet classical balance prevails.
zh-cn	然而古典主义的平衡感依旧存在。

en-us	Yet connoisseurs and critics do not classify these murals as art, looking to the scrolls alone for the work of the great masters.
zh-cn	可是鉴赏家和评论者不把那些壁画看作艺术品，他们只把卷轴画看作艺术大家的作品。

en-us	Yet despite these Western influences, the Palace of the Lions remains a resolutely Eastern building.
zh-cn	然而，尽管有这些西方的影响，狮子庭院依然是一个东方的建筑。

en-us	Yet despite this, he continued to fight on, attempting to impose his own authority and experience on J. Dubuisson.
zh-cn	然而，尽管如此，他继续在战斗着，试图将自己的权威和经验施加在J•迪比松身上。

en-us	Yet disturbances in Britain, most probably well to the north of Hadrian's Wall, make most sense of what happened, and perhaps tribes allied to Rome were attacked by neighbours.
zh-cn	然而，这场动乱发生在不列颠地区是最合理的推测，而且极有可能发生在哈德良长城以北，可能是与罗马帝国结盟的部落受到了邻族的攻击。

en-us	Yet elsewhere there are signs that the army lacked some of the skill and resources of earlier periods.
zh-cn	不过，在其他方面却有迹象表明，此时的军队缺乏早期工艺和资源。

en-us	Yet even as he uttered these words, Justinian himself was painfully aware of the precarious nature of his monument.
zh-cn	即使在他说出这些话时，查士丁尼自己也痛苦地意识到，他的不朽之作存在不稳定性。

en-us	Yet even here one should avoid needless detail.
zh-cn	但是，即使是这样也要避免不必要的细节估算。

en-us	Yet even here one should avoid needless detail.
zh-cn	在质量环当中有一个正式的有关工人对质量控制改进的环节，在这里工人们定期会面并对质量改进提供建议。

en-us	Yet even in this prison, there is peace.
zh-cn	安宁就在这个牢笼里。

en-us	Yet exactly as a woman of feeling would not wear false jewels, so would a builder of honor disdain false ornaments.
zh-cn	然而就像有品位的妇女不会佩戴假首饰一样，珍视荣誉的建筑工人也看不起虚假的装潢。使用虚假的装潢简直就是撒下弥天大谎。

en-us	Yet for Wren, St Paul's had become a cross to bear, one that had dominated an otherwise stellar career.
zh-cn	然而对于雷恩来说，圣保罗大教堂已然成为他要承受的十字架，如果不是这样，他的职业生涯将更加辉煌。

en-us	Yet for all his antics, in the early years of Commodus's reign problems in the provinces were dealt with competently by his subordinates.
zh-cn	康茂德行事古怪，但在他统治前期，各行省发生的问题还是由他的下属们出色地解决了。

en-us	Yet for all that, Hadrian's Wall and the communities around it existed because of the army, and the regulations and habits of the Roman army were at the heart of life there.
zh-cn	但就算是这样，哈德良长城及其周边社区也确实是因为军队而存在的，罗马军队的规章和习惯是长城生活的核心。

en-us	Yet for the Romans, this was certainly an era of change.
zh-cn	然而，对罗马人而言，这一时期毫无疑问是变革的时代。

en-us	Yet for the visitor who successfully ran the gauntlet of gateway checks on entry, and then ventured into the gardens, a completely different Versailles opened up.
zh-cn	但对那些成功通过门岗检查、冒险进入园林的参观者来说，一座截然不同的凡尔赛宫将展现在他们眼前。

en-us	Yet for years after its completion, the city of Boston and state of Massachusetts spent more servicing the debt for the project-$100 million-than was devoted in total to the entirety of the surface landscape that the Big Dig created.
zh-cn	在完工后的几年内，波士顿市和马萨诸塞州又花了1亿美元为该项目偿还债务，而大开挖创建的整个地表景观的总投入还不到这个数。

en-us	Yet glimpses of the outward appearance of such structures may be gathered from the details of construction in some of the cave temples and from the paintings on their walls.
zh-cn	但从一些石窟寺的构造细部和它们墙上的壁画我们可以大略知晓8世纪中期以前木构建筑的外貌。

en-us	Yet he could not be kept in an administrative position; his shortcomings were much too obvious and were, indeed, weakening the whole institute.
zh-cn	然而现在，他却不宜续任了，他的缺陷太明显，如果继续留任管理职位，恐怕整个研究所都将受到影响。

en-us	Yet he made quite sure of the necessary differences of opinion on important matters by asking both Hamilton and Jefferson for their opinions.
zh-cn	但是实际上华盛顿在处理重要问题时，常分别去征求汉密尔顿（Hamilton，华盛顿时代的财政部长）和杰斐逊（Jefferson，美国第三任总统）的意见，以便取得不同的意见。

en-us	Yet here the similarities end. Aalto's romantic modernism was rooted in the region where he lived, while Kahn's modernism aspired to be universal.
zh-cn	阿尔托浪漫派的现代主义来自他生活过的地方，而康的现代主义追求的是普适性。

en-us	Yet his work and ideas inspired brutal housing estates, where people could live and die alone and scared, never knowing the people who lived a few feet away.
zh-cn	然而，他的作品与理念要开化的是蛮不讲理的居民区，在那里，人们只能带着恐惧，孤独地苟活或死去，对距离自己几英尺外的住户都一无所知。

en-us	Yet how many American and Asian cities violate this maxim!
zh-cn	但是美国和亚洲有很多城市违反了这个原则！

en-us	Yet if La Bruyère had maintained that a king of France could have anything he liked except a private life, Louis XV proved him wrong.
zh-cn	然而，即便拉布吕耶尔坚持认为，一位法国国王可以拥有他除了私人生活之外想要的一切，路易十五还是证明了事实并非如此。

en-us	Yet if it had latterly acquired an acceptance of sorts within national life, a challenging physical monument like Versailles also required substantial material support, which the Third Republic, like its predecessors, was loath to extend.
zh-cn	然而，即便已经在某种程度上被接纳为国民生活的一部分，对凡尔赛宫这样富有挑战性的历史遗迹来说，大量的物质支持还是必不可少，而在这个问题上，第三共和国与其前任一样，都表现得极为勉强。

en-us	Yet if someone were to ask us what was the matter, we might not know how to elaborate on the malign features of our environment.
zh-cn	然而如果有人问我们到底怎么回事，我们又很可能不知道该如何将我们周围环境中的有害特征用语言表达出来。

en-us	Yet if this is all the executive ever does, he will reap a substantial improvement.
zh-cn	但是，只要管理者确能这么去做，他就能有所收获。

en-us	Yet in German, Swedish, or Dutch companies top management people are criticized just as much for "operating" as in the United States.
zh-cn	但是德国、瑞典、荷兰等国公司的高层管理人士也和美国一样，因只抓具体业务不抓总体管理而受到批评。

en-us	Yet in ancient Greece the site had much more significance as the home of the Olympians, the deities living on Mount Olympus.
zh-cn	然而在古希腊，奥林匹克作为住在奥林匹斯山的神灵之家拥有更重要的意义。

en-us	Yet in contrast to these historical allusions, Gund Hall's surfaces insist upon their modernity. Steel, large plates of glass, and reinforced concrete are all materials architects adopted in the twentieth century as icons of modernity.
zh-cn	尽管冈德楼构造的规律性暗示了机构的悠久历史，但是冈德楼表面的选材彰显了机构的现代气息：钢铁、大玻璃板、钢筋混凝土都是20世纪建筑师为了体现现代气息而选用的材料。

en-us	Yet in its understated way, the NPI is an arcadia of earthbound light and serenity, illustrating the transformative power of experientially informed design, whereby even the ostensibly banal can be made into a special place.
zh-cn	它非常低调，就像一个乡村乐园，明亮宁静，证明着体验导向设计的强大威力：让外表平庸的地方焕发独特的魅力。

en-us	Yet in sculpture its lines would have been perfectly barbarous, and those even of the lower not enough refined.
zh-cn	话又说回来，倘若用在雕塑中，上面的这些线条就会很野蛮，甚至连下面的线条也不够精细。

en-us	Yet in spite of these changes, the milecastles continued to be used by the army, and it is now time to look in more detail at the physical components of Hadrian's Wall as we try to understand how it was intended to function and how this functioning developed over the years.
zh-cn	然而，虽然出现了这些变动，但里堡仍为军队驻扎所用。接下来，我们从建筑角度看看长城本身的各处细节，以便进一步了解哈德良长城的建造目的，以及它究竟随时间经历了怎样的发展。

en-us	Yet in such daydreams as these the past is very old indeed.
zh-cn	可是，在这样的梦想中，怎样的古老年代才有过去可考呢。

en-us	Yet it is also the scene of an intriguing architectural mystery. Ouro Preto's architectural uniformity can be attributed largely to the fact that so many of its buildings are the work of a single architect: but if so, who was it?
zh-cn	黑金城建筑的一致性很大程度上可以归结于这样的一个事实，即这么多的建筑均出自一位建筑师之手，但如果是这样的话，这位建筑师是谁呢？

en-us	Yet it is also true that for all of them it was not a very important question.
zh-cn	然而，对他们所有人来说，这其实并非至关重要的问题。

en-us	Yet it is at least interesting, if not profitable, to note that two very distinguishing characters of vital imitation are, its Frankness and its Audacity; its Frankness is especially singular; there is never any effort to conceal the degree of the sources of its borrowing.
zh-cn	然而假如说注意到模范的两大显著特征分别是坦诚和大胆无利可图的话，起码很有趣：坦诚这一特征尤其奇怪，从来没有对借用的程度加以任何掩饰。

en-us	Yet it is evident that metals may, and sometimes must, enter into the construction to a certain extent, as nails in wooden architecture, and therefore as legitimately rivets and solderings in stone; neither can we well deny to the Gothic architect the power of supporting statues, pinnacles, or traceries by iron bars; and if we grant this I do not see how we can help allowing Brunelleschi his iron chain around the dome of Florence, or the builders of Salisbury their elaborate iron binding of the central tower.
zh-cn	我们也同样不能剥夺哥特式建筑师利用铁柱来支撑塑像、尖顶或窗格的权力。倘若我们给与这种权力，我看不出我们如何能够制止布鲁内莱斯基用铁链把佛罗伦萨大教堂的穹顶箍住，或者禁止索尔斯伯利大教堂的建筑工人用铁箍把中央塔楼缚住。

en-us	Yet it is hard to imagine how he must have felt about his career with St Paul's the touchstone of his reputation.
zh-cn	然而，很难想象他对圣保罗大教堂成为自己职业生涯中声誉的试金石这件事是怎么看待的。

en-us	Yet it is named "Terrace for Frolicking with the Moon." Xu Hongzu (1586-1641) says in Diaries on Travels in Yunnan, In the Ma's Garden a pavilion was built on another pond's southern bank, so that it faces the brooklet northward.
zh-cn	明人徐宏祖（霞客）《滇游日记》“游罗园”条：“建一亭于外池南岸，北向临池，隔池则龙泉寺之殿阁参差。

en-us	Yet it is perhaps not too surprising that we have so far paid little attention to the effective executive.
zh-cn	然而，我们习以为常的是，至今为止我们对卓有成效的管理者重视不够。

en-us	Yet it is the executive's specific job - whether he works in government, in a business, or in any other institution - to commit today's resources to the future.
zh-cn	不管是在政府、企业，还是在其他机构，管理者的一项具体任务就是要把今天的资源投入到创造未来中去。

en-us	Yet it stands under the law that governs the structure and size of animals and plants: The surface goes up with the square of the radius, but the mass grows with the cube.
zh-cn	但是组织也要受支配自然生物生长的同样定律的制约：面积与半径的平方成正比，质量则与半径的立方成正比。

en-us	Yet it was clear to everyone, including the members of the administration, that the basic assumptions on which its policies rested, the basic assumptions of the postwar years, had become increasingly unrealistic in international as well as in domestic affairs.
zh-cn	然而人人都看得很清楚，甚至他们自己也看得很清楚：他们所赖以制定政策的那些基本设想，他们对战后局势的基本估计，已越来越脱离当时外交和内政的实际。

en-us	Yet it was concern about 'ribbon development' that led in Britain to planning laws and green belts to contain urban expansion.
zh-cn	然而正是对"带状开发"的关注推动了英国一系列的规划法的制定和城市绿化带的建设，以此遏制城市的扩张。

en-us	Yet it was soon apparent that Louis's overall plans for Versailles were far bigger and better than his father's.
zh-cn	然而很快就可以看出，路易十四对凡尔赛宫的整体规划要比他父亲的宏大、完善得多。

en-us	Yet legions of affordable housing developments-ones already built and ones still on the drawing boards-ignore or pay lip service, at best, to these fundamental human needs.
zh-cn	但美国大量经济适用房小区，有的已经建成，有的还在图纸上，都忽视或巴不得能够敷衍人的那些基本需求。由于这个原因和其他许多原因，几乎美国的全部经济适用房小区，反而让它们想要救助的人陷入贫困。

en-us	Yet life at Versailles had two sides to it.
zh-cn	但凡尔赛宫里的生活也有两面性。

en-us	Yet mass methods produced crass results. The sad thing for Morris was that for all his efforts, most of his own, high-quality goods were out of the reach of all but the wealthy.
zh-cn	让莫里斯感到难过的是，无论他怎么尝试、做出怎样的努力，优质商品不是所有人都能得到，得是有钱人才可以。

en-us	Yet men of high effectiveness are conspicuous by their absence in executive jobs. High intelligence is common enough among executives.
zh-cn	然而，值得注意的是，在担任管理职位的人中，真正卓有成效者，殊不多见。

en-us	Yet most of the tasks of the executive require, for minimum effectiveness, a fairly large quantum of time.
zh-cn	但是，即使是只想获得最低程度的有效性，管理者的绝大部分任务也需要相当多的整块时间。

en-us	Yet most people take for granted this unique, irreplaceable, and necessary resource.
zh-cn	但是对这项最特殊的、无可替代的和不可或缺的资源，绝大多数人却都以为可以取用不竭。

en-us	Yet no one truly realized just how dangerously precarious the building really was. NARRATOR (V/O):
zh-cn	但仍没有人真正意识到，这座建筑有多么危险。

en-us	Yet no other Roman frontier was quite like Hadrian's Wall, making direct analogy difficult, while debates over its function strike to the heart of wider debates over how the Roman Empire worked.
zh-cn	但问题是，没有任何一处罗马边界与哈德良长城相似，所以将二者直接类比分析实际上困难重重，而对长城功能的辩论，则直击罗马帝国如何运作这一更大论题的核心。

en-us	Yet no other administrator in the large university is free to establish contact with the students who are the university's "customers."
zh-cn	以大学来说，学生就是学校的“顾客”，但是大学校长以及其他行政主管们，几乎从来没跟他们的顾客建立过关系。

en-us	Yet no place, the architect was once heard to say, ever gave him more pleasure to build than humble little Blaise Hamlet.
zh-cn	然而，这位建筑师曾这样说过，没有哪个地方能像布莱斯这个小镇一样，带给他如此多的建筑快乐。

en-us	Yet not only do we have to fill jobs with people as they come.
zh-cn	殊不知我们所能找出的人选，都是普通人。

en-us	Yet notwithstanding these flights of allegorical fantasy, Louis's thinking remained at bottom pragmatic and functional.
zh-cn	尽管存在这些寓言性质的幻想，路易十四的想法本质上依然务实且实用。

en-us	Yet on the whole, the army provided better medical facilities than were available to poorer civilians, and soldiers were as well cared for as the medical knowledge of the age permitted.
zh-cn	不过，整体而言，部队要比相对贫穷的平民拥有更好的医疗设施，士兵也能在当时的医疗水平下享受到较好的照顾。

en-us	Yet organization requires a hierarchy.
zh-cn	但是，组织却不能没有等级制度。

en-us	Yet paradoxically, suburban developments do more to dissociate people from the varied experiences that a good natural environment provides.
zh-cn	然而事与愿违的是，住在近郊小区，实际上人们更不可能拥有在优美自然环境中才会有的各种体验。

en-us	Yet research clearly demonstrates that design is central to effective learning environments.
zh-cn	事实上，研究成果清楚地表明，设计是高效学习环境的核心所在。

en-us	Yet some of the Grotto's statuary was moved to a grove in the main garden, which took the appropriately solar name of Bosquet des Bains d'Apollon, and there were many other solar echoes around the gardens.
zh-cn	但洞内的一些雕像被移到主园林里的一片小树林中，那里也因此被恰如其分地称为"阿波罗浴池林"。

en-us	Yet the Modernist architect Le Corbusier saw it somewhat differently.
zh-cn	然而最现代的建筑大师勒·柯布西耶不知怎么的却有着不同的看法。

en-us	Yet the Versailles project put severe strains on Louis XIV's treasury and placed his successors, Louis XV (ruled 1715-74) and Louis XVI (ruled 1774-92), in a paradoxical situation.
zh-cn	然而，凡尔赛工程给路易十四的国库造成了沉重负担，也将其后继者路易十五（1715-1774在位）和路易十六（1774-1792在位）置于一种自相矛盾的处境。

en-us	Yet the animals are in general well modeled, robust, vigorous, and animated. The lions and chimeras are usually winged.
zh-cn	山东曲阜的人像非常呆拙、粗糙、模糊一团，只大致有点像人形。

en-us	Yet the appraisal interview is the crux of the whole system.
zh-cn	然而，面谈考评却正是整个考评制度的重心所在。

en-us	Yet the architecture of Rome has been a fount of inspiration to the world's best architects – and has also fed the imagination of tyrants.
zh-cn	然而，罗马的建筑一直是世界顶尖建筑师的灵感源泉，同时它也满足了罗马暴君的想象。

en-us	Yet the axial symmetry and the mirroring of forms—the two spheres—provide a clear and simple sense of orientation.
zh-cn	还有就是，两个球体的轴对称和形式的镜像给人们提供了清晰而简单的方向感。

en-us	Yet the barbarians put all of our royal gardens [in the neighborhood] under restraint and [willfully] set fire to the nearby streets. [Their behavior] made our hair stand up in great anger.
zh-cn	不料该夷已由东、北两面窜至，占据园庭，焚烧附近街市，令人发指。

en-us	Yet the bedrooms are cramped.
zh-cn	然而，卧室的空间很狭窄。

en-us	Yet the best buildings can actually enhance dramatic landscapes.
zh-cn	然而，最好的建筑实际上可以为无与伦比的美丽景观增色不少。

en-us	Yet the bridge testifies to how closely a certain kind of beauty is bound up with our admiration for strength, for man-made objects which can withstand the life-destroying forces of heat, cold, gravity or wind.
zh-cn	而这座桥却证实了某种特定种类的美与我们对力量，对可以为我们抵挡伤害我们的热、冷、引力或风的人造物品的热爱靠得多么近。

en-us	Yet the classical language is equal to the different circumstances: a similar temple portico marks the entrance to the offices, although the order is Doric rather than Ionic, and the smooth columns are precast concrete rather than Tennessee marble.
zh-cn	波普用一个类似于神庙的柱廊强调了办公室的入口，虽然柱子采用的是多立克柱，而非爱奥尼柱。另外，光滑的柱子是由预制混凝土建造的，而不是田纳西大理石。

en-us	Yet the construction of that myth was less straightforward than it is often made to seem.
zh-cn	然而，这个神话的构建却不像人们通常认为的那样简单。

en-us	Yet the course has to be general and has to include the foundation materials of the discipline, regardless of the interests and inclinations of the teacher.
zh-cn	但是生物化学概论这门课程，不论教授个人的兴趣如何，都必须包括这门学科的基本原理。

en-us	Yet the craziest part of this swoopy landmark isn't its form: It is made mostly of wood and is the largest glued structure on Earth.
zh-cn	然而，外形还不算这座流线型地标性建筑最不可思议的地方：它几乎全部由木头建造，并且是全球最大的胶合建筑。

en-us	Yet the current structure of real estate development mostly discourages high-quality products and experimentation.
zh-cn	但是，目前的房地产开发体系大多不鼓励优质产品和实验。

en-us	Yet the design should also be read as the synthesis of ten years' research and experience - even more if one includes the houses Le Corbusier constructed before his arrival in Paris.
zh-cn	这一设计应该被解读成10年研究和经验的结晶——如果算上勒•柯布西耶在去巴黎之前所做的大量别墅的话，将不只是10年。

en-us	Yet the educated and sophisticated Venetians, brought up on Virgil's Eclogues and Georgics and used to their sophisticated palazzos, would not settle for an ordinary farm complex.
zh-cn	这些威尼斯人在维吉尔《牧歌集》和《农事集》的熏陶下成长，精明又有教养，习惯居住精致宏伟的宫殿，绝不会在普通的农场群定居。

en-us	Yet the fear of social upheaval was strong, putting a huge focus on home and hearth.
zh-cn	然而对社会巨变的担忧是强烈的，人们更关注自己的家园。

en-us	Yet the less valuable objects stolen by the local thieves were too numerous to trace.
zh-cn	就是被本地小偷窃取、没有那么大价值的物品，也因为数量实在太过庞大而难以追回。

en-us	Yet the lives of the two sets of residents-especially the children-differed depending upon which one they called home, with residents of the Green Courtyard buildings markedly healthier, physically and psychologically.
zh-cn	然而两个住宅楼的居民，特别是孩子，有着不一样的生活。绿院那样的地方才算得上是家，因为不管是在身体上还是在心理上，绿院的居民明显更健康（见图4-2）。

en-us	Yet the long decay of the administrative, financial, and logistical structures of the army and the state underpinning this effectiveness made it rarer and rarer for provincial armies to reach such high standards.
zh-cn	可支撑这种精良军队的行政、财政及后勤体制却长期衰败，令各行省军队越来越难以保持原有的高素质。

en-us	Yet the massive interest that these two 'Gothick' experiments prompted would have its fruit in the next century, with a fullblown Gothic revival.
zh-cn	但是这两个“哥特式”的建筑实验所引起的人们浓厚的兴趣，并在下一个世纪得到了完美体现，哥特复兴繁荣发展。

en-us	Yet the pendulum may have swung too far the other way, and recently one scholar has argued that work at Corbridge and Halton Chesters (the closest fort on the Wall to Dere Street, the main north-south road) does suggest a layer of burning on each site dating to around the 180s that was probably deliberate, making it quite possible that they attest to the destruction caused by this war.
zh-cn	近期有学者指出，通过研究发现，科布里奇和霍尔顿切斯特斯（最接近德雷街的长城要塞）遗迹上的烧痕可追溯至公元180年前后，的确可能是蓄意而为之，证明该要塞曾因战争遭到毁坏。

en-us	Yet the place appears to have run like clockwork.
zh-cn	然而，这个地方似乎像钟表一样运行。

en-us	Yet the queen was increasingly out of the picture at Versailles.
zh-cn	然而在凡尔赛宫里，王后却开始渐渐淡出人们的视线。

en-us	Yet the stones they crafted fit together precisely.
zh-cn	然而他们切割的石头却精密地结合到了一起。

en-us	Yet the story of the Villa as a family home is a comic one.
zh-cn	然而，萨伏伊别墅成为一个真正的家的故事更像是一则漫画。

en-us	Yet the task of living up to their predecessor's standards was challenging, and neither monarch found Louis XIV easy to imitate.
zh-cn	然而要达到前辈的标准是一项艰巨的任务，而且两位君主都发现路易十四并不容易效仿。

en-us	Yet the term 'propaganda' refers to the promotion of any doctrine or set of beliefs and in and of itself should carry no negative connotations.
zh-cn	然而，对于任何教义或成体系的信仰的宣扬都可以是"宣传"，其本身应该不带有负面的含义。

en-us	Yet the underlying principle of Gehry's plan is as simple as he described: box, toilets, stairs, a foyer, a front door.
zh-cn	不过盖里设计平面的基本原则的确和他描述的一样简单：盒子、卫生间、楼梯、门厅和正门。

en-us	Yet their own instruments had signaled that something quite extraordinary was going on which called for exceptional, rather than for standard, countermeasures.
zh-cn	后来他们经过详细检查，发现了非比寻常的现象，才知道不能用平常方法，而必须用非常方法来解决。

en-us	Yet there are plenty of people around with enough science to understand what the physicist is trying to say, who can write readable English, where the physicist only speaks higher mathematics.
zh-cn	研究所里有很多人都知道该项研究的经过，新闻稿如果由别人写，写出来一定文笔流畅、通俗易懂，而高级研究员却只能写出一些高深莫测的数学公式。

en-us	Yet there is one house and one house only that somehow symbolizes the quintessential American pioneer spirit.
zh-cn	但是只有一座房子，就那一座房子，在某种程度上象征着典型的美国开拓精神。

en-us	Yet there was general surprise when Peel announced not just a competition, but an aesthetic decision. There would be no discussion.
zh-cn	令人大为吃惊的是，皮尔宣布的不仅是一场比赛，还是一次事关审美的决定。

en-us	Yet these are not the less our duties; nor is our part fitly sustained upon the earth, unless the range of our intended and deliberate usefulness include not only the companions, but the successors, of our pilgrimage.
zh-cn	然而这些却同样是我们的义务；除非我们不仅仅对同行者有用，而且对后继者也有用，否则我们在这世上就名不正，言不顺。

en-us	Yet they are not only conceived as eternal; they are welded into the structure through civil service rules and immediately become vested interests, with their own spokesmen in the legislature.
zh-cn	这些计划和措施不但被认为是永恒的原则，还会演变成法令规章，谁也动他不得，成为一部分人的既得利益，并且得到政府立法部门有关人员的支持。

en-us	Yet this can perhaps still be done by going down a checklist every few months, that is, by following a form.
zh-cn	管理者也许得采用一种检查表，每隔几个月检查一次。

en-us	Yet this costliness was generally a condition of the acceptableness of the sacrifice.
zh-cn	然而这种高价通常却是牺牲能被接受的条件。"

en-us	Yet this didn't stop the builders aiming high. In the tiny village of Skatin, tucked into the forests of British Columbia, Canada, lies a hidden Gothic treasure, inspired by pictures of the cathedrals of Chartres and St Denis in France.
zh-cn	这并不耽误建造者建造出高水平的房屋：加拿大哥伦比亚森林里隐藏着一个叫Skatin的小村庄，那里有座珍贵的哥特式宝藏，其建筑灵感来自沙特尔大教堂和法国圣丹尼斯的图片。

en-us	Yet this is also, and profoundly, true for ordinary and conventional design.
zh-cn	而且这种影响具有普遍性，即使是普通常规的设计。

en-us	Yet this is the invariable result of the executive's failure to concentrate and to impose priorities.
zh-cn	而一事无成，正是身为管理者未能集中主要精力，未能抓住首要任务的结果。

en-us	Yet this neat separation between the vexed matter of appearance and the more straightforward one of performance has always hung on an illusory distinction.
zh-cn	然而，将房子难缠的外观与更加直截的性能问题干净利落地一刀两断，仍然不能真正地将问题解决。

en-us	Yet this objection, as frequent as feeble, must be more specifically answered.
zh-cn	不过对这种常见而又微弱的反对意见，必须进行更加具体的驳斥。

en-us	Yet this sense of fun was liberating.
zh-cn	但这种让人愉快的感觉也是一种解放。

en-us	Yet this very reticulation would in color be highly beautiful; and all the heraldry, and other features which, in form, are monstrous, may be delightful as themes of color (so long as there are no fluttering or over-twisted lines in them); and this observe, because, when colored, they take the place of a mere pattern, and the resemblance to nature, which could not be found in their sculptured forms, is found in their piquant variegation of other surfaces.
zh-cn	然而正是这种相互交叉才使得色彩非常美丽；一切纹章等特性尽管在形式上都丑陋不堪，但是（只要没有颤动或扭曲的线条）作为色彩的主题却令人赏心悦目；请注意，因为在着色之后，它们取代了纯粹的图案和与自然的相似，而后两者在雕塑形状中不存在，所以在其它几幅变化的表面中可以发现这一点。

en-us	Yet this was only advanced tinkering and more radical plans stayed on paper.
zh-cn	然而，这只是进一步的修补，更多根本性的计划仍停留在纸面上。

en-us	Yet this wider natural world was evoked in the most abstract of ways, not through a view onto a lawn planted with mature specimens, but through the very temperature of the air, a thin carpeting of moss and the careful placement of three volcanic rocks.
zh-cn	而这个广大的自然世界是经由最为抽象的方式唤起你注意的，并非通过种满成熟植物样本的草坪，而是经由空气本身的温度、薄薄的一层苔藓还有三块精心布置的火山石传达出来的。

en-us	Yet to get even that half-day or those two weeks of really productive time requires self-discipline and an iron determination to say "No."
zh-cn	然而，即使只想“偷得浮生半日闲”来处理真正有生产性的工作，也要具备非常大的勇气和决心。

en-us	Yet too few people realize how extensive are the effects of design on human well-being and society's welfare.
zh-cn	然而极少有人认识到，设计对人类幸福和社会安康的影响是多么广泛。

en-us	Yet ultimately, nothing can detract from that exquisite beauty.
zh-cn	它与奈斯尔先辈的建筑形成了鲜明的对照。

en-us	Yet unless they are pruned, and pruned ruthlessly, they drain the lifeblood from an organization.
zh-cn	但是，这些过去的成功和活动最需要无情的检讨，否则组织的血液都流失到这种自我之中了。

en-us	Yet unless this effort is made, much design, particularly in disadvantaged inner-city districts suffering high levels of delinquency, the time and money spent on new facilities can be wasted.
zh-cn	然而除非付出这样的努力，否则花费在新设施中的时间和金钱就会被浪费了，这种情况在犯罪率高的贫困内城区域尤甚。

en-us	Yet we are obliged to grant these images a certain objectivity, from the mere fact that they both attract and interest many dreamers.
zh-cn	我们应该赋予这些形象某种客观性，就因为一个原因：它们引来许许多多梦想者的认同，甚至兴趣。

en-us	Yet what a talent – Wren's rise to fame was meteoric.
zh-cn	然而是怎样的天才啊，雷恩在一夜间声名鹊起。

en-us	Yet what was most important about the WTC was neither its technology nor the fact that architect Minoru Yamasaki's inspired space planning freed up 75 per cent of the floor area as rentable space, when the norm at the time was 62.
zh-cn	然而，世贸中心最重要的设计特点既不是其先进的技术，也不是设计师山崎实极具灵感的空间规划，使得75%的区域空间得以释放、出租（当时通常的比例为62%）。

en-us	Yet when the Society of Dilettanti measured the temple, they were horrified to find that this culminating masterpiece of Greek architecture – the embodiment of ordered, classical geometry – didn't have a single straight line.
zh-cn	然而当业余爱好者协会测量神殿时，他们惊奇地发现这个古希腊建筑的巅峰杰作——有序的古典几何结构——竟然没有一条单一的直线。

en-us	Yet when the deputies met next day to start business, they were unable to decide how to proceed.
zh-cn	但第二天代表们集中起来准备议事时，他们却无法决定如何进行。

en-us	Yet whether in design or implementation, their willingness to adapt shows a desire to make the whole system work.
zh-cn	但无论是在长城的设计还是在建造过程中，一次次的调整都体现了建造者想让整个防御系统发挥作用的愿望。

en-us	Yet windows usually don't ripple. In their rippling, these windows convey a sense of time passing, of change in blowing breezes and dancing light.
zh-cn	窗户通常不会荡漾波纹，但是MAS的窗户用荡漾的波纹让人感受时光的流逝，以及习习微风和舞动的光线变化。

en-us	Yet within these boundaries, a high degree of exuberance and inventiveness is allowed in terms of materials, window styles and individual floor heights.
zh-cn	不过在这些界限之内，在材料、窗户式样和个体的地板高度的选择上却可以有高度的自由和创造性。

en-us	Yet without a prepared alternative, Roosevelt was as totally lost as the German General Staff or the Tsar of the Russians.
zh-cn	反过来说，如果罗斯福当初没有另一方案，恐怕他肯定会像德军参谋本部和俄国沙皇一样，要迷惘而不知所措了。

en-us	Yet without any roots in history, with no cultural precedents at all, Paxton's achievement was in a sense ignored.
zh-cn	没有历史渊源，没有文化先例，帕克斯顿的成就一度被忽视了。

en-us	Yet, as Philip Johnson wisely observed, "you cannot not know history."
zh-cn	然而，正如菲利普•约翰逊所说的：“你不可以对历史一无所知。”

en-us	Yet, as is often the case with Kipling, there are moments where you still feel that he found the essence of a time or place, and this passage is one of them.
zh-cn	然而，这是在吉卜林的故事中经常能见到的情节，你能感觉到他抓住了某个时代或地点的精髓，帕尼修斯的故事也是如此。

en-us	Yet, aside from decorative motifs (the acanthus leaf, the frets, the beads, and even the Ionic and Corinthian capitals) and the basic conception of the caves themselves, there seems to be no traceable Indian influence to give the sculpture an Indian or otherwise un-Chinese character.
zh-cn	除了一些装饰题材（叶饰、回文饰、念珠，甚至爱奥尼克或科林斯柱头）和洞窟的基本形制外，看不出在雕刻上有什么印度或其他非中国的特点。

en-us	Yet, at a guess, at least half the bureaus and agencies of the federal government of the United States either regulate what no longer needs regulation - for example, the Interstate Commerce Commission whose main efforts are still directed toward protecting the public from a monopoly of the railroads that disappeared thirty years ago.
zh-cn	然而，在我看来，今天的美国至少有半数的联邦政府机构，不是仍然拘泥于根本不必要的规章（例如“州际商业委员会”，其最初成立的目的本在于防止私营铁路的垄断，而铁路垄断的可能性，30年前就已经不存在了），就是把精力放到满足政治家的私愿上（绝大部分农业法案便属此类）。

en-us	Yet, defining the specifications and setting the boundary conditions cannot be done on the "facts" in any decision of importance. It always has to be done on interpretation.
zh-cn	不过，对重要的决策而言，要确定边界条件和提出规范，光靠“事实”是不够的，还要看我们如何理解问题，这是一种充满风险的判断。

en-us	Yet, despite the confidence of such assertions, Palladio's laws were not to prove as enduring as the reputations of his houses.
zh-cn	不过，尽管言之凿凿，事实证明帕拉弟奥的法则却不像他的建筑那样享誉长久。

en-us	Yet, despite this indifference, the new men of science seemed capable of building the most impressive and, in many cases, the most seductive structures of their confused age.
zh-cn	然而，尽管他们对此漠不关心，这些科学的新人却似乎能够建造出他们那个混乱的时代中最令人难忘以及在很多方面最有魅力的建筑。

en-us	Yet, for all its beautiful bravado, the Alhambra is not a triumphalist monument. It was born of fear.
zh-cn	然而这些都是华丽的虚张声势，阿兰布拉宫并不是一个必胜者的象征，它是恐惧的产物。

en-us	Yet, he was con-cerned when the Grand Council reported that the Englishmen showed displeasure when they were requested to leave. His Majesty instructed the governors-general in the coastal region to be attentive and on guard for fear that the resentful British might disrupt coastal peace (Gugong Bowuyuan 1990, 746, 749).
zh-cn	不过，乾隆同时关切军机处奏报，当得知英国人被要求离开时表现不悦，他敕谕沿岸的总督要多加注意和提防，以防不满的英国人可能借故扰乱沿岸的安宁。

en-us	Yet, in fact, French premier George Clemenceau's proposal of the site was warmly supported by US president Woodrow Wilson.
zh-cn	但事实上，法国总理乔治o克里孟梭对这一选择的提议得到了美国总统伍德罗o威尔逊的热情支持。

en-us	Yet, in the hall itself, Gehry reverts to tradition and designs a serene space for listening to music, axially planned and perfectly symmetrical.
zh-cn	然而，在演奏厅里，盖里回归了传统的设计手法，为聆听音乐提供了一个静谧的空间、清晰的轴线和完美的对称。

en-us	Yet, in truth, science is rarely so categorical.
zh-cn	然而，事实上，科学极少会如此斩截。

en-us	Yet, it is also the most fragmented. Unlike the giant manufacturing industries, the construction pie is shared by many thousands of smallish contractors and sub-contractors, mostly family owned.
zh-cn	但是，即使是这样也要避免不必要的细节估算。

en-us	Yet, it is also the most fragmented. Unlike the giant manufacturing industries, the construction pie is shared by many thousands of smallish contractors and sub-contractors, mostly family owned.
zh-cn	同大型的生产产业不同，建筑业这块馅饼被成千上万的小的承包商或者转承包商所分割，这些小企业大部分都是家族企业。

en-us	Yet, notwithstanding these limitations, abstract artists argued that their sculptures were capable of articulating the greatest of themes.
zh-cn	尽管有这些局限，抽象艺术家们却认为他们的雕塑作品胜任于表达那些最伟大的主题。很多评论家也表示认同。

en-us	Yet, of course, not everything we encounter becomes a prime-and at any given moment, most elements in our environments have no influence upon us at all.
zh-cn	当然，并不是我们遇到的一切都会成为启动物，反而在任何给定的时刻，环境中的大多数元素根本不会影响我们。

en-us	Yet, unlike landscape architecture or planning, urban design is not a profession with formal accreditation procedures and the accompanying institutional paraphernalia.
zh-cn	不过，与景观设计学和规划不同的是，城市设计并不是一个具有正式认证程序和配套机构设施的行业。

en-us	Yet, whenever these are analyzed, the great majority prove to be just symptoms - that is, manifestations of underlying basic situations.
zh-cn	然而，分析起来，这类问题绝大部分只是一种表面现象，是一些反映基本情况的表面现象。

en-us	Yield strength is the delimitation between elastic stage and plastic stage, which vary with the thickness for various grades. Section A 钢结构
zh-cn	屈服强度是弹性阶段和塑性阶段的分界点，它随着不同等级钢材的厚度而变化。

en-us	Yikeer Green Building Research Center (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
zh-cn	依柯尔绿色建筑研究中心（北京）有限公司

en-us	Yin ruins are not the only ancient memory of Anyang. Among the most famous are Xiuding Temple Pagoda, Lingquan Temple and Grottoes as well as Wenfeng Pagoda.
zh-cn	安阳除了殷墟以外还有许多的名胜古迹，著名的有修定寺塔、灵泉寺、石窟及文锋塔等。

en-us	Ying-zhou Island
zh-cn	瀛洲

en-us	Yingzhou is the biggest island in West Lake. Inside the island, there are small lakes and small islands connected by bridges.
zh-cn	小瀛洲，是西湖中最大的一个岛屿，小瀛洲湖中有湖，岛中有岛，岛间桥栏相接。

en-us	Yinshan Mountain is not only known for its particular mountain shape and structure, but famous for its great number of temples and pagodas.
zh-cn	银山不仅以山势构造奇特而著称，而且以寺多塔众而驰名。

en-us	Yinshan Mountain looks black and white, contrasting strongly, hence the name "Yinshan Mountain with Iron Wall".
zh-cn	银装素裹，黑白相间，反差强烈，故名“银山铁壁”。

en-us	Yishan's Records of Miscellaneous Things
zh-cn	义山杂纂

en-us	Yixuan took part in the "Xinyou Coup", and carried out the arrest of Sushun, the leader of the opposing party, which helped Cixi consolidate her dominant position.
zh-cn	他参与了辛酉政变，亲自捉拿了肃顺，奠定了慈禧的统治地位，

en-us	Yong'an Bridge in the Beihai Park
zh-cn	北海永安桥

en-us	Yongding River
zh-cn	永定河

en-us	Yonghegong Lama Temple is the largest and best preserved temple of Tibetan Buddhism, and Falun Hall is one of the most important halls in this temple.
zh-cn	是北京规模最大、保存最完好的藏传佛教寺院，法轮殿是雍和宫中最为重要的殿宇之一。

en-us	Yonghegong Lama Temple was built in the 33rd year of Kangxi (1694).
zh-cn	雍和宫建于清康熙三十三年（1694年），

en-us	Yongtong Bridge
zh-cn	永通桥

en-us	Yongtong Bridge and Stone Road Stele
zh-cn	永通桥及石道碑

en-us	Yongtong Bridge and the stone road stele were announced as a historical and cultural site under Beijing protection by the Peoples Government of Beijing Municipality in 1984.
zh-cn	1984年，永通桥及石道碑被北京由人民政府公布为北京市文物保护单位。

en-us	Yongtong Bridge is the only large stone arch bridge built over the Tonghui River, known as the channel of transporting reserves to Beijing by land.
zh-cn	永通桥是通惠河上建造的唯一的一座大型石拱桥，史称“陆运京储之通道”。

en-us	Yongtong Bridge was a gateway to Beijing city from the east of capital.
zh-cn	永通桥是京东入城咽喉，

en-us	Yongtong Bridge was the most important bridge in the east of the capital.
zh-cn	永通桥是京城东面最重要的桥梁，

en-us	Yongtong Bridge, Lugou Bridge, Chaozong Bridge, Maju Bridge and Anji Bridge are jointly known as the Five Bridges Guarding the Capital.
zh-cn	它与卢沟桥、朝宗桥、马驹桥、安济桥合称为“拱卫京师五大桥梁”。

en-us	Yongzheng spent most of his remaining years in the Yuanming Yuan. He rarely left the garden.
zh-cn	雍正在圆明园内度过他大半生的时间，他很少离开这座宫苑。

en-us	Yongzheng was kind and gracious enough to exempt them from attending early morning meetings in the Yuanming Yuan.
zh-cn	雍正仁慈宽厚，恩准老臣不必出席圆明园的早朝。

en-us	Yongzheng's secretive court life and sudden death inevitably caused rumors.
zh-cn	雍正隐秘的宫廷生活及突然辞世，无可避免地引起许多谣言。

en-us	Yongzheng's successors continued to use the Yuanming Yuan as the imperial garden, and it inevitably superseded Kangxi's Joyful Spring Garden.
zh-cn	雍正之后的帝王们继续把圆明园用作皇家御园，无可避免地取代了康熙的畅春园。

en-us	Yongzheng’s secretive court life and sudden death inevitably caused rumors.
zh-cn	雍正隐秘的宫廷生活及突然辞世，无可避免地引起许多谣言。

en-us	Yongzheng’s successors continued to use the Yuanming Yuan as the imperial garden, and it inevitably superseded Kangxi’s Joyful Spring Garden.
zh-cn	雍正之后的帝王们继续把圆明园用作皇家御园，无可避免地取代了康熙的畅春园。

en-us	You approach it via an extraordinary sequence of routes: first a road, then stepped terraces and finally symmetrical, arching oval ramps that set a precedent for the Paris Opéra centuries later.
zh-cn	若想进入庄园，则要按照顺序走一条特殊路线：首先需走过一条林荫道，而后越过台地，最后还要穿过两条对称的拱形斜坡（它为几世纪之后的巴黎歌剧院开创了先例）。

en-us	You approach the mausoleum over a long road on the banks of the RiverYamuna, through great mounds left by ancient ruins.
zh-cn	穿过亚穆纳河河岸的一条漫漫长路，通过古遗址留下的土丘，你接近陵墓。

en-us	You are undoubtedly aware that José Luis Sert, Chairman of the C. I.A.M., is Director of the Faculty of Architecture at Harvard."
zh-cn	你必定知道C.I.A.M.的主席路易斯•舍特，他是哈佛大学建筑系的主任。”

en-us	You are walking alone, lost in concentrated thought about an upcoming meeting.
zh-cn	你独自走着，还一心想着即将召开的会议。

en-us	You are wasting time, and money, and energy upon it, and though you exhaust centuries and treasuries, and break hearts for it, you will never raise it above the merest dilettanteism.
zh-cn	把它立即放弃。你们正在上面浪费时间，浪费金钱，浪费精力，即使你们耗尽时间和金钱，即使你们为之呕心沥血，你们也摆脱不了业余的境地。

en-us	You blanched; you held your breath. You experienced enough physical discomfort from the cold that your muscles further tensed, as you closed in on yourself in a protective stance.
zh-cn	你脸色发白，屏住呼吸，寒冷让你体验到的生理不适足以让你的肌肉进一步紧张，于是你以一种保护的姿态把自己裹了起来。

en-us	You bypass, without really seeing, New York's "alternate side of the street" parking signs, hear without really hearing the drone of passing cars on the nearby avenue.
zh-cn	虽然并没有看见，但你准确地绕过了纽约街头常见的"对面停车"标志，听着（虽然其实并没听到）附近大道路过的汽车发出的嗡嗡声。

en-us	You can get a few inches or you can get a few feet.
zh-cn	查尔斯·奥特洛夫雨量能够达到几十毫米甚至上百毫米。

en-us	You can get there by train. (airplane, ship, bus)
zh-cn	你可以乘火车（飞机、轮船、公共汽车）去。

en-us	You can imagine how it can't push in if you've got any rings built into the top, and so you can easily imagine cutting a…
zh-cn	你可以想象，一旦顶上有任何环形物，圆顶便不会向内挤压，因此很容易便能想象到…

en-us	You can make your travel arrangement in any branch of the CITS or CAAC. CITS—China International Travel Service
zh-cn	你可以在中国国际旅行社或中国民航总局的任何分理处办理旅行安排。

en-us	You can only build what someone pays you to build.
zh-cn	他们仅仅能建造雇主付钱要他们建造的建筑。

en-us	You can see it in complex projects like the World Conservation and Exhibitions Centre at the British Museum, and in his own home - a beautiful renovation of a 1960s house in Hampstead completed with his architect wife Susie, which won RIBA's Manser Medal in 2011.
zh-cn	你可以在一些复杂的项目中看到这些特质，比如大英博物馆的世界自然保护和展览中心，以及他自己的家--一栋位于汉普斯特的经过翻新的二十世纪六十年代的漂亮住宅，那是他与建筑师妻子苏茜一起完成的，这个项目在二〇一一年赢得了英国皇家建筑师学会的曼瑟奖。

en-us	You can see that all around this--this section of the rock they had been cutting with the hammer stones.
zh-cn	彼得·弗罗斯特：你可以看看这块石头周围，这就是他们用石锤切割过的剖面。

en-us	You can see that they’ve…
zh-cn	彼得·弗罗斯特：

en-us	You can see the decoration adapted freely in Victorian, and more especially the Georgian architecture of the USA and UK.
zh-cn	你能够看到在维多利亚时代自由使用的装饰，特别是在美国和英国乔治王朝时期的建筑。

en-us	You can see the same basic design in tall office buildings the world over; the structure is essentially the same, but clad in different skin.
zh-cn	世界各地的许多高楼大厦都有着相同的基本设计：它们的结构本质上是相同的，只是外观不同。

en-us	You can see the way that the timber, uh, would have been...
zh-cn	你能看到的方法是，原木，呃，会作为…

en-us	You can see them in the alienation and social exclusion that led a majority of voters in the UK to choose to leave the European Union, turning their back on the most exciting experiment in international social and economic collaboration to have emerged since the Second World War.
zh-cn	你可以在各种异化和社会排斥中看到它们，这导致大多数英国选民选择离开欧盟，放弃参与二战后出现的最令人兴奋的国际社会经济合作组织。

en-us	You can see them in the rise to prominence or even power of far-right politicians across Europe and the USA, in the rise of extreme nationalism and religion across the world.
zh-cn	你可以在欧洲和美国的极右政治人物的崛起中看到它们，也可以在极端民族主义和宗教主义在全世界的兴起中看到它们。

en-us	You can see them too in the US presidential election result, which has put an inexperienced demagogue in the White House, promising mass deportations, a roll-back of environmental legislation and a retreat to narrow nationalism.
zh-cn	在美国总统大选的结果中，你也能看到它们：白宫里坐着一位没有经验的政治煽动者，承诺将驱逐大量的移民，致使环保立法倒退，还使美国倒回了狭隘的民族主义。

en-us	You can send the letter by airmail (regular mail, registered mail).
zh-cn	你可以邮寄航空信（平信、挂号信）。

en-us	You can stand back and take in the Leaning Tower of Pisa, or the clock tower of the Palace of Westminster in London, just as you would any other building, but a skyscraper is different. Architects are often pictured with maquettes of tall buildings: Frank Lloyd Wright posed in his studio in front of a seven-foot-high model of the proposed San Francisco Call Building; Life magazine depicted Mies van der Rohe as an architectural Gulliver peering out between the twin towers of the Lake Shore Drive apartments; and a Time magazine cover showed Philip Johnson cradling a model of the AT&T Building like a proud father.
zh-cn	建筑师经常与高楼设计的模型合影：弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特（Frank Lloyd Wright）曾在一个两米高的旧金山中央大楼（San Francisco Call Building）的模型前摆造型；《生活》杂志形容密斯•凡德罗站在芝加哥湖滨大道公寓（Lake Shore Drive Apartment）的两栋模型中间，像《格列佛游记》中的巨人一样；还有《时代周刊》的封面照片，菲利普•约翰逊（Philip Johnson）像一位骄傲的父亲，抱着美国电话电报公司大楼（AT&T Building）的模型。

en-us	You can still see the hasty solution they came up with in the fabric of the cathedral today. JULIAN BENNETT (V/O):
zh-cn	今天，在教堂的内部结构中，你仍能看到他们匆忙补救的痕迹。

en-us	You can then understand the importance taken by the proportions, the dimensions given to this cube carried on pilotis.
zh-cn	现在你该明白这一部分所带来的重要性了，底层架空柱给出了这个立方体的尺度。

en-us	You cannot get the feeling by paying for it-money will not buy life.
zh-cn	花钱并不能得到这种感觉--金钱买不了生命。

en-us	You cannot help but think of bubbles if you find yourself looking at the Water Cube on Beijing's Olympic Green. And the sweeping lines of Hadid's Aquatics Centre evoke our sense of water's fluidity.
zh-cn	纽约拉斯克水池混凝土凉棚的锯齿状水平线也许会让人想起水波荡漾的画面，北京水立方让人不禁想到水上的泡沫，伦敦水上运动中心的连绵曲线让人感受到了水的流动。

en-us	You cannot. It is a monster.
zh-cn	它是一个怪物。

en-us	You can’t get anything in the joint in some of these places. The--the—
zh-cn	在一些地方的结合处，你任何东西都放不进去。

en-us	You certainly know that concrete and steel are static, heavy, and hard, just as surely as you know that water ripples, bubbles, and flows.
zh-cn	你肯定知道混凝土和钢铁是静止的、沉重的、坚硬的，正如你肯定知道水会泛涟漪、起气泡、会流动一样。

en-us	You could add or take away any use without compromising the concept; we would take our cues from modern art and music, allowing for improvisation and change, but using the framework to establish a constant rhythm.
zh-cn	你可以添加或改变任何功能而不影响整体概念。我们从现代艺术和音乐中获取灵感，允许即兴创作和变化，但使用框架来保持稳定的节奏。

en-us	You could also see the influence of Frank Lloyd Wright's Larkin Building, in the juxtaposition of the service towers and the top-lit central atrium space, and of Louis Kahn's Richards Medical Research Laboratories.
zh-cn	这个设计也受到了弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特在一九〇三年设计的位于纽约的拉金大厦的影响--将服务塔和中庭空间并列，以及位于费城的路易斯·康的理查德医学研究实验室的影响。

en-us	You could make this out of two pieces of wood and join them together in the middle, but as in everything at St. Paul’s, he didn’t want to cut corners.
zh-cn	用两根木头，在中间接起来就可以做成一个系梁了。但如同圣保罗大教堂的每一处细节，他不想敷衍了事。

en-us	You could never accuse Louis XIV of not knowing his own mind.
zh-cn	你不能指责路易十四不明白他自己的想法。

en-us	You cut it and crush it into what you will.
zh-cn	你把它雕凿出来，随意挤进任何东西中去。

en-us	You cut it out like butter, you shape it, and then it hardens like a rock. It lasts forever.
zh-cn	你可以像切黄油一样把它切开，你可以给它塑型，它可以变得像岩石一样坚硬，可以永久不变形。

en-us	You decide to run out.
zh-cn	当你模拟完这些，就决定跑出去。

en-us	You did. Why haven't you done anything about it?"
zh-cn	有这回事吗？怎么，还没有调？

en-us	You do not have to sacrifice beauty or function to a reduced budget, though money always helps, as my mother used to say.
zh-cn	正如我母亲常说的那样，尽管金钱总是有用的，可你不必为了减少预算而牺牲美观或功能。

en-us	You find them in the most unexpected of places, mysterious and unexplained.
zh-cn	你在最意想不到的地方发现它们，它们神秘而难以解释。

en-us	You had to take your life in your hands to get over the road, and there was nothing to do or see if you made it.
zh-cn	过马路时，你除了为自己捏一把汗之外什么也做不了，也不知道怎么过马路才是对的。

en-us	You have a sense that it's not weight bearing, that it's hardly there. 本尼森(BENNISON):
zh-cn	当你看它的时候，感觉它似乎在移动。

en-us	You have arrived. A vast, airy expanse washes around you, where stone surfaces reverberate the hushed shuffling of wandering feet.
zh-cn	你抵达了教堂，置身于一个宽敞而透风的大厅，它的石头表面反射着游弋脚步的窸窸窣窣声。

en-us	You have got to seek difference from similarity and vice versa, for only in this way can every garden in this nation stand on their own.
zh-cn	同中求不同，不同中求同，我国园林是各具风格的。

en-us	You have on your staff a young man, Joe Jones. Didn't you recommend six months ago that he be put in a job where he could acquire some merchandising experience?
zh-cn	你们分店中有一位姓钟的小伙子，我知道你半年前曾说过要把他调职，好让他增加一些推销经验。

en-us	You have the four eagles…
zh-cn	哈伊里埃·阿姆鲁这上面有四只鹰…

en-us	You have to do your homework before speaking there.
zh-cn	在那里发言之前，你必须先做充足的准备。

en-us	You have to expect cracking and warping.
zh-cn	罗本·泰勒断裂和变形是不可避免的。

en-us	You have to move through them to understand how they work, how they respond to landscape and light, how the relationship between inside and outside is expressed and resolved, how the play of light and shadow changes, brought to life by the sweeping lines of the buildings.
zh-cn	你必须穿过它们，才能了解它们如何运作，如何对景观和光线做出反应，如何表达和解决内部与外部的关系，如何通过建筑的线条来体现光和影的互动与变化。

en-us	You have your own diction, but you're still using most of the same words, most of the same grammar.
zh-cn	你有自己的措辞方式，但是仍然使用差不多相同的词汇，以及差不多相同的语法。

en-us	You have...
zh-cn	达米安•埃文斯:你拥有…

en-us	You just have two ladders. You just keep leap-frogging one ladder in front of the other and you can go all over the countryside.
zh-cn	而这也意味着你不能像想象中那样走路，因为有两把梯子在你的脚下，你就要保持跳蛙式的前进方式，你要一路这样走过去。

en-us	You know the route well, and people consistently estimate familiar journeys to be shorter than unfamiliar ones of equal distance, probably because the latter require more mental exertion to navigate.
zh-cn	你熟悉这条路线，而人们对熟悉的路线一般都会觉得更短--与同样长度但不熟悉的路线相比，也许是因为不熟悉的路线在心理上摸索的时候更费力。

en-us	You know too that the keyholes of such chests are concealed under a button or under a leather tongue which also only responds to some secret pressure."
zh-cn	然而钥匙并非单独行动。你也知道，类似的箱子上的锁孔总藏在一个按钮或小舌底下，只有暗暗地用力才能叫它们服从。"

en-us	You know, it's been patched up to the point where it's stopped moving.
zh-cn	它被固定于一个无法移动的点上。

en-us	You know, when they were building the Gothic cathedrals, they would very often build them as high as they could before they started to fall down, and that was as high as they could get, and then they’d stop. NARRATOR (V/O):
zh-cn	你知道，人们建造哥特式大教堂时，常常会在它们倒塌之前尽可能高的去修建，能建多高就多高，然后才停止。

en-us	You live in a house, you work in an office, you send your kids to a school.
zh-cn	我们在房子里居住，在办公室里工作，在学校里上学。

en-us	You may contact the receptionist if you want to make a long distance call (to make overseas call, to send a overseas telegram).
zh-cn	如果你要打长途电话（海外电话、国际电报），可以与服务员联系.

en-us	You may make a model of a building as you may of a corpse, and your model may have the shell of the old walls within it as your cast might have the skeleton, with what advantage I neither see nor care; but the old building is destroyed, and that more totally and mercilessly than if it had sunk into a heap of dust, or melted into a mass of clay: more has been gleaned out of desolated Nineveh than ever will be out of re-built Milan.
zh-cn	你可以像模仿尸体做人体模型一样，模仿一座建筑；就像你的人体模型可以拥有死人的骨架一样，你的建筑也可以拥有旧墙的外壳，但是这样做有什么优点我却既看不出，也不关心：然而就建筑却给毁了，与变成一堆瓦砾或者化为一堆烂泥相比，被毁得更彻底、更无情。与重建的米兰相比，我们从荒芜的尼尼微收获更多。

en-us	You may or may not recall the frigid wind tunnel rushing around the surrounding buildings, or the revolting stench of uncollected garbage.
zh-cn	从周围建筑间的空当处穿过来的寒风，你可能记得也可能不记得，抑或是尚未收走的垃圾发出的令人作呕的恶臭。

en-us	You may telephone me at ten o'clock, my telephone number is 7(four –nine –—seven).
zh-cn	你可以在十点中给我打一个电话,我的电话号码是4907.这是电话号码本.

en-us	You might as well ask the wind. Carry him safely, dismiss him soon: he will thank you for nothing else.
zh-cn	将他安全运输，很快打发他走人：他只会为此而感激你。

en-us	You might like to consider whether they all fall under the rubric of 'improvement and place-making'.
zh-cn	你或许可以思考一下，它们是否都属于"改良和场地营造"的范畴。

en-us	You might then go on to Turin, Venice or Milan, and would certainly visit the art treasures of Florence.
zh-cn	你也可以游历都灵、威尼斯或米兰，当然也可以去领略佛罗伦萨的艺术珍宝。

en-us	You must not mix ornament with business, any more than you may mix play.
zh-cn	你千万别把装饰和正事混为一谈，这就如同不应当把玩耍和正事混为一谈一样。

en-us	You must think if a few hundred camels, if not thousands. DOUEK (CONT’D V/O):
zh-cn	并不只有五只骆驼，你必须得想象成百上千只骆驼的商队。

en-us	You must turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the motor.
zh-cn	如果电动机有什么毛病时，你必须关掉开关.

en-us	You must understand that there are several fish with such sharply pointed beaks that they would devour most of the above-mentioned fish if the latter's abodes were in a straight line: but when they are attacked by their enemies on the threshold, just as they are about to withdraw inside, they twist and turn in a spiral line and, in this way, the foe can do them no harm."
zh-cn	你应该知道，有好多种鱼，它们的嘴非常尖锐，使得它们能够吃到大部分鱼虾，假如后者的家宅是笔直的话；然而如果这些鱼虾被它们的敌人在家门口抓住的话，它们会往里面退，一边旋转一边后退，它们沿着螺旋线走，这样它们的敌人就不能伤害它们了"。

en-us	You need to pass it, or you're out.'
zh-cn	你需要通过考验，否则就出局。"

en-us	You notice that there are natural fissures in--in the rock, faults where…
zh-cn	彼得·弗罗斯特：你会发现在岩石上有很多自然的龟裂、断层…

en-us	You often hear people say, “Oh you can’t get a knife blade in the joint.”
zh-cn	文斯·李：你常会听人们说：“在结合处你连刀片都放不进去。”

en-us	You only need to look at the appalling architecture that lines the River Thames, London's greatest public space, to see the impact of this cheapening of the public realm, as urban development becomes a money machine, uninterested in environmental, aesthetic and social impact.
zh-cn	（[3]约翰·拉斯金（1819-1900），英国维多利亚时代主要的艺术评论家之一。）你只需要看一下泰晤士河沿岸的可怕建筑，就能看到这一公共领域日益廉价化的影响，因为城市开发成了一种赚钱机器，不再重视环境、审美和社会影响。

en-us	You open the refrigerator, notice that there's no milk for your morning coffee, and in an instant, decide to walk to the corner store.
zh-cn	你打开冰箱发现牛奶没了，而每天早晨你都要喝一杯加奶咖啡，于是你决定立即走路去街头小店。

en-us	You remain the same person, but nations, cultures, and streetscapes differ, and so too will your conduct and cognitions.
zh-cn	你始终是你自己，但是由于处在不同的国家和文化中，看着不同的街景，我们出现了不同的行为和认知。

en-us	You saw what you were looking at and you touched what you were touching.
zh-cn	想看见什么就看见什么，想摸到什么就摸到什么。

en-us	You see only the building in the distance."
zh-cn	只有拉开了距离，你才能看到整栋建筑。”

en-us	You sometimes have to lean into the wind to make progress.
zh-cn	有时进步也得依靠时机。

en-us	You start at the east end and build sections of your cathedral, which means you can get into the east end of the Choir and start holding services whilst the rest of the building is still a building…
zh-cn	从东侧开始，从各部分逐一建造。这意味着你可以进入东侧尾端的唱诗席进行礼拜。

en-us	You think at first that nothing’s…
zh-cn	你起初的时候会认为…

en-us	You will find the answers to all of these questions, and many more besides, in the following pages.
zh-cn	在接下来的文章中，你会发现这些问题的所有答案以及许多其他的东西。

en-us	You will have to pass it through the fire of much thought before you will cleanse it, and warm it with much love before it will revive.
zh-cn	你必须利用思想的大火加以熔炼，才能使它得到净化，必须用大量的爱意对它进行温暖，才能使它复活。

en-us	You will know from the control charts that came along with the product, far better than any inspection can tell you, what the distribution of quality is, and what it will be tomorrow.
zh-cn	你从产品控制图上知道的，远比从任何检查中知道的更好，现在质量怎样分布，明天将是怎样的结果。

en-us	You will lose perfection of color as you give perfection of line.
zh-cn	你在得到完美的线条时，必将失去完美的色彩。

en-us	You will notice in the Alhambra… 本尼森(BENNISON):
zh-cn	你会注意到在阿兰布拉宫……

en-us	You will realize that it affects you, your children, everybody in profound ways that you never imagined.
zh-cn	你会意识到，你的世界对你和你的孩子，甚至对每一个人的影响，都深刻得超乎你原有的想象。

en-us	You will recognise part of the building in Figure 9.2 here, with the vertical floor loading and the horizontal wind loading. Sometimes the stiffnesses of the joints are accentuated by thickenings in the connections, but generally they are omitted.
zh-cn	图9.1（a）中的桁架是一座桥梁的力学模型，由于在桁架结构中节点都被定义为铰节点，所以代表铰节点的圆圈常被省略掉。

en-us	You will see sites which superficially appear to be sort of squared off stones, but if you study them carefully, they aren’t square at all.
zh-cn	如果你从表面上看，有些是方块的石头，但如果你仔细研究，它们根本不是方形的。

en-us	You wonder if Le Vau, who abandoned the normal steep French roof style at Versailles for an Italianate flat balustraded roof, was trying to evoke the powers of the Roman Caesars.
zh-cn	你想知道是否在凡尔赛宫放弃正常的法式陡峭屋顶、采用意大利平栏杆屋顶的勒沃是在试图唤起罗马恺撒的力量。如果是这样的话，象征并没有就此止步。

en-us	You would be able to read in every component the process of manufacturing and construction, and the part it plays in the building.
zh-cn	人们可以在每一个构件中看到制造和建造的过程，以及它在建筑中所扮演的角色。

en-us	You would have had like a spout coming, uh, into the splash, uh, basin down below, and no doubt this is where people took water to drink and also to bathe.
zh-cn	你也许会喜欢泉水喷涌而出，飞溅起水花，流到这里。毫无疑问，这就是取水饮用和沐浴的地方。

en-us	You would have had people sitting around the edges of the court on cushions or carpets, looking out… 本尼森(BENNISON):
zh-cn	可以让人们坐在宫廷边缘的坐垫或是地毯上，望向四周……

en-us	You would like to interest the reader in yourself, whereas you have unlocked a door to daydreaming.
zh-cn	你想要使读者对你自己发生兴趣，但你却微微开启了一扇通往梦想的门。

en-us	You would like to tell everything about your room.
zh-cn	你想要说出关于你卧室的一切。

en-us	You would not put rings on the fingers of a smith at his anvil.
zh-cn	铁匠在干活时，你绝不会把戒指戴到他的手上。

en-us	You'll find great changes here. They are worthwhile seeing.
zh-cn	你将会发现这里发生了巨大的变化。

en-us	You'll hear a lot of people tell you that if you take the keystone out of an arch, an arch will fall over, and of course this is true.
zh-cn	埃德·麦卡恩：很多人都说，如果拆下圆拱的拱心石，圆拱就会倒塌，当然这是真的。

en-us	You'll see how many fine autographs you will collect'.
zh-cn	您会看到您将收集到多少漂亮的签名。"

en-us	You'll see how many fine autographs you will collect.
zh-cn	您会发现将能够搜集到许多优美的亲笔签名。

en-us	You're running against the clock.
zh-cn	埃德·麦卡恩你必须分秒必争。

en-us	You've got the great big lump that's sitting above you, the 10s of metres of rock, all of which are weighing down on top of this hole, and their loads have to be transmitted somewhere, and what happens is the-- the loads will follow the stiffest path effectively…
zh-cn	埃德·麦卡恩它顶着上面给予的巨大负担，数十米高的岩块，这些全都向着空洞的大厅施加压力，这些压力必须得转移出去，于是就出现这种情况—这些压力会顺着最结实的负荷通道传递…

en-us	Young Raphael idolized Leonardo and managed to get along with Michelangelo (which by all accounts was no mean feat).
zh-cn	拉斐尔年轻时十分崇拜达·芬奇，也曾想方设法接近米开朗基罗（但据大家所说，事实上并不如他所期望的那样融洽）。

en-us	Young engineers may choose to go into environmental or sanitary engineering, for example, where environmental concerns have created many openings; or they may choose construction firms that specialize in highway work; or they may prefer to work with one of the government agencies that deal with water resources.
zh-cn	年轻的工程师可以选择从事环境工程，例如关注环境的地方有许多岗位，或者选择专门从事公路工作的施工企业或者与某个政府机构一起解决水资源问题。

en-us	Young man, said my manager, don't get carried away. I am not unaware of the riches that we have up in the stores; but there is no way we can display them.
zh-cn	年轻人，别犯傻，我的管理者如是说，"我并非没有意识到仓库里有多少财富，但我们绝不能展出它们。

en-us	Young men whose schooling had immersed them in Latin literature therefore learnt to appreciate the ruins of Roman buildings, and the splendours of Italian art and countryside.
zh-cn	年轻人所受的学校教育就已经使他们受到拉丁文学的熏陶，因而他们也学会了欣赏古罗马建筑的遗迹、意大利艺术的瑰丽以及郊野风景的五彩斑斓。这也是他们长大成人的一个重要环节。

en-us	Youngman meanwhile became involved with the Central Electricity Generating Board's controversial plans for a nuclear power station at Sizewell on the Essex coast in 1958.
zh-cn	与此同时，扬曼参与了1958年中央电力局在埃塞克斯沿海的赛玆韦尔建设核电站的争议性规划。

en-us	Youngman was involved here too: it was his suggestion that the American-style grid of roads should be softened into a pliable mesh flowing with the landscape.
zh-cn	扬曼也参与了这一项目，他建议美式的网格道路应该柔化为随着景观而流动的柔韧网状结构。

en-us	Your answer will be as singular as you are.
zh-cn	你的答案会跟你自己一样那么独特。

en-us	Your appraisals are not even interested in this."
zh-cn	而你们的考评制度，却根本不重视这一点。”

en-us	Your block-long walk from your apartment to the neighborhood grocer subjected you to stinky garbage and a tunnel of frigid winds.
zh-cn	你走过一个街区，从公寓来到街头小店，途中遇到了恶臭的垃圾、刺骨的寒风。

en-us	Your body will rest here.'
zh-cn	你的身体将在这里休憩。”

en-us	Your cooperation means much to us
zh-cn	你们的合作对我们是很重要的。

en-us	Your cooperation means much to us.
zh-cn	你们的合作对我们是很重要的。

en-us	Your first assignment is due in ten days.
zh-cn	你的第一个任务的截止日期是十天后。

en-us	Your gift may be given in an unpresuming way.
zh-cn	你的礼物可以用一种不那么傲慢的方式送出。

en-us	Your heart banishes you from yourself, your heart pursues you, and you are already almost beside yourself, and you can't stand it any longer.
zh-cn	接下去是哪里，接下去是哪里？你的心把你驱赶出你自身，你的心追赶着你，你几乎已经在自身之外，你不行了。

en-us	Your jumping onto horses was lively and yesterday swift.
zh-cn	你们跳上马匹的动作生动有力，一如既往的迅捷。

en-us	Your life, and the lives of those you love, would be different-just as it would be different if you lived in a dark, characterless, cramped, windowless box, located somewhere in an undifferentiated thicket of high-rise towers.
zh-cn	你和你亲人的生活会有所不同--如果你置身于一个高楼林立的地方，你住在其中一栋高楼的一间毫无特色又阴暗、狭窄的鸽子笼里，那么你的生活同样会有所不同。

en-us	Your side must compensate us for our loss.
zh-cn	你方必须赔偿我们的损失。

en-us	Your side will be held responsible for all the consequences arising there from.
zh-cn	由此产生的一切后果由你方负责。

en-us	Your skin registers the stone's rough surfaces and the silver sculpture's smoothness and warmth, activating memories of our past experiences with textured stone and metal.
zh-cn	你的皮肤会记下石头的粗糙表面和银雕的光滑和温暖，激活我们过去体验的带有纹理的石头和金属时的记忆。

en-us	Your suggestion suits us. We agree.
zh-cn	你的建议适合我们，我们同意。

en-us	Your survival depends on good design.
zh-cn	我们的生存有赖于优秀的设计。

en-us	Your ten-year responsibility is at stake and I have no need to foot the bill.
zh-cn	您10年以来的信誉遭遇了危机，而我也无需付清账单。

en-us	Yours, Le Corbusier."
zh-cn	您的勒•柯布西耶。”

en-us	Yours, mine, or someone else's?"
zh-cn	无从知晓。”

en-us	Youshengjiao Temple, located in Tongzhou District, was built in the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
zh-cn	佑圣教寺位于今通州区，建于北周时期。

en-us	Youzhou says: relic was placed in Hongye Temple in March 26th."
zh-cn	幽州表云：三月二十六日,于宏业寺安置舍利”。

en-us	You’ll never see that in an Inca building. NARRATOR (V/O):
zh-cn	但是这一点，你在印加建筑中绝对不会看到。

en-us	You’re fighting the stone’s…
zh-cn	你需要一直……

en-us	You’ve got to keep the flow of materials arriving, so that they’re in the right place at the right time for the…
zh-cn	而在工地无所事事。建材必须不断地及时到位…

en-us	Yu Cheng
zh-cn	俞澂

en-us	Yu Dafu
zh-cn	郁达夫

en-us	Yu Jizhi
zh-cn	余继之

en-us	Yu Mingheng
zh-cn	俞铭衡

en-us	Yu Minzhong 1985, 3:1354; Yuanming Yuan Sishijing Tuyong 1985, 41). The bridge was made of broken rocks in dozens of different shapes, some of which are still visible at the present-day ruin site.
zh-cn	这座断桥是由数十种不同形式的碎石建造出来，残存的部分桥身仍然可以在今天的遗址中看到。

en-us	Yu Tongkui
zh-cn	俞同奎

en-us	Yu Xin
zh-cn	庾信

en-us	Yu Yue
zh-cn	俞樾

en-us	Yu Zhenfei
zh-cn	俞振飞

en-us	Yu Zonghai
zh-cn	俞宗海

en-us	Yuan Mei 1892, 1a-29a). The gourmet in the imperial garden could not be less sophisticated or extravagant than Yuan Mei in his Sui Garden, not to mention that the scale of culinary operations had to be much greater.
zh-cn	圆明园里的膳食在品位和排场上，不可能比袁枚在他随园内的膳食来得逊色，其烹饪的规模必定是更为铺张，这是不用赘言的。

en-us	Yuan Mei 1892, 1a–29a). The gourmet in the imperial garden could not be less sophisticated or extravagant than Yuan Mei in his Sui Garden, not to mention that the scale of culinary operations had to be much greater.
zh-cn	圆明园里的膳食在品位和排场上，不可能比袁枚在他随园内的膳食来得逊色，其烹饪的规模必定是更为铺张，这是不用赘言的。

en-us	Yuan Zhongdao
zh-cn	袁中道

en-us	Yuan's Garden
zh-cn	员园

en-us	Yuanming Yuan Sishijing Tuyong 1985, 10-27). The scenes on the nine islets arguably constituted the best of the Forty Views.
zh-cn	有人认为，"九州"之岛的景观是四十景当中最漂亮的。

en-us	Yuanming Yuan Sishijing Tuyong 1985, 10–27). The scenes on the nine islets arguably constituted the best of the Forty Views.
zh-cn	有人认为，“九州”之岛的景观是四十景当中最漂亮的。

en-us	Yuanmingliterally means "round and brilliant," implying perfection and excellence; however, the name actually alludes to Buddhist wisdom.
zh-cn	圆明这两个字在字义上是"圆融和普照"，意味着完美和至善，但事实上这个名字是佛语。

en-us	Yuhua (Rain Flower) Pavilion is in the west of the Six Western Palaces of the Forbidden City, facing south.
zh-cn	雨花阁位于故宫西六宫的西侧，坐北朝南，

en-us	Yuhua Pavilion became the symbol of the temple in the palace of the Qing Dynasty and represented the dominant ideology that Gelu Sect was worshiped as the Orthodox Esoteric Buddhism and the longevity was prayed according to the thoughts of Western Paradise Pure Land.
zh-cn	雨花阁成为清宫佛堂中的标志，代表着清宫佛堂主导思想，即奉密宗教派格鲁派为正统教派和祈求长寿的西方极乐净土思想。

en-us	Yuhua Pavilion highlights the rich Tibetan Buddhist architectural style and its construction style is combined with the pavilionstyle of North China into a unique shape.
zh-cn	雨花阁的建筑，凸显浓郁的藏传佛教建筑风格，并与北方楼阁式建筑巧妙地结合为一体，形制独特。

en-us	Yuhua Pavilion in the Forbidden City
zh-cn	故宫雨花阁

en-us	Yuhua Pavilion in the Forbidden City -- Pagoda on Roof Ridge
zh-cn	故宫雨花阁——殿顶脊中塔

en-us	Yuhua Pavilion is the highest building in the region.
zh-cn	雨花阁是该区域内的最高建筑，

en-us	Yuhua Pavilion is the most complete of the existing Four Tibetan Esoteric Buddhism temples.
zh-cn	雨花阁是我国现存最完整的藏密四部神殿，

en-us	Yuhua Pavilion, facing south, has an external architectural form of Chinese-style pavilion with double eaves, three bays wide and deep.
zh-cn	雨花阁坐北朝南，外部建筑形式为汉式重檐四角攒尖顶楼阁式建筑。下层面阔、进深各三间。

en-us	Yulan Magnolia Hall
zh-cn	玉兰堂

en-us	Yulong's Flower Garden
zh-cn	玉龙花苑

en-us	Yun Ge
zh-cn	恽格

en-us	Yun Ge (1633-1690) says again of painting, Charm lies in natural grace and elegance, Delight stems from wonderful variations.
zh-cn	恽寿平论画又云：“潇洒风流谓之韵，尽变奇穷谓之趣。”

en-us	Yun Ge (1633-1690) says of coloration in painting, Blue and green are heavy colors. They gain richness easily, but are difficult to achieve lightness, and even more difficult to attain richness upon hard-to-come-by lightness.
zh-cn	恽寿平论画：“青绿重色，为浓厚易，为浅淡难，为浅淡矣，而愈见浓厚为尤难。”

en-us	Yun Ge was actually writing about what he personally saw in this renowned garden from a painter's point of view. If those engaged in garden restoration can gain from his descriptions some insight into the garden's conception, they must belong in the erudite category.
zh-cn	以画人之笔，记名园之景，修复者能悟此境界，固属高手。

en-us	Yunju Temple, facing east from west, with waters in its front and with mountains around, was built from the 1st year to the 14th year of the Daye of the Sui Dynasty (605-618).
zh-cn	云居寺，坐西朝东，环山面水，始建于隋大业元年至十四年间（605—618年），

en-us	Yuquan Hill In Haidian District is an area with most concentrated ancient pagodas built.
zh-cn	海淀区玉泉山是古塔建造最为集中的地方。

en-us	Yuquan Hills
zh-cn	玉泉山

en-us	Yusuf I has just suffered a terrible defeat.
zh-cn	优素福一世刚刚遭受了严重的失败。

en-us	Yusuf was just 36 years old.
zh-cn	优素福当时年仅36岁。

en-us	ZIGGURATS
zh-cn	金字形神塔

en-us	Zad is a television and media producer.
zh-cn	扎德是电视和媒体制作人。

en-us	Zad, Ben and Ab on the steps.
zh-cn	扎德、本和阿博。

en-us	Zaha Hadid's computer-rendered design for a new Performing Arts Centre in Abu Dhabi that looks out over the Persian Gulf
zh-cn	扎哈·哈迪德用电脑呈现的阿布扎比新表演艺术中心的设计图，该建筑俯瞰波斯湾。

en-us	Zaha Hadid's outstanding Aquatics Centre in London's Olympic Park, the delicacy and fluidity of its roof reflected in the elegant diving platfoms.
zh-cn	扎哈·哈迪德为伦敦奥林匹克公园设计的水上运动中心，精致而流畅的屋顶与优雅的跳水板交相辉映。

en-us	Zang Gu
zh-cn	臧谷

en-us	Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa. Cape Town, South Africa HEATHERWICK STUDIO
zh-cn	塞特兹非洲现代艺术博物馆，南非开普敦。

en-us	Zen-like, too, is a pristine lap pool set in the meadow next to a little wooden barnlike pool house.
zh-cn	草地里干净的小泳池和旁边像粮仓一样的小木屋也构成了一种禅意。

en-us	Zeng Pu
zh-cn	曾朴

en-us	Zhang Dai
zh-cn	张岱

en-us	Zhang Dai, a Ming writer, once saw a white rock on the ground, 10 feet tall and 20 feet wide, and found it "crazy and wonderfully crazy"; he also saw a black rock, 8 feet wide and 15 feet tall, looking "skinny and wonderfully skinny" (1982, 59).
zh-cn	明代作家张岱曾经在旷野上看到一块10英尺（约3米）高、20英尺（约6米）宽的白色石头，并觉得它"痴，痴妙"；他还看到一块8英尺（约2.4米）宽、15英尺（约4.6米）高的黑色石头，看来"瘦，瘦妙"。

en-us	Zhang Dai, a Ming writer, once saw a white rock on the ground, 10 feet tall and 20 feet wide, and found it “crazy and wonderfully crazy”; he also saw a black rock, 8 feet wide and 15 feet tall, looking “skinny and wonderfully skinny” (1982, 59).
zh-cn	明代作家张岱曾经在旷野上看到一块10英尺（约3米）高、20英尺（约6米）宽的白色石头，并觉得它“痴，痴妙”；他还看到一块8英尺（约2.4米）宽、15英尺（约4.6米）高的黑色石头，看来“瘦，瘦妙”。

en-us	Zhang Guotai
zh-cn	张国泰

en-us	Zhang Lian
zh-cn	张涟

en-us	Zhang Lian (1587-1673), a prominent rockery architect during the Ming-Qing transition, advocates the use of level ridges, small slopes, and high mounds to bring man's landscaping and gardening efforts close to nature.
zh-cn	明末清初叠山家张南垣主张用平冈小陂、陵阜陂阪，也就是要使园林山水接近自然。

en-us	Zhang Lun
zh-cn	张伦

en-us	Zhang Lüqian
zh-cn	张履谦

en-us	Zhang Nanyang
zh-cn	张南阳

en-us	Zhang Ran
zh-cn	张然

en-us	Zhang Yuan
zh-cn	张爰

en-us	Zhang Ze
zh-cn	张泽

en-us	Zhangjiawan Town was built in the 43rd year of the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty (1564).
zh-cn	张家湾城建于明嘉靖四十三年（1564年），

en-us	Zhangjiawan is an ancient town in the east of Beijing.
zh-cn	张家湾为京东古镇，

en-us	Zhao Chaozong worked hard to build the bridge.
zh-cn	赵朝宗兢兢业业修桥，

en-us	Zhao Guang [presumably Choo Laou-yays (Zhao Laoye, or Gentleman Zhao) in Parkes' statement], president of the Board of Justice (Xingbu), stated in his unpublished autobiography that Prince Yi seized Parkes and other European prisoners, and they were the first foreign prisoners he had ever received.
zh-cn	刑部尚书赵光在他那部未刊自传中透露，怡亲王所逮捕的巴夏礼和其他欧洲俘虏，是他所接收的第一批外国囚犯。

en-us	Zhao Guang [presumably Choo Laou-yays (Zhao Laoye, or Gentleman Zhao) in Parkes’ statement], president of the Board of Justice (Xingbu), stated in his unpublished autobiography that Prince Yi seized Parkes and other European prisoners, and they were the first foreign prisoners he had ever received.
zh-cn	刑部尚书赵光在他那部未刊自传中透露，怡亲王所逮捕的巴夏礼和其他欧洲俘虏，是他所接收的第一批外国囚犯。

en-us	Zhao Haishan
zh-cn	赵海山

en-us	Zhao Yiwang
zh-cn	赵翼王

en-us	Zhao Zhibi
zh-cn	赵之璧

en-us	Zhao's Mansion
zh-cn	赵宅

en-us	Zhaolian 1980, 374-375). The presence of the emperor, royalty, and prestigious officials definitely required large garden kitchens.
zh-cn	生活在圆明园里的皇帝、皇族和重臣肯定需要一座大型的宫苑厨房，为他们服务。

en-us	Zhaolian 1980, 374–375). The presence of the emperor, royalty, and prestigious officials definitely required large garden kitchens.
zh-cn	生活在圆明园里的皇帝、皇族和重臣肯定需要一座大型的宫苑厨房，为他们服务。

en-us	Zheng He, originally named Ma He, was a eunuch in the Ming dynasty.
zh-cn	郑和，明朝人，原名马和，从小就在皇宫中作了太监。

en-us	Zheng Xiaru
zh-cn	郑侠如

en-us	Zheng Xie
zh-cn	郑燮

en-us	Zheng Xie was a professional calligrapher, but his paintings, like a garden constructed by an engineer rather than a garden crafter, fall short of lasting appeal because, owing to his stress on brushwork and neglect of nuance in ink application, his paintings have plenty of bones but little flesh.
zh-cn	板桥（郑燮）学石涛，有骨而无肉，重笔而少墨。盖板桥以书家作画，正如工程家构园，终少韵味。

en-us	Zheng Yuanhua
zh-cn	郑元化

en-us	Zheng Yuansi
zh-cn	郑元嗣

en-us	Zheng Yuanxun
zh-cn	郑元勋

en-us	Zhengang Pagoda
zh-cn	镇岗塔

en-us	Zhengang Pagoda is a nine-floor solid brick flower pagoda of dense-eaves, short and stocky, facing south from north, 18-meter-high. Its plane was octagonal with sides of 3 meters wide, 24 meters in circumference.
zh-cn	镇岗塔是一座九级密檐式砖砌实心花塔，低矮敦实，坐北朝南，平面呈八角形，通高18米，塔每边3米，周长24米。

en-us	Zhenjue Temple was built around the King Kong Throne Pagoda.
zh-cn	真觉寺整体建筑群的格局，是以金刚宝座塔为中心规划建造的，

en-us	Zhenjue Temple was built in the Ming Yongle period.
zh-cn	真觉寺始建于明永乐年间。

en-us	Zhishan Bridge in the Beihai Park
zh-cn	北海陟山桥

en-us	Zhiyu Bridge in the Summer Palace
zh-cn	颐和园知鱼桥

en-us	Zhong Xing
zh-cn	钟惺

en-us	Zhong Xing (1574-1624) says in his "Notes on the Plum Flower Villa": Herein lies a water-bound garden.
zh-cn	明人钟伯敬既撰《梅花墅记》：“园于水。

en-us	Zhongdu City
zh-cn	中都

en-us	Zhou Fu
zh-cn	周馥

en-us	Zhou Fu (1837-1921), who was appointed viceroy of present-day Jiangsu, Anhui and Jiangxi provinces in 1904, the thirtieth year of the Guangxu reign (1875-1908) of the Qing, and became viceroy of Guangdong and Guangxi in 1906, rebuilt the garden on an estate he bought from Xu Naiguang (1859-1922) in 1897.
zh-cn	清光绪二十年后，官僚两江两广总督周馥购自徐姓重修而成。至民国初年复经一度修整。

en-us	Zhou Jixiang (1441-1492) was born in the 6th year of Zhengtong in the Ming Dynasty (1441) in Shuntian, Changping County.
zh-cn	周吉祥（1441—1492年），顺天府昌平县人，

en-us	Zhou Jixiang Pagoda
zh-cn	周吉祥塔

en-us	Zhou Jixiang Pagoda is located in Gushankou Village of Shangtangshan in Fangshan District.
zh-cn	周吉祥塔位于北京市房山区上方山下孤山口村，

en-us	Zhou Jixiang Pagoda was built in the 12th year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1499).
zh-cn	周吉祥塔始建于明弘治十二年（1499年），

en-us	Zhou Jixiang rose from an ordinary monk to a senior official and mean while served as the abbot of two monasteries surely because of Empress Dowager Zhou.
zh-cn	周吉祥从一名普通僧人成为明弘治初年的高官，同时还兼任两处寺庙的住持，自然是因为孝肃周太后的缘故。

en-us	Zhou Mi
zh-cn	周密

en-us	Zhou Xian
zh-cn	周暹

en-us	Zhou Xiang
zh-cn	周庠

en-us	Zhou Xuliang
zh-cn	周煦良

en-us	Zhu Changwen
zh-cn	朱长文

en-us	Zhu Jiajin
zh-cn	朱家溍

en-us	Zhu Mian
zh-cn	朱勔

en-us	Zhu Yunming
zh-cn	祝允明

en-us	Zhu Ziqing
zh-cn	朱自清

en-us	Zhuangzi
zh-cn	庄子

en-us	Zigzagging Trails on a Cloudy Causeway
zh-cn	芝径云堤

en-us	Zither Playing Verandah
zh-cn	午韵轩

en-us	Zoning laws that discourage density and cordon residential areas off from workplaces, light industry, and even retail establishments force even enlightened developers to overcome extra hurdles to make vibrant suburban communities.
zh-cn	如果分区规范不鼓励高密度，而且要求住宅区与工作区、轻工业甚至零售店隔开，那么即使是最开明的开发商，也不得不克服额外的障碍，才能造出充满活力的近郊社区。

en-us	Zumthor and Norten are no less disciplined than Mies, but a scrim, which both reveals and conceals, allows them to enliven their architecture by embracing life rather than constraining it.4
zh-cn	卒姆托和诺尔腾的考虑并不比密斯少，但是既暴露又隐约的纱幕让他们通过拥抱生活来让建筑富有生气，而不是像密斯一样，约束生活。

en-us	Zumthor, a Swiss architect, embraces multisensory experience as a critical component in his endeavor to create emotionally resonant places.
zh-cn	卒姆托认为，多感官体验是项目引起情感共鸣的关键所在。这必然要求设计师从总体形态到最微妙、最细小甚至看不见的细节进行项目设计。

en-us	Zuo Si
zh-cn	左思

en-us	[...]
zh-cn	……

en-us	[100] Most single-grave inhumations of the second half of the third millennium BC are of people who have died without violence, but this was a rare exception.
zh-cn	(3)在公元前2500年—前2000年的单人墓中，所埋之人绝大多数并非死于暴力，但此处是个罕见的例外。

en-us	[101] All three arrows are missing their tips.
zh-cn	(4)三支箭的箭头都不在原处了。

en-us	[102] If it was not the dead archer himself, then more likely it was his killers who controlled access to Stonehenge.
zh-cn	(5)如果死去的弓箭手不是掌握着巨石阵入口的人，那么射中他的人就很可能是了。

en-us	[103] The burial has been radiocarbon dated to 2470–2280 BC (almost precisely contemporary with the burial in the Stonehenge ditch).
zh-cn	(6)对墓葬进行放射性碳测年后，其年代落在公元前2470年—前2280年（几乎同巨石阵沟渠内的墓葬时代完全相同）。

en-us	[104]
zh-cn	(7)

en-us	[105] This study showed that the foot bones of both skeletons were affected by a medical condition known as 'bilateral non-osseous calcaneo-navicular coalition'.
zh-cn	(8)结果显示两者的足骨都患有一种名为“双向非骨组织根骨舟状骨附合”的病症。

en-us	[106] This discovery is important, because it tells us that the new networks of power and control that started to appear after 2500 BC did not spring up out of nowhere.
zh-cn	(9)这个发现至关重要，它证明了公元前2500年后显现出的新权力关系网并非凭空出现。

en-us	[107]
zh-cn	(10)

en-us	[108] One suspects that the intention was to 'freshen up' the pale (and in places natural), chalky banks, which defined the edges of the processional way, wherever they had become obscured by turf growth.
zh-cn	(1)有人推测这次开挖的目的是“清理”发灰（有些地方是自然发灰）的白垩堤岸，它们原本被用来勾勒行进路线的边界，却因为草木生长变得不那么明显。

en-us	[109] Another unusual feature was the discovery, at the bottom of many holes, of fragments of bluestone (and of sarsen), which Professor Atkinson in the 1950s believed had been placed there, probably as offerings.
zh-cn	(2)还有一件事不同寻常：许多洞的底部都有蓝砂岩（以及砂岩）的碎片，阿特金森教授在20世纪50年代提出，这些碎片很可能是放置在此处的祭品。

en-us	[10] Currently the best estimates suggest there were between ten and thirty houses there at any one time.
zh-cn	(5)现在人们推测那里曾持续存在着10到30座房屋。

en-us	[110] Today most prehistorians would, perhaps reluctantly, agree with Atkinson's suggestion that the Y and Z Holes had been dug to receive yet another setting of bluestones – but that this simply failed to happen.
zh-cn	(3)现在的史前学者恐怕也都勉强同意阿特金森的推断，即Y洞和Z洞原本要承接另一组蓝砂岩，只不过后来没有实现。

en-us	[112] The informal but closely packed line of over twenty barrows included four that contained exceptionally rich grave goods.
zh-cn	(5)整个墓葬群有超过20座墓冢，看似随意却又紧密地排列成一行，其中4座都伴有特别丰厚的随葬品。

en-us	[114] The angle of the sunlight was perfect and he was about to take the picture, when suddenly his gaze fell on some much shallower carvings beneath and around the man's name. It must have been a magical moment.
zh-cn	就如同奇迹时刻一般，他迅速辨认出那是青铜时代早期的短剑和几把平斧(vii)留下的痕迹，因为它们都是弧形刀锋朝上。

en-us	[115] In addition Stonehenge has revealed three carvings of bronze daggers.
zh-cn	(8)另外，人们在巨石阵中还发现了三处由青铜短剑留下的刻痕。

en-us	[117]
zh-cn	(10)

en-us	[119] To modern eyes these axes all look vaguely similar, but to Early Bronze Age people every axe would soon have acquired its own identity – just as cars, bicycles or smartphones do today.
zh-cn	(12)对现代人来说，这些斧子看上去都大同小异，可是对青铜时代早期的人来说，每一把斧子都有自己的特征——就像今天的汽车、自行车或手机一样。

en-us	[11] They revealed four pit-like features, almost equally spaced out and arranged in a row some 35 metres (115 ft) long, which was aligned precisely east–west.
zh-cn	(6)他们发现了四个疑似灰坑，排成一排指向正东－西方向，延展开来达到35米长。

en-us	[121] In places where fields did not (yet) exist, the landscape was already divided up using permanent markers, such as barrows or cairns and strategically sited rock carvings.
zh-cn	(2)在尚未形成农田的区域，人们会用坟墓、堆石标或刻意的石刻标记等永久性标志来划分土地。

en-us	[122] Aerial photographs show that during the Bronze and Iron Ages, Britain was served by an elaborate system of roads and tracks.
zh-cn	(3)航空照片显示，在青铜和铁器时代，不列颠已经拥有成熟复杂的道路交通体系。

en-us	[123] Put another way, the necessity to maintain long-distance social cohesion had passed. Societies were becoming more integrated as the general population grew; regional communities had learnt to live together.
zh-cn	(4)换句话说，随着人口不断增加，社会变得愈加协调稳固，地域性的社群开始共生，维持长距离的社会联系已经失去了必要性。

en-us	[124]
zh-cn	(5)

en-us	[125] This would have involved not just one or two farmers but entire communities, as the fields were positioned to offer each landholder (usually a family) some of the best, some of the average and some of the worst-quality land.
zh-cn	(6)田地的分布状况表明，每一位土地所有者（通常是一个家庭）都同时拥有较好、平常和较差的土地，因此，农田的分配不可能只涉及一两个农民，整个社群一定都投入其中。

en-us	[126] It also links the management of land to earlier arrangements where open grazing would have been parcelled up between different families, whose territories, or holdings, were separated by burial mounds.
zh-cn	(7)如今的土地规划也与早期的分配方式有关，因为游牧区被划分给不同的家族，而家族之间的领地和财产通过墓葬进行间隔。

en-us	[127] Iron Age pottery has been found in the higher layers of many features. [128] Even pottery of the Roman period is quite often found in layers that have accumulated naturally over time (in other words, they have not been deliberately back-filled) – for example, in the upper filling of the Aubrey Holes.
zh-cn	在这里，人们经常能发掘出青铜时代后期的陶器，(8)在较浅一些的土层中也发现了各式铁器时代的陶器，(9)甚至在自然堆积（也就是说，没有经过刻意回填）的层位中还经常能发现罗马时期的陶器——举例来说，在奥布里洞的上层填土中就有这样的发现。

en-us	[129] Moving forward in time, Saxon pottery has been found in the naturally accumulated filling of the mysterious Phase 5 Y and Z Holes – along with many other sherds of Roman and even medieval date.
zh-cn	(10)时间进一步往前推，人们在第五阶段神秘的Y洞和Z洞的自然填土层中发现了撒克逊人的陶器，同时出土的还有许多罗马时期甚至中世纪的碎片。

en-us	[12] Accordingly, archaeological opinion was firmly agreed that the car park posts could not have served any practical purpose.
zh-cn	(7)因此，考古学家坚信在停车场发现的柱子不具备任何实际用途。

en-us	[12]There is general consensus that the works of Li and Ji helped to elevate the stan-dard of Chinese garden art by harmonizing the making of hillocks, lakes, buildings, and courtyards as well as the planting of trees and flowers in late Ming and early Qing China.
zh-cn	目前一致认为，李诫和计成的著作，通过协调明末清初小山丘、湖泽、建筑物和庭院建造以及花草树木的种植，帮助提升了中国园林艺术的水准。

en-us	[130] And this brings us to the early origin of the name 'Stonehenge', which is generally believed to have been derived from two Early English words (stan + hengen), which literally mean 'stone' and 'hanging'.
zh-cn	(11)这不禁让我们想起了“巨石阵”这个名字的起源，人们普遍认为它（stonehenge）源于两个古英语词（stan+hengen），字面意思分别是“石头”和“悬挂”。

en-us	[131] Many people have since jumped to the conclusion that the 'hanging' is a reference to the Stones' superficial resemblance to a gallows.
zh-cn	(12)许多人据此得出，“悬挂”必定是指巨石阵在外表上同绞刑架十分相似。

en-us	[133] Today we have grown used to insensitive restorations or 'improvements' to old buildings, but people were just as capable of seemingly idiotic decisions in prehistory.
zh-cn	(14)今天我们对历史遗迹那些毫不上心的修缮或改建已经习以为常，可史前时代的人似乎也会做出同样愚蠢的决定。

en-us	[134] Nobody knows why this was done, but in due course it led to the Trilithon's collapse.
zh-cn	(15)没有人知道这么做的原因，不过在挖掘的过程中，这个坑导致了三石塔的塌陷。

en-us	[135]
zh-cn	(16)

en-us	[138]
zh-cn	(19)

en-us	[139] These large pieces of stone would probably have been reshaped and used in houses or farm buildings.
zh-cn	(20)这些大块的残余部分可能会被重新打磨，用于房屋和农场的建造。

en-us	[13] But the Stonehenge Riverside Project adopted a variety of different approaches to tackle a series of clearly defined questions.
zh-cn	(8)巨石阵河岸项目采用了多种不同方式，尝试解决一系列已经被清晰界定的问题。

en-us	[140] More recently the wear caused by shoes standing on collapsed stones has removed much surface information, such as evidence for their shaping, and any shallow carvings.
zh-cn	(21)最近有一些游客踩在掉落的石头上，鞋子造成的磨损破坏了许多石头表面的信息，比如打磨的痕迹和一些较浅的刻痕。

en-us	[141] Stone chips continued occasionally to be removed until the site was fenced off to visitors in 1978.
zh-cn	(22)1978年，巨石阵周围设立了隔开游客的栅栏，因为在此之前时常有人顺走碎石块。

en-us	[142]
zh-cn	(23)

en-us	[143] He went on to point out that the only thing that distinguished excavation from methodical destruction was the fact that a detailed report was produced at the end of the process.
zh-cn	(24)他指出，发掘和刻意破坏之间的唯一差别，就是前者最终会得出一份详尽的报告。可悲的是，对巨石阵的发掘并非完全如此。

en-us	[145]
zh-cn	(26)

en-us	[146] Having said that, the site was Stonehenge, so one might have expected better, especially given the fact that the project was supervised and officially controlled by no less than the Society of Antiquaries of London and the Ministry of Works.
zh-cn	(27)话虽如此，发掘的对象毕竟是巨石阵，人们的期待必定更高，更别提整个项目还由伦敦古物学会和建筑工程部等部门监管和掌控。

en-us	[147] The project's written records essentially consist of Hawley's daily dairies, which have subsequently been typed out and copied.
zh-cn	(28)项目的文字记录主要由霍利的发掘日记组成，随后被录入电脑并打印成册。

en-us	[148] His excavation records are coherent and all finds are recorded to a foot square, with a depth, and there is also a good photographic archive.
zh-cn	(29)他的发掘记录清晰明了，所有发现都按照0.1平方米的大小和一定深度记录在案，还留有完整的照片档案。

en-us	[149] Normally speaking, one would expect an excavation of this importance and longevity to have been published in several fat volumes, each of 500 pages or more.
zh-cn	(30)正常情况下，耗时很长又如此重要的发掘需要出版几卷厚厚的报告，每卷都应该在500页以上。

en-us	[14] Although disciplined, their approach was also flexible.
zh-cn	(9)这些方法谨遵业内的标准，但也具有一定的灵活性。

en-us	[150] Plans and drawings were so inadequate that it was impossible even to compare depths with Hawley's earlier work.
zh-cn	(31)平面图和图示也十分匮乏，甚至无法与霍利早年的工作相提并论。

en-us	[151] The only published information on fourteen seasons of excavation is the popular (and very good) account by Professor Atkinson, which first appeared in 1956, and was revised in 1979.
zh-cn	(32)在整整14季的发掘之后，唯一出版的内容是阿特金森教授那套十分流行，而且质量也很高的记述，初版于1956年面世，1979年又进行了修改。

en-us	[152]
zh-cn	(33)

en-us	[153] That publication gave us accurate plans and, where possible, sections, plus numerous photographs. Perhaps its biggest achievement has been the creation of the Wessex Archaeology Stonehenge Archive, which is housed in Salisbury Museum.
zh-cn	(34)这本书提供了精准的平面图及其方位，还附有大量照片，也许它最大的成果就是建立了韦塞克斯考古学会巨石阵档案库，这座档案库坐落在索尔兹伯里博物馆内。

en-us	[154]
zh-cn	(35)

en-us	[156] Essentially an icon was about more than the subject it represented.
zh-cn	(1)从本质上来说，“崇拜对象”不仅仅是其画面表现出来的样子，还应有更深层的意味。

en-us	[157] In many important respects this book complements the comprehensive review of the archaeological evidence produced by English Heritage twelve years later.
zh-cn	(2)12年后，英格兰遗产委员会出版了对考古学证据的综合评述。在许多重要的方面，《巨石阵面面观》都为这份评述提供了补充。

en-us	[158]
zh-cn	(3)

en-us	[159] Her account gives a revealing insight into what an educated visitor would have thought at the time.
zh-cn	(4)这份记录使人们了解到当时一位受过良好教育的旅行者的内心所想。

en-us	[160] She is remarkably observant and is struck by the fact that Stonehenge sits within a landscape rich in ancient remains.
zh-cn	(5)费因斯的观察细致入微，她注意到巨石阵处在一片拥有丰富古代遗迹的景观之中，并为此感到震惊。

en-us	[161] She also notices that the lintels were secured in place by mortice holes and that there are a distinct category of smaller stones.
zh-cn	(6)她还发现楣石通过榫眼固定，另外还存在一类独特的小石头。

en-us	[162] Watkins's idea was that Stone Age people would find their way through the untamed wilderness by walking in straight lines towards prominent markers, usually on the skyline.
zh-cn	(7)沃特金斯认为，石器时代的人会循着特定标志物以直线穿越未经开化的荒地，这种标志通常位于地平线之上。

en-us	[163] The problem with Watkins's and similar approaches is that they treat the landscape as a blank canvas, which it never was.
zh-cn	(8)沃特金斯的理论以及其他类似假设的问题在于他们将景观视作一块白布，可景观从来都不是凭空出现的。

en-us	[164] To reach such symmetrical perfection, Jones introduced an additional Trilithon.
zh-cn	(9)为了达到完美的对称效果，琼斯还加入了一座新的三石塔。

en-us	[166]
zh-cn	(11)

en-us	[167]
zh-cn	(12)

en-us	[168] Their detailed account provides good evidence that the digging and filling in of the ditch followed a similar pattern to that observed at modern excavations of causewayed enclosure ditches elsewhere in Britain.
zh-cn	(1)他们翔实的报告给出了有力的证据，证明巨石阵不断开挖填埋沟渠的行为，同现代考古发掘在不列颠别处的堤道围场沟渠所观察到的行为存在相近模式。

en-us	[169]
zh-cn	(2)

en-us	[16]
zh-cn	(11)

en-us	[170] More recently a reassessment of the radiocarbon dates of British causewayed enclosures has clearly shown that the first three phases (1A–C) at Etton were quite short-lived, but also formed a close but neatly separated sequence that evolved without any breaks. It is a remarkably precise sequence.
zh-cn	(3)最近研究人员对不列颠的堤道围场重新进行了放射性碳测年，结果明确显示出埃顿的前三个阶段（1A—1C）时间都不长，但是它们一同构成了一个彼此相近却互相间隔的序列，其间没有任何断裂。

en-us	[171] Each of the three sub-phases of Phase 1 probably lasted for about half a century, or two to three generations, at most.
zh-cn	这个序列相当精准，(4)每个阶段最多只存续了半个世纪，也就是两到三代人的时间。

en-us	[172] The lower levels of the Stonehenge ditch seem to be similarly varied, and the undulating or lobed areas are, if anything, even more pit-like and irregular.
zh-cn	(5)巨石阵沟渠的下断面和这里很相似，呈起伏状或有裂痕的区域更像灰坑，也更不规则。

en-us	[173] Again, this would indicate small working parties.
zh-cn	(6)同样，这也表明作业的应该是一个很小的群体。

en-us	[174] After each series of offerings had been made, the ditch was then filled in with the gravel that had been dug from it.
zh-cn	(7)放好每一段的献祭品之后，人们会用原本挖出来的砾石重新填埋沟渠。

en-us	[177] Put briefly, the general trend is from separated and distinct individual offerings placed within a ditch that sometimes resembles a series of joined-up pits, to a series of smaller offerings placed in a continuous row, within a shallower recut ditch, whose shape is far more regular and ditch-like.
zh-cn	(10)简单来说，整体的变化趋势是从一条沟渠内相互隔开的独立献祭品，慢慢发展为重挖的浅沟渠内一系列较排列成行的较小祭品，前者有时看起来像一系列连贯的灰坑，后者形状更加规整，也更具备沟渠的形态。

en-us	[17] What is significant for our story is that this debris was found just 400 metres south of the huge posts in the car park.
zh-cn	(12)这一发现对我们的讲述来说至关重要，因为这些碎片位于停车场巨柱往南400米处。

en-us	[181] Again, this suggests an earlier date for the re-cutting, if not for the actual digging of the ditch.
zh-cn	(14)这也表明重新开凿的时间应该更早，如果这不是沟渠的最初挖掘时间的话。

en-us	[182] There is also evidence that possible offerings had been disturbed in antiquity.
zh-cn	(15)还有证据表明祭品可能在古代遭到了扰动。

en-us	[183] Finally, a cremation was found in situ, lying directly on the ditch bottom. [184] This has to have been a placed deposit.
zh-cn	(16)最后，在沟渠底部还发现了火葬的痕迹，(17)此处明显是一个人工制造的沉积。

en-us	[185] Perhaps this was when much disturbance of the earlier deposits took place (this did not happen at Etton, possibly due to rising water levels).
zh-cn	(18)也许早期的沉积就是在重新填埋时遭到了扰动（埃顿没有出现这种情况，很可能是因为海平面上升的缘故）。

en-us	[186] One could select many parallels among excavated British causewayed enclosures, but the central ring of highly segmented ditches (the so-called 'spiral arm') at Briar Hill, Northampton, is also close in size and shape to the Stonehenge ditch.
zh-cn	(19)人们可以在不列颠已经发掘的堤道围场中发现许多相似之处，但是北安普敦荆棘山多段式沟渠（被称为“悬臂”）的中心圈也同巨石阵沟渠的大小形状接近。

en-us	[187] If anything, the pit-like, lobed layout is even more pronounced there.
zh-cn	(20)若要说有什么区别的话，那里灰坑样的裂状轮廓更为明显。

en-us	[189] There are two principal objections to this.
zh-cn	(22)对此有两个主要的反驳点。

en-us	[18]
zh-cn	(13)

en-us	[190] The alignment of the ditch entranceway on the solstice is unique among causewayed enclosures, but it is very much a part of the newer, Middle Neolithic tradition represented by passage graves and henges, which began in the centuries after 3500 BC.
zh-cn	(23)第二，沟渠入口朝向至日点的设计在堤道围场中也是特有的，但这是一种在新石器时代中期的通道式坟墓和木石圈中新出现的特点，开始于公元前3500年的几百年后。

en-us	[191] Having said that, of course, we do know that Stonehenge seems to have been carefully positioned in line with the distinctive subsoil grooves beneath the final stretch of the Avenue, and that these were probably recognized in Mesolithic times.
zh-cn	(24)话虽如此，我们知道巨石阵似乎是沿着大道最后一段之下的底土细槽建造的，而那个时间正处于中石器时代。

en-us	[192]
zh-cn	(25)

en-us	[193] It has been adopted in archaeology over the past two decades with great success. The technique, however, depends on being able to find layers in the ground that can be identified with closely definable stages in a particular site or monument's construction, followed by its use and, finally, its demise.
zh-cn	(26)在过去的20年间，这项技术在考古界的应用取得了巨大成功，然而这项技术的成立在很大程度上取决于找到土壤中的某个层位，与遗迹中已经确立的使用及终止年代相匹配。

en-us	[194] Normally that is quite straightforward. But not always.
zh-cn	(27)一般情况下，这项技术的应用方式相当直白，但也有例外。

en-us	[1]
zh-cn	*

en-us	[1] In this book I will draw heavily, for example, on the Stonehenge Riverside Project, organized by Mike Parker Pearson of University College London and by colleagues in the universities of Bournemouth, Manchester and Southampton.
zh-cn	(1)在本书中，我将着重关注巨石阵河岸项目，该项目的组织者是伦敦大学学院的迈克•帕克•皮尔森，参与其中的是来自伯恩茅斯、曼彻斯特以及南安普敦这几所大学的同僚。

en-us	[1]If the Tenderer does not accept, this paragraph may be deleted and replaced by:
zh-cn	*如果投标人不接受此建议，本段可删除并代之以：

en-us	[1]When writing the tender documents, the writer should ascertain whether to include the optional text, shown in parentheses []
zh-cn	[1]当编写招标文件时，编写人应确定是否纳入括号[]里备选择的文字。

en-us	[2100 – 1500 BC]
zh-cn	（公元前2100年—前1500年）

en-us	[21] It consisted of an upside-down oak tree – whose spreading roots resembled branches – surrounded by a ring-wall of large oak posts.
zh-cn	(1)其中有一棵倒置的橡树，树根就像树枝一样伸展开来，四周则被巨大的橡树柱围成一圈。

en-us	[22] Most remarkably of all, Seahenge could be precisely dated by tree-rings to the months of April–June in the year 2049 BC.
zh-cn	(2)最令人惊奇的是，根据树的年轮，海上木阵可以被精确定年在公元前2049年的4月至6月间。

en-us	[23] This time the site was a barrow or burial mound, whose ancient timbers produced a date that was identical to the first Seahenge.
zh-cn	(3)这是一处坟冢，根据木材的测年结果，年代接近之前发掘的海上木阵。

en-us	[24] This is a particularly useful approach in undulating landscapes, such as Salisbury Plain.
zh-cn	(4)这种方法在研究地势起伏的景观（例如索尔兹伯里平原）时尤其有用。

en-us	[25]
zh-cn	(5)

en-us	[26] Some in the Thames Valley, for example, are of comparable size to that around Stonehenge.
zh-cn	(6)比如位于泰晤士河谷的景观，体量足以比肩巨石阵。

en-us	[27] These included waterfalls, spectacular outcrops of rock or high cliffs, but subtler features could prove attractive too, such as islands in lakes and rivers, or natural springs, as we saw at Blick Mead.
zh-cn	但有一些更平缓的地貌特征也会吸引人们，比如河湖中的小岛，或是我们在勃列克米得看到的天然泉水。

en-us	[28] Rivers often formed tribal boundaries and sites positioned along their floodplains could be seen as neutral – as was the higher ground around lower-lying or more fertile landscapes.
zh-cn	(8)河流通常是界定部落边界的标志，因此位于泛滥平原的选址会被视为中立，在低洼或是富饶地域周围的高地也是如此。

en-us	[29] During the second season of excavation at the Coneybury Henge, some 600 metres west of the Stonehenge Avenue, the team came upon a large pit a few paces northwest of the henge,[30] which had been dug and then filled with the debris of feasting.
zh-cn	(9)在科尼布里石圈发掘的第二个季度，团队在巨石阵大道向西约600米的地方发现了一个巨大的灰坑，就在巨石阵西北方向的几步之外。

en-us	[2]
zh-cn	(2)

en-us	[31]
zh-cn	(11)

en-us	[32] The earliest radiocarbon dates obtained from samples in quarry ditches are no older than about 3600 BC. This is about two centuries later than the earliest known long barrows elsewhere in England.
zh-cn	(12)科学家对采石用的沟渠提取了样品，进行放射性碳测年，结果显示那里的修建不早于公元前3600年，这比英格兰其他地区已知最早的长冢要晚两百年。

en-us	[34] These offerings consisted of human skulls, or inverted pots, whose round bases closely resembled skulls. Some of the offerings were of meat bones, or dog skulls.
zh-cn	(14)献祭品中包括人类头骨和倒置的壶具，壶具的圆形底部和头骨非常相似。

en-us	[35]
zh-cn	(15)

en-us	[36] Although it has not yielded many radiocarbon samples, it appears to have been constructed around 3600 BC.
zh-cn	(16)尽管并没有很多样品可以做放射性碳测年，但人们推测它建立于公元前3600年左右。

en-us	[37] In common with sites like Etton, its ditches produced evidence of feasting and disarticulated human bones.
zh-cn	(17)和埃顿地区的遗迹一样，这里的沟渠中也出土了盛宴后的残羹和关节脱落的人骨。

en-us	[38] In the landscape around Stonehenge, as on Cranborne Chase later, the positioning of Bronze Age barrows clearly respects the layout and orientation of the two cursuses, which suggests that like other early features of the ritual landscape they continued to play a part in the positioning of new sites in the area.
zh-cn	(18)在巨石阵周围的景观中可以明显看到，就像后来的克兰伯恩蔡斯一样，青铜时代墓葬的位置明显尊重了两个卡萨斯的布局和方向，这也表明仪式性景观早期的特征会在新建筑的选址中继续起到一定的作用。

en-us	[39] In the Stonehenge landscape the principal axis seems to have been formed by the later Avenue (see Chapter 6), which, as we have seen, follows the solsticial alignment of the grooves in the underlying bedrock.
zh-cn	(19)巨石阵景观的主中轴线似乎由后来的大道（见第五章）形成，正如我们之前已知的，这条大道的方向遵循着基岩之下两个至日朝向的细槽。

en-us	[4000 – 1500 BC]
zh-cn	（公元前4000年—前1500年）

en-us	[40] We will discuss these barrows further in Chapter 7.
zh-cn	(20)我们会在本书第七章深入讨论这些墓葬。

en-us	[41] This would explain why earlier Mesolithic sacred landscapes continued to be important into Neolithic times.
zh-cn	(1)这就解释了为什么早先中石器时代的神圣景观在新石器时代依然保持了其重要性。

en-us	[42] Layers where soils were able to form are infrequent, as are places where the sides of the ditch have washed in.
zh-cn	(2)由泥土构成的层位并不多见，往往由沟渠两侧的泥土被冲刷进来而形成。

en-us	[43]
zh-cn	(3)

en-us	[44] One set of posts traverse the main entranceway in four or five slightly haphazard rows, which might have included two deliberately restricted entranceways.
zh-cn	(4)根据柱洞可以看出，有一些柱子曾散乱地竖立在主入口处，可以分为四五行，其中两个柱子有意限制了主入口。

en-us	[45] The soil filling the post-holes did not contain fragments chipped off the later stones during their shaping, as were found in the holes that held the upright stones. This suggests that the posts pre-date the main use of the site.
zh-cn	(5)和用来支撑直立巨石的洞不同，这些柱洞的填土中没有发现任何打磨巨石留下的碎片，这也表明这些柱子应该早于巨石阵的使用年代。

en-us	[46] It was a large post, although not quite as substantial as the Mesolithic pines in the car park (Chapter 2).
zh-cn	(6)虽然不及停车场区域的中石器时代松柱（见第一章），但这根柱子的体量依然不可小觑。

en-us	[47] The Passageway is, however, clearly lined up on the southern entranceway. The size and position of the Stonehenge Passageway is quite closely matched by a timber 'gateway', which is also aligned on an entranceway, at Etton.
zh-cn	(7)显然“通道”沿着南侧的入口排列成行，体量和位置同埃顿地区入口处排列的木质通道十分相似。

en-us	[48] Stone and wooden entrance structures are known at other causewayed enclosures. Maybe the Stonehenge Passageway is a later variant of an already well-established tradition.
zh-cn	(8)在其他堤道围场也发现了石质或木质的入口结构，也许巨石阵的通道是早期传统的一种演变。

en-us	[49] If the ditch segments at causewayed enclosures were indeed controlled by different families or kin groups, as seems most probable, then the small pits with offerings represent significant events in the lives of individual members of that kin group.
zh-cn	(9)如果按照最合理的猜测来分析，即这些堤道围场的小段沟渠由不同的家庭或家族群体掌控，那么这些填满了献祭品的灰坑应该代表了家族群体里各个成员生活中的重要事件。

en-us	[4]
zh-cn	(2)

en-us	[50] The most obvious example being, of course, the northeast-facing main entranceway.
zh-cn	(10)其中最著名的例子当然就是东北朝向的主入口。

en-us	[51] Neither Stonehenge nor prehistoric British societies would ever be the same again.
zh-cn	(11)自此，不论是巨石阵还是史前的不列颠社会都将不复以往。

en-us	[52]
zh-cn	(1)

en-us	[53] Members of the Stonehenge Riverside Project have discovered documentary evidence that in the early eighteenth century large blocks of sarsen lay on the roadside near Clatford, where they had been abandoned, probably on their way to Stonehenge, via Marden (with its famous henge) and down the western side of the valley of the River Avon.
zh-cn	(2)巨石阵河岸项目的成员找到了书面材料，证实在18世纪早期，克劳福德附近的道路上就有大块的砂岩漂砾，它们很可能是在取道马登（包括那里著名的石圈），然后沿着埃文河村庄西边被运往巨石阵的路上被弄丢的。

en-us	[54] It used to be thought that in prehistoric times there were relatively few sarsens lying around on the surface near Stonehenge, but recent research, using the first editions of Ordnance Survey maps (early nineteenth century), has revealed that many are marked, although nearly all have since vanished.
zh-cn	(3)过去人们认为在史前时代巨石阵附近的地表上只有很少的砂岩漂砾，可是近期的研究在参考了第一版地形测量局的地图（发布于19世纪早期）后发现，尽管砂岩漂砾几乎已经全部消失了，还是有相当数量被标记出来。

en-us	[55]
zh-cn	(4)

en-us	[56] The uneven distribution showed that certain areas favoured axes from different quarries. Beautiful polished axes from these upland quarries have been found buried in causewayed enclosures and at other special sites, such as barrows.
zh-cn	(5)这种不均衡的分布显示出一些区域更喜欢从不同的采石场获取石斧，在堤道围场和坟墓这样的特殊遗迹里就发现了来自山地采石场的打磨精美的石斧。

en-us	[57] For a start, money did not exist.
zh-cn	(6)首先，史前时代并不存在货币。

en-us	[59] It was a neat theory, and for the latter part of the twentieth century it seemed to make plenty of sense. But it was probably wrong.
zh-cn	(8)这种说法很自洽，在20世纪后期看起来也颇为合理，不过却未必正确。

en-us	[5] ft) deep, and roughly twice as wide. It was positioned on the axis of the natural subsoil ridges that were aligned on the solstice – although by this period they would not have been apparent from the surface.
zh-cn	沟渠的直径约118米，考古学家开挖后发现它深2米、宽4米，恰巧位于两个至日方向上由自然底土形成的垄这一中轴线上，尽管在那个时候，这条垄从表面看并不十分明显。

en-us	[60] Although they were never accepted by the archaeological profession, these theories found some sympathy with the press and wider public.
zh-cn	(9)这种猜想虽然从未得到考古学专家的认可，却在媒体和公众那里赢得了一定支持。

en-us	[61] This meant that the Bristol Channel sea route to England was impossible – or at best highly unlikely.
zh-cn	(10)这表明从布里斯托尔海峡前往英格兰的海路被排除在外，或者说极其不可能了。

en-us	[62] Here the penitents carry the massive structures on their shoulders; some choose to do this heavy work bare-footed and many after fasting.
zh-cn	(11)忏悔者们将巨大的塑像背在肩上，有的人赤脚而行，还有的人刚刚完成斋戒。

en-us	[63] Reconstruction experiments for a Time Team television documentary showed that these ropes, made from soaked and twisted honeysuckle stems, were very strong.
zh-cn	(12)纪录片《时间团队》（Time Team）对此做了重建实验，证实这些浸透后拧成的忍冬藤非常坚韧。

en-us	[64] This alerted Lt.-Col. William Hawley, who then excavated more than half of them between 1920 and 1924.
zh-cn	(13)这项发现引起了陆军中校威廉•霍利的警觉，他随后就在1920—1924年对其中的大半进行了发掘。

en-us	[65] Mike Parker Pearson has kindly informed me that a radiocarbon date for the insertion of a bluestone into an Aubrey Hole is 3080–2890 BC.
zh-cn	(14)迈克•帕克•皮尔森告诉我，根据放射性碳测年结果，蓝砂岩被放入奥布里洞的年代应该在公元前3080年—前2890年。(15)

en-us	[67] A second quarry, with even closer matches to the Stonehenge spotted dolerite bluestones, was at Carn Goedog.
zh-cn	(16)另一处出产粗粒玄武岩的采石场位于卡恩•戈多格，那里出产的石头和巨石阵的斑点粗粒玄武岩更为贴近。

en-us	[68] In the Styrofoam replica, 'Foamhenge', constructed for television, the experts advising the film-makers suggested that a lighter, timber lintel might have been substituted for stone (see Chapter 9).
zh-cn	(17)在为电视节目制作的泡沫聚苯乙烯复制品中，专家建议摄制团队采用更轻质的木料作为这座“泡沫石圈”的楣石（见第九章）。

en-us	[6] In fact, there is scientific evidence to suggest that by 8000 BC the climate may have been slightly warmer than it is today.
zh-cn	(1)事实上，有科学证据表明，到公元前8000年时，气温比现在还要稍稍暖和一些。(2)

en-us	[70] So it would now seem likely that the stones of Bluestonehenge and the Aubrey Holes were placed in the ground at approximately the same time.
zh-cn	由此可以推测，蓝砂岩阵和奥布里洞的石头在同一时间段被放置(19)。

en-us	[72]
zh-cn	(2)

en-us	[73 ] At this time, the allies added one more condition for the resumption of negotiation: the return of all the prisoners (cf. Jiang Tingfu 1931, 1:264-267; YMYZ 1984, 123; Fairbank 1978, 257; Walrond 1872, 356-357; Wu Xiangxiang 1953, 28-35; Wang Wei 1980, 40).
zh-cn	就在这个时候，英法联军对恢复谈判又多加了一个条件，就是释放所有的俘虏。

en-us	[73 ] At this time, the allies added one more condition for the resumption of negotiation: the return of all the prisoners (cf. Jiang Tingfu 1931, 1:264–267; YMYZ 1984, 123; Fairbank 1978, 257; Walrond 1872, 356–357; Wu Xiangxiang 1953, 28–35; Wang Wei 1980, 40).
zh-cn	就在这个时候，英法联军对恢复谈判又多加了一个条件，就是释放所有的俘虏。

en-us	[73] Then in 1966 it was proposed to reroute a stretch of the A345, from Amesbury to Marlborough, through the protected ancient henge of Durrington Walls, which lies immediately north of Woodhenge.
zh-cn	(3)1966年，有人提出要修改A345公路延伸段的路线，即从埃姆斯伯里通往马尔伯勒的这一段，新路线需要穿过巨木阵北面的杜灵顿垣墙。

en-us	[74]
zh-cn	(4)

en-us	[76] Apart from its academic value, this survey allows future conservators to assess the extent to which the site is being affected by environmental factors, such as acid rain and lichen growth.
zh-cn	(6)除却学术上的价值，这次测量还为以后的文保人员提供了信息，即可能会进一步影响这个遗迹的环境因素，例如酸雨和地衣的生长。

en-us	[77] Often the stones had been carefully matched for size, working and colour.
zh-cn	(7)通常这些石头在体量、颜色和加工方式上都经过仔细的配对。

en-us	[78 ] The loot was regarded as trophies of the conquest.
zh-cn	掠夺品被视为胜仗的纪念品。

en-us	[78] This would suggest that it was the tree that was considered special, and not its position in the structure.
zh-cn	(8)这就表明人们认为重要的并不是树所在的结构位置，而是树本身。

en-us	[79] Today seventeen of the original uprights are still standing, whereas just six of the original thirty lintels are still in place.
zh-cn	(9)今天，这些立石中的17块还竖立在原处，可30块楣石却只剩下6块。

en-us	[8000 – 4000 BC]
zh-cn	（公元前8000年—前4000年）

en-us	[80] The laser scanning revealed that the exterior surfaces were less carefully dressed than the interior, but efforts were made to remove the darker, grey weathered exterior, to reveal the paler, pinkish natural stone beneath.
zh-cn	(10)激光扫描显示，相较于内侧，外侧的加工没有那么仔细，但当时的人们想办法去除了暗灰色的风化外表，露出了石头自然的浅粉色。

en-us	[83] But speculation gave way to more science-based observation and prediction with the appearance of early computers in the mid-1960s.
zh-cn	(13)不过自20世纪60年代中期出现了早期的计算机后，这些猜测逐渐被以科学为基础的观察和预测所取代。

en-us	[84] The best-known of these new studies was published in a book with a far from understated title, Stonehenge Decoded, by Gerald S. Hawkins.
zh-cn	(14)这些新研究中最著名的是杰拉德•S.霍金斯写的一本书，书名毫不客气——《解密巨石阵》（Stonehenge Decoded）。

en-us	[86] Soon it became clear that Stonehenge was by no means unique and that many other megalithic and timber-built sites had solar alignments.
zh-cn	人们很快就认识到巨石阵绝非独一无二，许多其他的巨石遗迹或木质遗迹多少都遵从太阳运行的轨迹。

en-us	[87] They were placed just inside the inner bank of the ditch and together they formed a rectangle.
zh-cn	(17)它们恰好处于沟渠内侧堤岸的内部，同堤岸形成一个长方形。

en-us	[88] The two great sarsen structures aside, the other main event in Stage 2 was the erection of a double ring of bluestones, which ran in the space between the Sarsen Circle and the inner Trilithon Horseshoe.
zh-cn	(18)除了两座大型的砂岩结构，第二阶段的另一个主要事件是两圈蓝砂岩的建造，它们位于砂岩圈和内侧的马蹄形三石塔之间。

en-us	[89]
zh-cn	(19)

en-us	[8] By the time the first farmers arrived in Britain, shortly before 4000 BC, Britain had been separated from the continental mainland for some two millennia and Doggerland now lay below a shallow sea.
zh-cn	(3)公元前4000年左右，也就是第一批务农者到达不列颠的时候，不列颠已经同欧洲大陆分离了两千年左右，而多格兰也落到了一片浅海之下。

en-us	[90] But there is one crucial difference between the Victorian railway-builders and the Neolithic henge-makers. The navvies were hired labour and were paid for their back-breaking work.
zh-cn	(20)维多利亚时代的铁路修建者和新石器时代的石圈建造者有一个主要区别，那就是前者是受雇劳力并且按劳支付报酬，而后者生活在一个远没有那么多压迫的时代。

en-us	[91] They would soon discover that this was because they had placed their trenches too close to the riverside, where water had caused much damage through erosion.
zh-cn	(21)很快他们就意识到这是由于探沟离河岸太近了，遭到了河水的侵蚀和破坏。

en-us	[92] It was to prove a momentous discovery. Intact Neolithic house floors that have never been damaged by ploughing are exceedingly rare in southern Britain and here was one just outside Britain's largest henge.
zh-cn	(22)这是一项重大发现，因为在不列颠南部，没有遭到耕作破坏的新石器时代房屋地板非常少见，而在不列颠最大的木石圈之外就发现了一处。

en-us	[94] The excavations of 2004–7 revealed nine square houses measuring about 5.3 metres (17 ft) across.
zh-cn	(24)2004—2007年，人们发掘出了9座宽约5.3米的方形房屋。

en-us	[95] But, unusually, the Durrington Walls settlement showed none of these tell-tale signs. All the houses seemed to respect the presence of the other buildings around them.
zh-cn	(25)不过奇怪的是，杜灵顿垣墙的聚落并没有显示出这样的迹象，那里的房屋与四周其他的遗迹相互融合。

en-us	[96]
zh-cn	(26)

en-us	[97] Pork was popular and many of the pigs had been slaughtered in the autumn or winter.
zh-cn	(27)猪肉非常受欢迎，大部分猪在秋冬两季被宰杀。

en-us	[98] One of the Riverside Project's biggest discoveries, the much shorter Durrington Walls Avenue, would have guided processions down the slope from the eastern exit from the Durrington settlement (and the later henge) to the River Avon, for the first part of the journey from life to death.
zh-cn	(1)巨石阵河岸项目的最大发现之一就是杜灵顿垣墙大道，它比巨石阵大道短很多，用来引导行进的人们从杜灵顿聚落（以及后来的杜灵顿垣墙）东侧入口沿着斜坡一直下到埃文河，也就是整段由生向死旅程的第一阶段。

en-us	[99]
zh-cn	(2)

en-us	[9] In fact, it must have provided Mesolithic people with a wealth of natural resources, including huge quantities of fish, shellfish and wildfowl.
zh-cn	(4)相反，这里为中石器时代的人们提供了丰富的自然资源，包括大量的鱼类、贝类和野禽。

en-us	[Clearly shocked by this unexpected remark,] the Grand Secretary Wenxiang, shaking and choking, brought himself to his knees and collapsed.
zh-cn	上大怒曰：此位让尔何如？文相伏地一恸，喘急几绝，乃命先行扶出。

en-us	[Details of amendments to the Genera! Conditions of Dispute Adjudication Agreement, if any.
zh-cn	2.[对争端裁决协议的具体修改，如有时。

en-us	[FROM 2400 BC]
zh-cn	（自公元前2400年起）

en-us	[FROM 2500 BC]
zh-cn	（自公元前2500年起）

en-us	[FROM 3000 BC]
zh-cn	（自公元前3000年起）

en-us	[FROM 3300 BC]
zh-cn	（自公元前3300年起）

en-us	[Following the receipt by us of an authenticated copy of the taking-over certificate for the whofe of the works under clause 10 of the conditions of the Contract, such guaranteed amount shall be reduced by ____ % and we shall promptly notify you that we have received such certificate and have reduced the guaranteed amount accordingly.]
zh-cn	[我们收到按照合同条件第10条颁发的整个工程的接收证书的经证实的复印件后，上述保函金额将减少____％，并且我们将立即通知你方，我们已经收到了上述证书并将相应减少保函金额。][1]

en-us	[Gardens in dynastic China] were expensive pieces of real estate, but they were also consciously constructed and aesthetically perceived artifacts.
zh-cn	[历朝历代的中国园林]都是身价不菲的地产；与此同时，也是精心建造且富有美感的人类遗产。

en-us	[I also learned] that the Three Hills were not spared, leaving the area absolutely bare.
zh-cn	缘夷人到园后，先将三山陈设古玩尽行掳掠一空，后用火焚烧……

en-us	[In the above Appendix, the text shown in italics is intended to assist the drafter of a particular contract by providing guidance on which provisions are relevant to the particular contract.
zh-cn	[在上面附录中，斜体部分旨在帮助特殊合同的起草者，向他们提供编制特殊合同的有关规定的指南。

en-us	[It seems that] only the Tranquil Comfortable Garden, or the Jingyi Yuan, was spared.
zh-cn	其静宜园夷人并未前往，各殿陈设照旧封锁。

en-us	[Judicial Interpretations (1999) No. 19]
zh-cn	法释〔一九九九〕十九号一九九九年十二月一日

en-us	[Louis-Philippe's museum] is Louis XIV's Versailles, that rats and politicians were going to destroy and that Louis-Philippe has saved.
zh-cn	路易-菲利普的博物馆即路易十四的凡尔赛宫，卑鄙小人和政客们曾打算将其摧毁，但路易-菲利普把它救了下来。

en-us	[Louis-Philippe's museum], more or less accommodated in what had been a working palace, was full of unsuspected riches; but the public had lost its taste for them - or at least the part of the public not attracted to the military paintings which seemed to fill it completely.
zh-cn	（路易-菲利普的博物馆）可以说坐落在一座曾生机勃勃的宫殿之中，里面堆满了意想不到的财富，但公众已对它们失去了兴趣--或者说，至少一部分民众不再被似乎将宫殿完全占满的军事题材画作所吸引。

en-us	[Note 3: The “three areas and three prefectures” are national-level severely impoverished areas, with harsh natural and economic conditions. The “three areas” refer to the Tibet Autonomous Region, prefectures and counties with large Tibetan populations in Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu and Yunnan provinces, and the Hotan, Aksu, Kashgar prefectures and the Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture in southern Xinjiang.
zh-cn	其中：“三区”是指西藏自治区和青海、四川、甘肃、云南四省涉藏州县及南疆的和田地区、阿克苏地区、喀什地区、克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州四地区；“三州”是指四川省凉山彝族自治州、云南省怒江傈僳族自治州、甘肃省临夏回族自治州。]

en-us	[Note 5: The Blue Sea Action is a public welfare program approved by the State Council as a major measure to promote eco-civilization and related national strategies, and to build green and safe transport.
zh-cn	[注6：“碧海行动”是经国务院批准的公益性民生工程，是推动生态文明建设和国家战略实施，建设绿色交通、平安交通所采取的一项重大举措。

en-us	[Note: with the exception of the items for which the Employer's requirements have been inserted, the following information must be completed before the Tender is submitted]
zh-cn	[注：除雇主的要求中已填写完毕的项目外，在递交投标文件之前，下列条目必须填写完毕]

en-us	[Of Kou Zhun (961-1023) at the Autumn Wind Pavilion, which was built when he was magistrate of Badong county,] He often leans upon a railing to gaze at water in greed, With no wall built around it lest the views be clogged.
zh-cn	“常倚曲阑贪看水，不安四壁怕遮山。”

en-us	[See comments on Sub-Clause 14.2]
zh-cn	（见对第14.2款的注释）

en-us	[See comments on Sub-Clause 14.9]
zh-cn	（见对第14.9款的注释）

en-us	[See comments on Sub-Clause 4.2]
zh-cn	（见对第4.2款的注释）

en-us	[See page 166, and the comments on Sub-Clause 1.14]
zh-cn	（见第3页及对第1.14款的注释）

en-us	[See page 166]
zh-cn	（见第3页）

en-us	[See page 17: Contractor Finance]
zh-cn	（见第17页：承包商的融资）

en-us	[Such Bond Amount shall be reduced by ____% upon the issue of the taking-over certificate for the whole of the works under clause 10 of the conditions of the Contract.] [1]
zh-cn	[按照合同条件第10条颁发整个工程的接收证书时，上述合同金额将减少____％。]

en-us	[The Ianus Quadrifrons, or Janus arch, may once have been a roofed street crossing in the lively commercial quarter. In Latin, Janus means 'passage'.]
zh-cn	它可能是在君士坦丁一世（274—337）时建造的。

en-us	[There are] the most valuable sorts of wood; varnished works, of China and Japan; ancient vases of porcelain; silks, and cloth of gold and silver. They have there brought together, all that.
zh-cn	（这里）有最珍贵的各种各样的木料、中国和日本的漆器、古代的陶瓷花瓶、丝绸和金丝银缕--所有这一切全都会聚在这里。

en-us	[We have completed the Schedule by adding our suggestions for the other Member of the DAB, but these suggestions are not conditions of this offer].
zh-cn	[我们已完成了该资料表，增加了我们对于争端裁决委员会其他成员的建议，但这些建议不作为本报价的条件。]

en-us	[for a one-person DAB]
zh-cn	[对于一人DAB]

en-us	[for each member of a three-person DAB]
zh-cn	[对于三人DAB中的每位成员]

en-us	a Swimming Pools (Alvaro Siza), Porto, Portugal. Serrat/Alamy Stock Photo.
zh-cn	图6-24 葡萄牙波尔图市， 莱卡游泳池（阿 尔瓦罗o西扎）

en-us	a Swiss architect, born in La Chaux de Fonds in 1887.
zh-cn	一名瑞士建筑师，1887年生于拉绍德封。

en-us	a hierarchy of things, In music there is a key, a range, a chord; here it is the altar - the most sacred of all places - that creates this note, and whose role it is to trigger the radiance of the oeuvre.
zh-cn	在音乐中有调性，有音域，有和弦：在这里，祭坛就是所有地点中最神圣庄严的一个。它创造了音符，而它的整个作用就是触发艺术作品的光辉。

en-us	a kitchen such as the one in Ville d'Avray with 3 electric power points and 2 lighting points.
zh-cn	一个类似于图尔泰别墅的厨房，要3个电源插口和两盏灯。

en-us	a new age of furniture has begun."
zh-cn	一个家具设计的新时期来临了。”

en-us	a power of attorney issued by a foreign national or foreign enterprise shall, in addition, state the nationality of the principal.
zh-cn	代理人委托书应当载明代理内容及权限, 外国人或者外国企业的代理人委托书还应当载明委托人的国籍。

en-us	a true miracle!"
zh-cn	这朵美丽的花是在怎样时不时发出恶臭的污泥上绽放开来的呢？这是一个真正的奇迹！”

en-us	a world has still to be built
zh-cn	都仍然要去建造。

en-us	a) A Quality Manual
zh-cn	a）质量手册

en-us	a) Member Associations should assist member firms in developing Quality Management Systems by providing guides and general support, and that
zh-cn	a）会员协会要通过提供指导和全面的支持，协助会尽公司发展质量管理系统。

en-us	a) Provide background information and an introduction to Quality Management and convincing evidence that member firms must, as a matter of survival, adopt Quality Management practices, and
zh-cn	a）提供背景信息，介绍质量管理，使会员公司明白采用质量管理是关系公司生存的大事。

en-us	a) That there should be a commitment to excellence through enhancing the quality of the output of consulting engineering practices.
zh-cn	a）应通过提高工程咨询的工作质量，作出优秀咨询工作的承诺。

en-us	a) Top Management Commitment
zh-cn	a）最高管理者的承诺

en-us	a) to clarify the distinction and interrelationships among the principal concepts, and
zh-cn	a）阐明基本概念之间的区别和相互联系。

en-us	a. Are in-house verification requirements identified?
zh-cn	a. 是否明确规定了内部验证要求？

en-us	a. Are organizational and technical interfaces between different groups identified and coordinated?
zh-cn	a. 不同部门之间在组织和技术上的接口是否经过确认和协调？

en-us	a. Are there written design procedures for each design activity?
zh-cn	a. 每项设计活动，是否有成文的设计程序？

en-us	a. Establishing and perfecting the system of responsibility relating to production safety;
zh-cn	(一) 建立、健全本单位安全生产责任制;

en-us	a. Failing to establish an organ for the administration of production safety or to arrange for persons to take charge of the administration of production safety;
zh-cn	(一) 未按照规定设立安全生产管理机构或者配备安全生产管理人员的;

en-us	a. Failing to establish special safety administration systems or failing to take effective safety measures or refusing to accept the lawful supervision and administration of the administrative departments for the production, management, storage or use of hazardous substances;
zh-cn	(一) 生产、经营、储存、使用危险物品, 未建立专门安全管理制度、未采取可*的安全措施或者不接受有关主管部门依法实施的监督管理的;

en-us	a. Granting approval or accepting on the basis of examination any matter relating to production safety which does not meet the statutory conditions for production safety;
zh-cn	(一) 对不符合法定安全生产条件的涉及安全生产的事项予以批准或者验收通过的;

en-us	a. Has a quality leader been appointed?
zh-cn	a. 是否指定了质量负责人？

en-us	a. Is responsibility, authority, and interrelationships of all who manage, perform, and verify work clearly defined?
zh-cn	a. 是否所有管理、执行和验证工作人员的职责、权限和相互关系都有明确规定？

en-us	a. The workshop, store or warehouse where hazardous substances are produced, managed, stored or used is in a same building as the dormitory of the employees, or the distance between them and the employees' dormitory does not satisfy the safety requirements;
zh-cn	(一) 生产、经营、储存、使用危险物品的车间、商店、仓库与员工宿舍在同一座建筑内, 或者与员工宿舍的距离不符合安全要求的;

en-us	a. There is no design of safety facilities for a mining construction project or a construction project for the production or storage of hazardous substances, or the design of safety facilities has failed to be submitted to relevant departments according to relevant provisions for examination and approval;
zh-cn	(一) 矿山建设项目或者用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目没有安全设施设计或者安全设施设计未按照规定报经有关部门审查同意的;

en-us	a. To make inspections at the production and business operation entities, gather relevant materials, and inquire relevant entities and persons;
zh-cn	(一) 进入生产经营单位进行检查, 调阅有关资料, 向有关单位和人员了解情况。

en-us	a. a 2 at its extremities; and the actual section by the same letters with lines over them, ā.
zh-cn	倘若剖面是非对称的，其方向则用两个字母a和a2分别表示两端，而实际剖面则在对应端分别用字母a和a2上面加一条线来表示。

en-us	a=0.10 Fixed
zh-cn	a=0.10固定费

en-us	according to The Capital Historical Relic's Research: "In Tianning Temple... there are 2928 bells, a total weight 10492 kilograms."
zh-cn	据《京城古迹考》中记：“天宁寺……据寺僧传册所记，上有铃2928枚，合计重10492斤。

en-us	acroterion: An architectural ornament or sculpture placed at the apex or the extremities of a pediment.
zh-cn	饰物台座（acroterion）：一种建筑装饰或雕塑，放置在山形墙的顶点或末端。

en-us	ade confuses harmony with pastiche, and would have thrown a symmetrical classical building out of balance by dribbling its architectural expression out at one side - anathema to classicism.
zh-cn	认为扩建国家美术馆的唯一方法是模仿其古典主义的外观，这种想法混淆了和谐与模仿的含义。这种片面的做法会令建筑丧失其本身的表达，从而使一座匀称的古典建筑失衡--这是对古典主义的诅咒。

en-us	ade of the Doge's Palace which arrests and enchants us, not that of the Procuratie Vecchie, for though both fa? ades are programmatic, only the palace's is endowed with a pattern sufficiently elaborate to render vivid a sense of order.
zh-cn	因此，当我们置身威尼斯的圣马可广场，令我们驻足惊叹的是总督宫的立面，而非老行政宫，因为两者的立面虽说都井然有序，可惟有总督宫具有一种力图充分展现生动的秩序感的范型。

en-us	ade to another, rather than making them all identical.
zh-cn	奇斯威克别墅的每一个立面都不同，而不是像圆厅别墅一样四个立面完全相同。

en-us	ade, an oblong, elongated to the eye by a range of thirty-four small arches, and thirty-five columns, while it is separated by a richly-canopied window in the centre, into two massive divisions, whose height and length are nearly as four to five; the arcades which give it length being confined to the lower stories, and the upper, between its broad windows, left a mighty surface of smooth marble, chequered with blocks of alternate rose-color and white.
zh-cn	这座建筑就是威尼斯的道奇宫：其总体布局，中空的广场，长方形的正面墙壁--三十四个小型圆拱和三十五根立柱使得它在眼中变长了，而在中央，有一扇有着华丽顶盖的窗子，高和宽之比大约为四比五，把墙壁分割成巨大的两块，还有连拱廊--其宽度不超过下层建筑，其上部夹在宽大的窗户中间，留下一块巨大的光滑的大理石墙面，由玫瑰红和白色相间的大理石块形成棋盘格式。

en-us	ade. It was expressive and eclectic, but also clearly modern.
zh-cn	它富有表现力和折中性，但很明显是现代的。

en-us	ade. Within shafts of sunlight, platelets of dust move as if in obedience to the rhythms of a silent waltz.
zh-cn	一粒粒尘埃在光线的照射下似乎正应和着一曲无声华尔兹的节奏起舞。

en-us	adopted at the 22nd Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on October 29, 1996
zh-cn	(1996年10月29日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十二次会议通过)

en-us	afterwards, the lyricism has to be integrated into the materials which must be kneaded and shaped into the mould of the design".
zh-cn	后来，抒发的情感就糅合进那些被设计模具塑造成型的材料之中了。”

en-us	ais.) De Nolhac's 'resurrection' of Versailles involved recreating the spirit of its glory days under the Bourbons - giving up the nineteenth century's quest for modernisation and instead turning the clock back rather than forward, thus allowing the palace's initial identity to reassert itself.
zh-cn	德o诺拉克对凡尔赛宫的"复兴"包括重现它在波旁王朝统治下辉煌时期的精神--放弃了19世纪对现代化的追求，坚持让时光回溯，而非展望未来，因此让宫殿最初的面貌得以重现。

en-us	aise du Paysage has over 500 members (but only represents one-third of practitioners), and the Bund Deutscher Landschaftsarchitekten has about 800 members. The Landscape Institute (UK) has over 6,200 members, while the Irish Landscape Institute, only founded in 1992, has 160.
zh-cn	加拿大景观设计师协会拥有超过1800名成员，法国景观设计联盟拥有超过500名成员（但只代表了其中三分之一的从业者），德国景观设计师协会有大约800名成员，英国景观协会有超过6200名成员，而1992年刚成立的爱尔兰景观学会仅有160人。

en-us	aise, which was developed as a complementary museum to the Louvre, specialising in French artists, with an art school attached.
zh-cn	后者逐渐发展成一座与卢浮宫相互补的博物馆，专门收藏法国艺术家的作品，还设有一所附属艺术学校。

en-us	ait. (Wind house, abode that a breath effaced.)
zh-cn	风的家宅，吹口气就会无影无踪的居所。

en-us	al roses, Languedocian maples), while the new Orangerie designed by Mansart in 1686 to replace Le Vau's earlier model acclimatised exotic fruits from around the world (incidentally displaying the reach of French global commerce), as well as the largest collection of orange trees in Europe, 2,000 in all.
zh-cn	1686年，芒萨尔设计的新橘园取代了之前勒沃的版本，里边种满了来自世界各地的异国果树（顺便展示了法国全球贸易的影响范围），这里还是欧洲最大的橘树种植地，共有2000棵橘树。

en-us	all are relics of the Jin, Yuan and Ming periods.
zh-cn	均为金、元、明各时期遗物。

en-us	all of the same substance as mussel shells...
zh-cn	它们的质地和贻贝壳的质地完全相同……

en-us	all the buildings were gone, leaving only the helpless solitary pagoda.
zh-cn	所有建筑荡然无存，只余下高塔茕孑无依。

en-us	all this is a guaranteed source of income (not lining my pockets since I always spend my money on atelier expenses: 25% on designs for real events and 75% on designs that have no end client - you may think this is a stupid approach, you may think it's a clever approach, but for me, it's a way of life and that's just the way it is!) ."
zh-cn	所有这些可以保证收入来源（不是从我口袋里掏钱，因为我的已经花在工作室的各项开支上了：25%花在给真正的客户设计上，75%花在给永远不能完成的顾客设计上——你可能认为这是愚蠢，你也可能认为这很聪明，但是对我而言，这就是生活本身)。”

en-us	all those marvelous, spidery delights of yours, those profound meditations on poor, dead little things."
zh-cn	你那蜘蛛般大的欢乐，你对肮脏和死去的小东西的深刻沉思。"

en-us	also seems to explain in large part the extraordinary effectiveness of Robert McNamara as U. S.
zh-cn	究其原因，大部分是由于麦克纳马拉常检讨“我能有什么贡献”这个问题。

en-us	amended in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on Amending the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of the Urban Real Estate adopted at its 29th Meeting on August 30, 2007)
zh-cn	根据2007年8月30日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十九次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国城市房地产管理法〉的决定》修正）

en-us	an enterprise may on voluntary basis apply to the department in charge of supervision and control over product quality under the State Council or an authentication agency approved by a department authorized by the department in charge of supervision and control over product quality under the State Council for authentication of enterprise quality system.
zh-cn	企业根据自愿原则可以向国务院产品质量监督管理部门或者国务院产品质量监督管理部门授权的部门认可的认证机构申请企业质量体系认证。

en-us	ancien élève: A former student of the École des Beaux-Arts.
zh-cn	花状饰纹（anthemion）：一种以植物为基础的古典装饰图案，如卷曲的叶子或花瓣。

en-us	and "soaked" herself in the workshops for days on a stretch, working together with the artisans and created articles of exquisite beauty.
zh-cn	，整天绷紧了弦泡在车间里，与工匠们一起工作，创造精美的款式。

en-us	and 'Why is it important?'
zh-cn	和"为什么它如此重要？"。

en-us	and (3) fabricated members or units.
zh-cn	（3）制作的构件和单元。

en-us	and (3) inspecting property related to acts of unfair competition as stipulated in Article 5 of this Law, and, where necessary, requesting other operators under investigation to explain the source and quantity of the goods, to temporarily stop selling them pending inspection, and not to remove, conceal or destroy them.
zh-cn	(三) 检查与本法第五条规定的不正当竞争行为有关的财物, 必要时可以责令被检查的经营者说明该商品的来源和数量, 暂停销售, 听候检查, 不得转移、隐匿、销毁该财物。

en-us	and (4) other personal as determined by the Ministry of Finance.
zh-cn	(四) 财政部确定的其他人员;。

en-us	and (5) When the aforesaid four measures are not sufficient to stop the infringement activities, or when the right-infringing trademark can hardly be separated from the goods, ordering and supervising the destruction of the right-infringing articles.
zh-cn	㈤采取前四项措施不足以制止侵权行为的, 或者侵权商标与商品难以分离的, 责令并监督销毁侵权物品。

en-us	and (ii) shall not otherwise be responsible for the design or specification of the Permanent Works”〕.
zh-cn	以及（ii）对永久工程的设计或规范不负责任。

en-us	and I therefore retrace the whole process of thought and analysis a few times before I act."
zh-cn	我总要反复再三，才做最后决定。”

en-us	and Stancic, Z. (eds.) (1995), Archaeology and GIS: A European Perspective (Routledge, London).
zh-cn	(4) Lock, G. and Stancic, Z. (eds.)(1995), Archaeology and GIS: A European Perspective (Routledge, London).

en-us	and Welham, K. (2015), 'In search of the Stonehenge quarries', British Archaeology, 146 (Jan/Feb), pp.
zh-cn	(10) Parker Pearson, M., Pollard, J., Richards, C., Schlee, D. and Welham, K.(2015), ‘In search of the Stonehenge quarries’, British Archaeology, 146 (Jan/ Feb), pp. 16–23.

en-us	and What qualifications do they have?
zh-cn	他们有什么样的资格？

en-us	and a large number of the original landscape no longer existed.
zh-cn	致使原来大批的景观不复存在，

en-us	and a new bridge was built to be used by vehicles and pedestrians.
zh-cn	并另建一座新桥，以通行人车辆。

en-us	and accordingly their construction and maintenance technology were at a low level.
zh-cn	因而建造技术和修缮技术都处于较低的水准。

en-us	and all kinds of exquisite designs were carved on the guard rails of bridges.
zh-cn	桥梁的护栏雕刻各种精美的图案。

en-us	and an important period of bridge building of Beijing as well.
zh-cn	也是北京桥梁建造的一个十分重要的时期。

en-us	and built on three-meter tall white marble stone base.
zh-cn	塔建在3米多高的汉白玉台基上，[台基平面呈“亚”字形。]

en-us	and carry a thick rope with bell ears at the end of rope around their necks.
zh-cn	绳头有铃穗，

en-us	and cedar wooden rivets were used under the stone foundation to be nailed into the soils at he bottom of river with the quincuncial pile to prevent the bridge foundation from sinking.
zh-cn	在条石基础的下面，采用柏木丁，以梅花形式的桩法钉入河底的生土之中生根，以防止桥基下陷。[《良乡县志》卷二建置志：“巨石砌至水底，其下柏桩栉比，拒马、芦沟未必有此坚固。”]

en-us	and development of the engineering profession in developing countries.
zh-cn	以及发展中国家工程业的发展问题。

en-us	and either:
zh-cn	以及或者：

en-us	and finally, the soul of all this old dust from corners forgotten by brooms."
zh-cn	最后，被鸡毛掸子遗漏的房间角落里的陈年灰尘的灵魂"。

en-us	and flowed east to today's Yong'an Bridge (Nangangwa Bridge) area at Nangong Village.
zh-cn	在南宫村东流到今永安桥（南岗洼桥）一带。

en-us	and gable and hip roof with double eaves and hooped head and ridge, such as Liu (Willow) Bridge.
zh-cn	有歇山顶重檐箍头脊式，如柳桥。

en-us	and had from before 136 drachmas
zh-cn	之前余额 136德拉克马

en-us	and had from before 201.5 drachmas
zh-cn	之前余额 201.5德拉克马

en-us	and has an important position in the history of ancient arts and constructions.
zh-cn	在我国古代建筑史和美术史研究上占有重要的地位。

en-us	and have become a pattern and common practice of bridge decoration for future generations, thus forming unique carving artistic style of China's bridge decoration art.
zh-cn	并成为后代建桥装饰的模式和习尚，从而形成我国桥梁装饰艺术的独特雕刻艺术风格。

en-us	and if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be investigated for in accordance with law.
zh-cn	构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

en-us	and if he has worked for less than six months, he shall be paid half of his monthly salary as financial compensation.
zh-cn	不满六个月的，向劳动者支付半个月工资的经济补偿。

en-us	and if the term is fixed for three or more years or is open-ended, the probation period may not exceed six months.
zh-cn	三年以上固定期限和无固定期限的劳动合同，试用期不得超过六个月。

en-us	and in each petal a small square pavilion-style pagoda is built, the pagoda has a statue of Buddha carved,
zh-cn	并在每一个花瓣上建一座亭阁式小方塔，在塔中雕有一尊佛像，

en-us	and it is a three-floor dense-eaves masonry pagoda, known as "Tian Dan Shou Yi Zhen Ren Pagoda", also known as "Luogong Pagoda".
zh-cn	为一座三层密檐砖石结构塔，名为“恬淡守一真人罗公之塔”，又称为罗公塔。

en-us	and it is also the best place for reclusive writers and poets.
zh-cn	同时又是文人墨客隐居的最佳场所。

en-us	and it is an ideal source of drinking water.
zh-cn	是人类理想的饮用水源。

en-us	and it shall give sanctions, according to law, to the leading person of the people's government concerned and the other persons directly responsible.
zh-cn	对有关人民政府负责人和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分。

en-us	and its art characteristic is to integrate mature sculpture art into decoration of bridge.
zh-cn	其工艺特征就是将成熟的雕刻艺术融入桥梁装饰之中。

en-us	and its fine, deep black surface became more and more beautiful.
zh-cn	它美丽的乌黑底色变得越发美丽。

en-us	and many rivers belong to seasonal rivers.
zh-cn	而是很多河流多属季节性河流，

en-us	and must go through this bridge.
zh-cn	安葬时须通过此桥，

en-us	and now Tacha was rebuilt after 1949.
zh-cn	现在的塔刹是1949年后重修的。

en-us	and other pertinent facts. The purpose of the notice is to alert potential bidders in order to allow them to make the preliminary decision regarding their interest and to reserve the time and resources needed to bid⑵.
zh-cn	同大型的生产产业不同，建筑业这块馅饼被成千上万的小的承包商或者转承包商所分割，这些小企业大部分都是家族企业。

en-us	and other pertinent facts. The purpose of the notice is to alert potential bidders in order to allow them to make the preliminary decision regarding their interest and to reserve the time and resources needed to bid⑵.
zh-cn	通知的目的是提醒那些潜在的投标人，以便使他们就投资收益以及参加竞标所必需的时间和财力做初步的决定。

en-us	and other rivers as well as numerous big or small branches of the above rivers.
zh-cn	以及由这些河流分支出的众多大小河流。

en-us	and pines, cypresses and other evergreen trees were widely planted in temples.
zh-cn	庙中遍植松柏等常青树木，

en-us	and revisited there in the 18th year (1753).
zh-cn	乾隆十八年（1753年）再游丫髻山。

en-us	and revisited there in the 55th year (1716).
zh-cn	康熙五十五年（1716年）再游丫髻山。

en-us	and shall be payable by the Employer to the Contractor as set out below.
zh-cn	并按下列规定由雇主向承包商支付：

en-us	and some of them have been listed as protected buildings of cultural relics.
zh-cn	有些已经被列为文物保护建筑加以重点保护。

en-us	and such odd little subjects as the residence with a 100-foot retaining-wall as foundation, overlooking the Fen River at Ling-shih;
zh-cn	奇特的小建筑如俯瞰汾河的灵石民房，地基为高达一百英尺的挡土墙；

en-us	and that finally, with regards to the estimated costs (...) the restoration work will have to be carried out in several different phases with bids to tender made by state-owned institutions."
zh-cn	最后，关于费用估算，维修工程将会分几个阶段进行，由国有公司参与竞标。”

en-us	and the bridges over the rivers are indispensable buildings for crossing the rivers and important landscape in the building groups of altars and temples.
zh-cn	而河上的桥梁又是济渡的必需建筑和建筑群中的重要景观。

en-us	and the building styles are in various forms.
zh-cn	建筑造型多种多样。

en-us	and the construction technology then was increasingly sophisticated and improved, so that the Ming Dynasty became the last peak in the ancient Chinese architecture history.
zh-cn	加上当时的建筑技术日趋成熟完善，获得了巨大的成就，成为中国古代建筑史上的最后一个高峰期。

en-us	and the father of Zaifeng, the Prince Regent of the late Qing Dynasty.
zh-cn	其子载沣在清朝末年为摄政王，

en-us	and the horizon seems to cut down a section of this rainbow under the shining of setting sun, so it is called Duanhong Bridge.
zh-cn	地平线好像把这条彩虹截下一段似的，故称它为“断虹桥”。

en-us	and the illegal income, if any, shall be confiscated.
zh-cn	有违法所得的，没收违法所得；

en-us	and the inscription of about 500 words, written in Chinese on the left and Manchurian language on the right, is a precious document for studying the history.
zh-cn	碑文左为汉字楷书，右为满文，全文近500字之多，史料价值极为重要。

en-us	and the leading person directly in charge and the other persons directly responsible shall be given sanctions according to law:
zh-cn	对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分：

en-us	and the leading person of the people's government concerned and the other persons directly responsible shall be given sanctions according to law.
zh-cn	对有关人民政府负责人和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分。

en-us	and the most representative bridges undoubtedly should be Huoxian Stone Bridge in Tongzhou, Liehu Bridge at Yukou Town, Pinggu District, etc.
zh-cn	最有代表性的梁桥当属通州区漷县东门石桥和平谷区峪口镇的烈虎桥等。

en-us	and the municipal government allocated funds to reconstruct the pavilion on its original site in 2005.
zh-cn	2005年，北京市政府拨款在原址重建碑亭。

en-us	and the other one is that the model is graceful and nice,
zh-cn	二是造型优美好看。

en-us	and the pagoda was completed in the 9th year of Chenghua (1473) named as Zhenjue Temple.
zh-cn	明成化九年（1473年），金刚宝座塔竣工，赐名真觉寺。

en-us	and the people's governments of municipalities directly under the Central Government may decide to set up such commissions in districts and counties;
zh-cn	直辖市人民政府可以决定在区、县设立。

en-us	and the ponds in the monasteries often have the function of setting fish free, i.e. the Setting Fish Free Ponds that we often said.
zh-cn	寺中的河池则多具有放生功能，即人们常说的放生池。

en-us	and the third is most logically assigned to women, as the sexes had always been most carefully separated since the earliest time.
zh-cn	第三层最符合逻辑的是分配给妇女们，因为自古以来，男女从来就是严格分开的。

en-us	and the third with the roof, another.
zh-cn	三层带着屋顶是又一部分。

en-us	and their images are lifelike.
zh-cn	造型栩栩如生。

en-us	and then tests regularly to see if this really happens; and finally, he goes back and thinks the problem through again when he sees something atypical, when he finds phenomena his explanation does not really explain, or when the course of events deviates, even in details, from his expectations.
zh-cn	然后观察是否果然消除了车祸。最后，当出现了别的非常事件时，当出现了他的解答所不能解释的事件时，或者当发生的结果竟与预期不符时，他又回过头来重新检讨原来的问题。

en-us	and there are even some rustic charms of gardens with unique craftsmanship and wonderful workmanship.
zh-cn	更有园林野趣，匠心独运，巧夺天工。

en-us	and there was no threat in the south, so Hongren Bridge in the south didn*t have a defended town.
zh-cn	而南方没有威胁，故而南方之桥宏仁桥不设守城。

en-us	and therefore it became an important landmark of the Beijing Fragrant Hill.
zh-cn	也因此成为北京香山的重要标志性建筑。

en-us	and those already been built shall be closed and dismantled within a prescribed period of time.
zh-cn	已经建成的，应当限期关闭拆除。

en-us	and thus become a special type of ancient buildings and splendid beautiful architecture.
zh-cn	从而成为我国古代建筑中一种特殊类型和绚丽灿烂的建筑艺术奇葩。

en-us	and tiring of it (she) was walking rather aimlessly aft... when it suddenly flashed into her mind that she was she..."
zh-cn	萨特要讨论的不是这个句子，而是它的下面一句："玩厌了这个游戏以后，她漫无目的地走到船尾，这时她脑海中突然闪过一个念头，她就是它……"

en-us	and to see them
zh-cn	看着它们，

en-us	and visited there with his empress the following year.
zh-cn	道光十七年（1837年），道光帝同皇后同游丫髻山。”

en-us	and what is its right place?
zh-cn	什么是适当地方？

en-us	and what is the right use of color as associated with architectural imitative form?
zh-cn	什么是与建筑模仿形状有关的色彩的正确使用方式？

en-us	and where losses are caused to a party, compensation shall be made according to law.
zh-cn	给当事人造成损失的，应当依法给予赔偿。

en-us	and where the housings of individuals are expropriated, their living conditions shall be guaranteed.
zh-cn	征收个人住宅的，还应当保障被征收人的居住条件。

en-us	and where the sole proprietorship enterprise sustains any loss as a result, he shall be liable for damages in accordance with the law; where he has made any illegal gain, such illegal gain shall be confiscated; where a crime is committed, criminal liability shall be imposed.
zh-cn	给企业造成损失的, 依法承担赔偿责任; 有违法所得的, 没收违法所得; 构成犯罪的, 依法追究刑事责任。

en-us	and would be so highly polished that the lizards and earthworms that come in there would see themselves as in a mirror."
zh-cn	光泽是那么透亮，爬在内壁上的蜥蜴和壁虎就像在镜子里一样"。

en-us	and, secondly, contemporary timber and masonry architecture depicted in the reliefs decorating the walls of the caves.
zh-cn	其次是装饰石窟墙体用的浮雕所描绘的同时期的木材及石材建筑。

en-us	and, with the figures, undoubtedly all kinds of utensils necessary for a comfortable living.
zh-cn	同人俑一起当然还有为生活舒适的各种必要用品。

en-us	anthemion: A classical decorative motif based on a plant, with curling leaves or petals.
zh-cn	校友（ancien élève）：巴黎的美术学院的毕业生。

en-us	antithetical couplets
zh-cn	联屏

en-us	any of the circumstances in Subparagraphs (2), (4), (5) or (7) of the preceding paragraph that causes serious consequences shall be punished with a fine of not less than RMB 200,000 yuan but not more than RMB 2,000,000 yuan.
zh-cn	有前款第二项、第四项、第五项、第七项规定行为之一，造成严重后果的，处二十万元以上二百万元以下的罚款。

en-us	arch bridge
zh-cn	环洞桥

en-us	architrave: The lowest portion of a classical entablature.
zh-cn	柱顶过梁（architrave）：古典建筑的檐部最底端的部分。

en-us	are as beautiful as ponds on summer evenings, with their rushes bathing in water that mirrors and transfigures the entire sky."
zh-cn	像夏夜的池塘一般闪闪发亮，还有浸在池塘里的灯心草，还有在池塘里照见自己并变了样的整个天空。"

en-us	are nests in which the birds of obscure origin that, in France, we call macreuses (scoter-ducks), form and hatch."
zh-cn	都是形成并孵出小鸟的鸟巢，这些小鸟起源不明，法国人把它叫做海番鸭（Macreuses）。"

en-us	as for the lighting system in the public area, energy-saving control measures like zoning, time setting and induction shall be taken;
zh-cn	公共区域的照明系统应采用分区、定时、感应等节能控制；

en-us	as grandiose ruins, the ancient buildings still give a clear and fine indication of the virtue and grandeur of the Roman nation, to such an extent that the study of these qualities of virtue have repeatedly fascinated and enthused me; I directed all my thoughts to them with the greatest of expectations.'
zh-cn	这些古老的建筑虽已成为遗迹，但它们仍旧把罗马帝国的美德之所在、宏伟之姿态做出了清晰而又绝佳的展示，而且研究这些高质之美，竟让我达到了为之疯狂的地步。带着最高的期待，我把自己全部的精力都贯注在这些建筑当中。

en-us	asked Hugh. 'Oh, you know,' said Martin with an expansive gesture.
zh-cn	有一次马丁参观完我们事务所回去后休问他："这儿怎么样？"

en-us	asks in effect, "What self-development do I need? What knowledge and skill do I have to acquire to make the contribution I should be making?
zh-cn	这就等于是说：“我需要怎样的自我发展，我应该学习什么知识和技能，才有助于我对组织做出贡献？

en-us	at T'ai-ku, three temples of the Sung and Chin periods in perfect state of preservation; at Tsin-tz'u, the Garden-temple to the Goddess of the Spring, built sometime between 1023 and 1031, a most beautiful grouping of landscape and architecture;
zh-cn	在太谷，三座宋、金时期的庙宇保存完好；祭祀清泉圣母的花园寺庙晋祠，建于公元1023年至1031年间，是最美丽的并垣名胜；

en-us	at the banquet
zh-cn	在宴会上

en-us	at the meeting
zh-cn	在会议上

en-us	at the same time, polygonal also help reduce wind resistance,
zh-cn	从建筑角度看，多角形还有利于减小风阻，对建筑的稳定性十分重要。

en-us	atelier: Literally, studio.
zh-cn	工作室（atelier）：从字面上看，它与stuido意思相同。

en-us	atrium
zh-cn	天井

en-us	attic: An attic is a storage space under a pitched roof where you keep old trunks.
zh-cn	阁楼（attic）：一个位于倾斜的屋顶下的储存空间，多用于保存老旧物品。

en-us	avoidance alleyway
zh-cn	避弄

en-us	b) Member firms have access to an independent inspection, or peer review, of their Quality Management program within guidelines developed by the profession, in collaboration with client groups and/or third party accreditation groups.
zh-cn	b）会员公司可与客户合作组和/或第三方委托的工作组合作，对他们根据行业指南制订的质量管理计划，进行单独的检查，或请同行参加评审。

en-us	b) Proactive Leadership
zh-cn	b）强有力的领导

en-us	b) Provide interested member firms with an outline of what steps to follow to initiate the development of a Quality Management process for their company.
zh-cn	b）给有兴趣的会员公司提供一个大纲，使其了解着手质量管理应采取怎样的步骤。

en-us	b) Quality Procedures
zh-cn	b）质量程序

en-us	b) That there should be a formalized Quality Management System in every consulting engineering firm.
zh-cn	b）每一家工程咨询公司应该有一套规范化的质量管理体系。

en-us	b) to provide guidelines for the selection and use of a series of International Standards on quality systems that can be used for internal Quality Management purposes (ISO 9004) and for external quality assurance purposes (ISO 9001, ISO 9002 and ISO 9003).
zh-cn	b）为选择和使用能用于内部质量管理目的（ISO 9004）和外部质量保证目的（ISO 9001、ISO 9002和ISO 9003）的国际质量体系标准系列提供指南。

en-us	b. Are there written procedures to ensure qualified personnel perform the design and verification activities?
zh-cn	b. 是否有成文程序以保证由合格人员进行设计和验证活动？

en-us	b. Do personnel have adequate training and resources to verify activities?
zh-cn	b. 人员是否得到适当的培训和进行验证活动的资源？

en-us	b. Does the quality leader either report directly to senior management or serve as part of senior management or is a principal?
zh-cn	b. 质量负责人是否直接向高层管理人员报告或者是作为高层管理的一员或者是主要负责人？

en-us	b. Failing to clamp down or handle according to law after finding or receiving reports that any entity which has not obtained approval or has not passed the examinations for acceptance according to law is engaged in relevant activities;
zh-cn	(二) 发现未依法取得批准、验收的单位擅自从事有关活动或者接到举报后不予取缔或者不依法予以处理的;

en-us	b. Failing to create archivist files or failing to make appraisals or monitors or failing to make emergence plans for important sources of danger;
zh-cn	(二) 对重大危险源未登记建档, 或者未进行评估、监控, 或者未制定应急预案的;

en-us	b. In the production and business operation site and the employees' dormitories there is no exit which meets the requirements of emergency dispersal and which is eye-catching and unblocked, or the exit to the sites of production and business operation or the employees' dormitories is closed or blocked.
zh-cn	(二) 生产经营场所和员工宿舍未设有符合紧急疏散需要、标志明显、保持畅通的出口, 或者封闭、堵塞生产经营场所或者员工宿舍出口的。

en-us	b. Is the necessary project information documented, transmitted, and regularly reviewed?
zh-cn	b. 必需的项目信息是否已经成文，并予传递和定期评审？

en-us	b. Is there a person or team with authority to take action to prevent nonconformity?
zh-cn	b. 是否有专人或小组有权采取措施预防不合格产品？

en-us	b. Organizing the formulation of rules of safe production and operational rules of the entity;
zh-cn	(二) 组织制定本单位安全生产规章制度和操作规程;

en-us	b. The construction entity of a mining project or a construction for the production or storage of hazardous substances fails to execute the construction according to the approved design of safety facilities;
zh-cn	(二) 矿山建设项目或者用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目的施工单位未按照批准的安全设施设计施工的;

en-us	b. The major persons-in-charge or the person in charge of production safety of an entity that produces, manages or stores hazardous substances or the mining or construction building entity fails to passed the examinations according to relevant provisions;
zh-cn	(二) 危险物品的生产、经营、储存单位以及矿山、建筑施工单位的主要负责人和安全生产管理人员未按照规定经考核合格的;

en-us	b. To correct the acts violating the statutory provisions of law and discovered in the inspections or demand for correction within a prescribed time limit; to make decisions of administrative penalties according to the provisions of the present law and other relevant laws and regulations to those acts that shall be subject to administrative penalties according to law;
zh-cn	(二) 对检查中发现的安全生产违法行为, 当场予以纠正或者要求限期改正; 对依法应当给予行政处罚的行为, 依照本法和其他有关法律、行政法规的规定作出行政处罚决定。

en-us	b= Labour
zh-cn	b=劳务

en-us	balance deposited to his account 141.5 drachmas
zh-cn	本次余额 141.5德拉克马

en-us	balance deposited to his account 343 drachmas
zh-cn	本次余额 343德拉克马

en-us	balance deposited to his account 65.5 drachmas
zh-cn	本次余额 65.5德拉克马

en-us	baluster: The vertical spindle, or stick, of a balustrade. May be plain or elaborately shaped.
zh-cn	栏杆（baluster）：指栏杆中的垂直主轴或细棍，可以是简单的，也可以是精心塑造的。

en-us	balustrade
zh-cn	槛

en-us	balustrade: The railing of a stair or gallery, consisting of balusters supporting a banister.
zh-cn	阳台或楼梯的栏杆（balustrade）：楼梯或走廊的栏杆，包括支撑扶栏的栏杆。

en-us	banister: The handrail of a balustrade.
zh-cn	扶栏（banister）：栏杆的扶手。

en-us	bath pools, and so on⑵. All of them have different functions, which in turn require different design types as well.
zh-cn	所有这些都有不同的作用，并且反过来也需要不同的设计类型。

en-us	bath pools, and so on⑵. All of them have different functions, which in turn require different design types as well.
zh-cn	通知的目的是提醒那些潜在的投标人，以便使他们就投资收益以及参加竞标所必需的时间和财力做初步的决定。

en-us	bath pools, and so. All of them have different functions, which in turn require different design types as well.
zh-cn	所有这些都有不同的作用，并且反过来也需要不同的设计类型。

en-us	became newly aware, somehow, of the size of the room, reflecting it more and more clearly: pale gray and almost square,...
zh-cn	越来越清楚地映出房间时，因而在某种意义上获得了对房间体积的新意识：干净的灰色，接近立方体……

en-us	because good management is so important in getting projects finished on time, on budget, and to the client? s satisfaction^':.
zh-cn	所有这些都有不同的作用，并且反过来也 需

en-us	because of what we can see from our windows . .
zh-cn	因为我们从窗户往外看到的……

en-us	because the pagoda was painted in red, it commonly was known as "Red Pagoda".
zh-cn	因塔身曾以红色刷饰，俗称为“红塔”，

en-us	being called upon to cariy out the construction work required to convert it into an international centre, Monsieur Le Corbusier has made it more than clear that the plans be submitted for his approval."
zh-cn	被任命来实施施工要求而把它改成国际中心，勒•柯布西耶先生清楚地说明了方案必须经过他的批准。”

en-us	belvedere
zh-cn	阁

en-us	bend
zh-cn	湾头

en-us	bid bonds, payment bonds, and performance bonds.
zh-cn	即投标保证，支付保证和履约保证。

en-us	bilateral non-osseous calcaneo-navicular coalition
zh-cn	双向非骨组织根骨舟状骨附合

en-us	bluestone
zh-cn	蓝砂岩

en-us	boilers that do not meet the prescribed requirements shall not be permitted to be manufactured, sold or imported.
zh-cn	达不到规定要求的锅炉, 不得制造、销售或者进口。

en-us	bond: Brick walls consist of "stretchers" (bricks laid lengthwise) and "headers" (bricks laid crosswise).
zh-cn	砌式（bond）：砖墙由“顺面”（纵向铺设的砖）和“丁面”（砖块横向放置）组成。

en-us	boots & straps (poss. socks) 12 drachmas
zh-cn	靴子和皮带（可能含袜子） 12德拉克马

en-us	borrowed to finance the project, etc. Under the terms of this contract, a contractor may realize a profit, or he may sustain a loss.
zh-cn	因为好的管理能确保 工程在财政预算内按期完成，并达到客户满意。

en-us	borrowed to finance the project, etc. Under the terms of this contract, a contractor may realize a profit, or he may sustain a loss.
zh-cn	在此项合同条款下，承包商可能获利也可能遭受损失。

en-us	both President Franklin Roosevelt and President Lyndon Johnson belong in this category, as apparently did Winston Churchill).
zh-cn	罗斯福总统和英国的丘吉尔都属于这一例外的类型。）

en-us	breakwaters, to protect against the actions of—waves, sea currents, wind and silt; (2) harbour structures for ships to stop and to be loaded and unloaded; (3) structures for ship manufacturing and maintenance; and (4) lighthouses and other navigation marks.
zh-cn	（1）起防护作用，例如防波堤起保护作用，以免受海浪、水流、风和淤泥的冲击；（2）为进出港船只提供装、卸货服务；

en-us	brick archway
zh-cn	砖门楼

en-us	but I had never been invited to any of them."
zh-cn	但是我从来没有接到过任何会议的邀请呀。”

en-us	but an obtuse or rounded part was difficult to damage due to being able to uniformly absorb the force in the earthquake,
zh-cn	但钝角或圆角部分在地震时因受力较为均匀而不易损坏，

en-us	but ancient craftsmen skillfully built a ramp bridge to solve this difficult problem.
zh-cn	但古代工匠很巧妙地建造引桥化解这个难题。

en-us	but in flood seasons, waters rose and increased greatly, huge rivers were around the bridge, the bridge stone became an island in water, and the communications were still blocked.
zh-cn	但是，每逢汛期水势浩大，河水暴涨，环桥南北尽为巨河，石桥成为水中的孤岛，交通仍然受阻。

en-us	but it does not have the correct divisions for a temple.
zh-cn	但是这里没有神庙正确的配设。哈伊里埃·阿姆鲁

en-us	but it is carried around and it overhangs the front and the sides of the house.
zh-cn	但是它是环绕房子四周的，并且悬挑在房子前面和边上。

en-us	but only effectiveness converts them into results. By themselves, they only set limits to what can be attained.
zh-cn	但是，资源本身是有一定局限性的，只有通过管理者卓有成效的工作，才能将这些资源转化为成果。

en-us	but the pagodas left to us from this period, though most of them are masonry structures, also include a unique specimen of wooden pagoda. (Figures 9, 10)
zh-cn	至于此阶段所有留存的佛塔，则大多为砖石结构，只有一座独特的木构架八角塔（即山西应县佛宫寺释迦塔，俗称应县木塔）除外。

en-us	but the question doesn't allow a single answer that will satisfy everyone.
zh-cn	但是，这个问题却没有一个令大家都满意的答案。

en-us	but their form, structure, layout and function, etc., have undergone great changes.
zh-cn	但是，在形式、结构、布局等方面都发生了很大的变化。

en-us	but which are endured, year in and year out, as an Egyptian plague ordained from on high.
zh-cn	然而他们得承受这些负担，一年又一年，就像从天而降的灾难一样躲也躲不了。

en-us	but, if the case is one of infringement on the right to exclusive use of a registered trademark, it shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Article 43 of these Rules.
zh-cn	但属于侵犯注册商标专用权的, 依照本实施细则第四十三条的规定处理。

en-us	but, mortal or not,
zh-cn	但是，这个世界，无论会不会衰朽，

en-us	by John Ruskin
zh-cn	约翰·罗斯金 著；张璘 译

en-us	by Marc Kushner
zh-cn	［美］马克·库什纳著；靳婷婷 译

en-us	by Richard Rogers with Richard Brown
zh-cn	[英]理查德·罗杰斯，理查德·布朗著；张寒译

en-us	by Sarah Williams Goldhagen
zh-cn	[美]莎拉o威廉姆斯o戈德哈根 著；丁丹，张莹冰 译

en-us	by dredging up the river bed and the other is to intersect and store the flood water in the upper reaches, e.g. by building a dam there to regulate the runoff.
zh-cn	另一个是在上游交叉和储存洪水，例如在那里建造大坝而使径流有序流动。

en-us	c Telecommunications Tower in Barcelona, for example, could have taken on any number of forms while still managing to transmit its signals adequately.
zh-cn	就拿巴塞罗那的孟特惠克电讯塔来说吧，它可以采取无数种造型，而都能准确无误地发射它的信号。

en-us	c) Tasks, Instruction, Forms
zh-cn	c）任务、说明、表格

en-us	c) That Quality Management Systems must have the commitment of senior management, involve employees, and prevail throughout an individual firm.
zh-cn	c）质量管理体系必须有高层管理人员的承诺，雇员们的参与，并普及到整个公司。

en-us	c) Total Employee Involvement
zh-cn	c）全体员工的参与

en-us	c. 1500BC A ball court is built in Chiapas, Mexico.
zh-cn	公元前1500年 球场在墨西哥的恰帕斯州建立。

en-us	c. 2000BC The Egyptians domesticate the cat.
zh-cn	公元前2000年 埃及人驯养猫。

en-us	c. Do these personnel have adequate resources and equipment to adequately perform their jobs?
zh-cn	c. 这些人员是否有足够的资源和装备去完成他们的工作？

en-us	c. Do verification activities include:
zh-cn	c. 验证活动是否包括：

en-us	c. Ensuring the effective execution of input in production safety;
zh-cn	(三) 保证本单位安全生产投入的有效实施;

en-us	c. Failing to arrange for specialized administrative personnel to conduct on-spot administration of production safety in the dangerous operations including explosions and hoistings, etc.
zh-cn	(三) 进行爆破、吊装等危险作业, 未安排专门管理人员进行现场安全管理的。

en-us	c. Failing to educate or train the workers according to the provisions of Articles 21 and 22 of the present law or failing to inform truthfully the workers of the production safety matters according to the provisions of Article 36 of the present law;
zh-cn	(三) 未按照本法第二十一条、第二十二条的规定对从业人员进行安全生产教育和培训, 或者未按照本法第三十六条的规定如实告知从业人员有关的安全生产事项的;

en-us	c. Finding that an entity which has obtained approval or passed the examinations for acceptance according to law but fails exercise its duties of supervision and administration and failing to withdraw the original approval or failing to investigate and handle any act violating the statutory provisions concerning production safety.
zh-cn	(三) 对已经依法取得批准的单位不履行监督管理职责, 发现其不再具备安全生产条件而不撤销原批准或者发现安全生产违法行为不予查处的。

en-us	c. If it finds any potential accident in its inspections, it shall order them to be eliminated without delay. If safety cannot be guaranteed before a serious potential accident is eliminated or in the process of elimination, it shall order the employees at work to leave the dangerous areas, and order that the business operation or production or use be suspended or terminated.
zh-cn	(三) 对检查中发现的事故隐患, 应当责令立即排除; 重大事故隐患排除前或者排除过程中无法保证安全的, 应当责令从危险区域内撤出作业人员, 责令暂时停产停业或者停止使用;

en-us	c. Is the quality leader independent of having direct responsibility for work being performed?
zh-cn	c. 质量负责人是否不对执行工作负有直接的责任？

en-us	c. Is there a person or team with responsibility to identify and record quality problems?
zh-cn	c. 是否有专人或小组负责鉴别和记录质量问题？

en-us	c. The safety facilities fail to pass the examinations for acceptance before a mining construction project or a construction project for the production or storage of hazardous substances is put into production or use;
zh-cn	(三) 矿山建设项目或者用于生产、储存危险物品的建设项目竣工投入生产或者使用前, 安全设施未经验收合格的;

en-us	c.10,000 BC
zh-cn	约公元前10000年

en-us	c.10,500 BC
zh-cn	约公元前10500年

en-us	c.10,900 BC
zh-cn	约公元前10900年

en-us	c.1000 BC
zh-cn	约公元前1000年

en-us	c.1000 Gunpowder is invented in China; First Americans build granaries in the cliffs along the Verde River, USA.
zh-cn	约1000年 中国发明了火药；美国人首先在美国佛得角河沿岸的陡岸建造谷仓。

en-us	c.1000–8/700 BC
zh-cn	公元前1000年—前800/700年

en-us	c.1100 The Tower of London welcomes its first prisoners.
zh-cn	约1100年 伦敦塔迎来了第一批囚犯。

en-us	c.1500 BC
zh-cn	约公元前1500年

en-us	c.1500–1000 BC
zh-cn	公元前1500年—前1000年

en-us	c.1600–1046 BC
zh-cn	公元前1600年—前1046年

en-us	c.2000 BC
zh-cn	约公元前2000年

en-us	c.2200–1500 BC
zh-cn	公元前2200年—前1500年

en-us	c.2500–2200 BC
zh-cn	公元前2500年—前2200年

en-us	c.2900–1800 BC
zh-cn	公元前2900年—前1800年

en-us	c.2900–2500 BC
zh-cn	公元前2900年—前2500年

en-us	c.3200 BC
zh-cn	约公元前3200年

en-us	c.3200–1600 BC
zh-cn	公元前3200年—前1600年

en-us	c.3200–2800 BC
zh-cn	公元前3200年—前2800年

en-us	c.3500–2900 BC
zh-cn	公元前3500年—前2900年

en-us	c.3800–3400 BC
zh-cn	公元前3800年—前3400年

en-us	c.3800–3600 BC
zh-cn	公元前3800年—前3600年

en-us	c.3900–3800 BC
zh-cn	公元前3900年—前3800年

en-us	c.4000 BC
zh-cn	约公元前4000年

en-us	c.4000–3500 BC
zh-cn	公元前4000年—前3500年

en-us	c.4200 BC
zh-cn	约公元前4000年

en-us	c.5500 BC
zh-cn	约公元前5500年

en-us	c.6200 BC
zh-cn	约公元前6200年

en-us	c.6500 BC
zh-cn	约公元前6500年

en-us	c.8/700 BC – AD 43
zh-cn	公元前800年—公元43年

en-us	c.8000 BC
zh-cn	约公元前8000年

en-us	c.9000 BC
zh-cn	约公元前9000年

en-us	c.9300–8400 BC
zh-cn	公元前9300年—前8400年

en-us	c.9400 BC
zh-cn	约公元前9400年

en-us	c.9600 BC
zh-cn	约公元前9600年

en-us	caisson ceiling
zh-cn	藻井

en-us	came back with your warm letter which reached me only after my return to Peking a few days ago.
zh-cn	（钱）端升带回来你热情洋溢的信件的时候，我正在波兰和德国。几天前，我刚结束访问回到北京，就收到了你的来信。

en-us	can speak English only a little, do you understand me?
zh-cn	我只能说一点英语，你能听懂吗?

en-us	cantilever: A simple beam is supported at both ends; a cantilevered beam is supported only at one end and projects like a diving board.
zh-cn	悬臂（cantilever）：简支梁两端支撑，悬臂梁只在一端支撑，像跳板一样突出。

en-us	capital
zh-cn	柱顶

en-us	carbon 0.22%
zh-cn	碳 0.22%

en-us	carved with the design of stylized waves and mountain peaks in relief.
zh-cn	阳面浮雕上塑海水江崖四兽。

en-us	cave
zh-cn	洞曲

en-us	ceramic tiles, The Alcazar, Seville, fourteenth century
zh-cn	瓷砖，摩尔人国王的宫殿，塞维利亚，十四世纪

en-us	certain rich mandarins own bathtubs made of one of these shells."
zh-cn	有钱的官老爷们家里都有这种贝壳做的浴缸。"

en-us	chamber
zh-cn	斋

en-us	charrette: A term that originated in the École des Beaux-Arts where carts (charrettes) were used to transport the large drawings from the atelier to the main building on the rue Bonaparte for evaluation by the professors.
zh-cn	设计研讨会（charrette）：起源于巴黎美术学院的专业术语。当时在美术学院，学生用手推车把图从工作室运到波拿巴街的主楼，供教授点评。

en-us	chez de me sauver mon pauvre Versailles' ('Try to save my poor Versailles for me').
zh-cn	试着为我拯救可怜的凡尔赛宫吧。"

en-us	civil engineering construction machinery
zh-cn	施工机械

en-us	classicism: A classical building uses an architectural vocabulary derived from the Greco-Roman architectural tradition.
zh-cn	古典主义（Classicism）：古典建筑中使用的建筑词汇源于希腊-罗马的建筑传统。

en-us	cliff inscription; stone inscription
zh-cn	摩崖

en-us	cole Polytechnique in Paris or the Engineering Academy of Dresden. The essence of great architecture was understood to reside in what was functionally unnecessary.
zh-cn	伟大建筑的本质就在于那些在功能上并无必要的元素。

en-us	cole des Beaux Arts in Paris, and Howells set up practice in New York, establishing a reputation such that he was one of the ten American architects invited to enter the competition.
zh-cn	豪威尔斯与胡德初次相识于非常传统的巴黎美术学院，他们都在那里学习。豪威尔斯在纽约执业，并确立了自己的声誉，所以成为获邀参加竞赛的10位美国建筑师之一。

en-us	cole pratique des hautes études, created in 1868, placed an emphasis on archival research by professionally trained cadres of historians. Work in archives could not only reveal hidden facets of the past, but also dispose of myths that had built up over time and been disseminated widely enough to give them credence.
zh-cn	对文献的研究不仅能揭露过去那些被隐藏起来的方面，还能破除随时间推移而形成，并因广泛传播而被足够多的人相信的神话。

en-us	colonnade
zh-cn	廊庑

en-us	commentaries in Yuanming Yuan Tuyong 1987). East of this viewing chamber was a larger structure named the Hanyuan Zhai surrounded by magnolia trees, which fill the air with fragrance when they blossom.
zh-cn	在这座观景楼的东边是名为"涵远斋"的巨大建筑，四周玉兰树环绕，当花朵盛放之时，到处飘香。

en-us	commentaries in Yuanming Yuan Tuyong 1987). East of this viewing chamber was a larger structure named the Hanyuan Zhai surrounded by magnolia trees, which fill the air with fragrance when they blossom.
zh-cn	在这座观景楼的东边是名为“涵远斋”的巨大建筑，四周玉兰树环绕，当花朵盛放之时，到处飘香。

en-us	common tools
zh-cn	常用工具

en-us	company in its organization and management structure. But General Motors is clearly an international company today.
zh-cn	可是到了今天，通用汽车公司已成为一家“国际公司”了。

en-us	construction which affects city planning but can still be remedied shall, by order of the competent department of city planning administration of the local people's government at or above the county level, be corrected within a prescribed period of time and be concurrently punishable by a fine.
zh-cn	影响城市规划, 尚可采取改正措施的, 由县级以上地方人民政府城市规划行政主管部门责令限期改正, 并处罚款。

en-us	continuous-span construction
zh-cn	勾连搭

en-us	converges to become Jishuitan, goes out of Wenmingmen, and flows into the Bai River at Gaolizhuang, Tongzhou.
zh-cn	南汇为积水潭，东南出文明门，东至通州高丽庄入白河。

en-us	converse room
zh-cn	倒座

en-us	convex molding
zh-cn	凸形线脚

en-us	copyrights to some fifty books which have now been translated into four or five languages (...)
zh-cn	有50本书的版权，这些书已经被翻译成4种或5种语言……

en-us	corbel bracket
zh-cn	斗棋

en-us	cornice: The uppermost part of a classical entablature.
zh-cn	檐口（cornice）：古典建筑中檐部最高的部分。

en-us	corridor
zh-cn	回廊

en-us	cour de marbre
zh-cn	大理石庭院

en-us	cracked-ice pattern
zh-cn	冰纹

en-us	crescent beam
zh-cn	月梁

en-us	cupola of the Mausoleum of Turabeg Khanum, Kunya, Urgench, 1370
zh-cn	图拉贝格·哈努姆陵的穹顶，昆雅，乌尔根奇，1370

en-us	curie housed ceremonial and royal mounts, as well as a riding school and the school of royal pages, while the Petite? curie to the left provided stabling for draught horses and included the palace blacksmith (the maréchalerie).
zh-cn	在大道右侧，大马厩中容纳着仪式用车马和王室坐骑，还有马术学校以及培训王室侍从的学校；左侧的小马厩则用于饲养驮马，其中还建有一座打制马蹄铁的作坊。

en-us	curies on the Avenue de Paris, while the massive quadrangular Grand Commun was constructed behind the southern ministry wing for administrative staff and for service functions, as well as providing overflow lodgings.
zh-cn	后来马厩被迁至巴黎大道上的新址，同时在南侧大臣翼楼后方修建起一座庞大的四边形建筑，作为行政人员和服务机构的驻地，并提供更多居住场所。

en-us	curies on the doorstep of the palace has also made them part of the Versailles visitor experience: since 2012 the Petite? curie has housed a sculpture museum; and in 2016 a modernised museum of carriages reopened within the Grande?
zh-cn	位于凡尔赛宫门口的马厩经过现代化改造，也成为观光者游览体验的一部分：从2012年开始，大马厩被改造成雕塑博物馆；到2016年，一座现代化的马车博物馆在这里重新开放。

en-us	curtain wall: A nonstructural wall that is attached to—hangs from—the exterior of a building.
zh-cn	幕墙（curtain wall）：挂在建筑物外部的非承重墙。

en-us	d) A Visionary Program Design
zh-cn	d）制订目标计划

en-us	d) That Quality Management Systems should include formal monitoring systems within individual firms which ensure that the programs are being continuously carried out.
zh-cn	d）质量管理体系应包括各个公司内的正规的监视系统，以保证 计划能持续实施。

en-us	d. Are verification criteria documented and available to qualified personnel so they may ensure the design conforms to requirements?
zh-cn	d. 是否有成文的验证标准可供合格人员使用，使他们能保证设计满足要求？

en-us	d. Failing to place eye-catching safety warning marks on the sites of production and business operation or relevant facilities and equipments which are considerably dangerous;
zh-cn	(四) 未在有较大危险因素的生产经营场所和有关设施、设备上设置明显的安全警示标志的;

en-us	d. Is the president or CEO committed to ensuring that quality standards are implemented and maintained?
zh-cn	d. 总裁或行政主管是否承诺保证坚持执行质量标准？

en-us	d. Is there a person or team with authority to develop improvement systems?
zh-cn	d. 是否有专人或小组有权开发改进系统？

en-us	d. Overseeing and inspecting the work of production safety of the entity and eliminating in good time the potential production safety accidents;
zh-cn	(四) 督促、检查本单位的安全生产工作, 及时消除生产安全事故隐患;

en-us	d. Shall be entitled to seal up or detain the facilities, equipments and apparatuses that are believed as not meeting the national or industrial standards for guaranteeing production safety.
zh-cn	(四) 对有根据认为不符合保障安全生产的国家标准或者行业标准的设施、设备、器材予以查封或者扣押, 并应当在十五日内依法作出处理决定。

en-us	d. The special operation staff members failing to receive specialized trainings in production safety and failing to obtain a qualifications certificate for the special operations according to the provisions yet still works at his position.
zh-cn	(四) 特种作业人员未按照规定经专门的安全作业培训并取得特种作业操作资格证书, 上岗作业的。

en-us	d., 97:525-526 and Hargett 1988-1989, 1-6). Many historians believe that the hateful rock transport contributed to the downfall of the Northern Song.
zh-cn	很多历史学家相信，引起民怨的花石纲是导致北宋灭亡的原因之一。

en-us	d., 97:525–526 and Hargett 1988–1989, 1–6). Many historians believe that the hateful rock transport contributed to the downfall of the Northern Song.
zh-cn	很多历史学家相信，引起民怨的花石纲是导致北宋灭亡的原因之一。

en-us	dates and times
zh-cn	日期和时间

en-us	de or Mozart's Requiem. The man who has eye and intellect will invent beautiful proportions, and cannot help it; but he can no more tell us how to do it than Wordsworth could tell us how to write a sonnet, or than Scott could have told us how to plan a romance.
zh-cn	有眼力、有思想的人都会发明美丽的比例，而且情不自禁，但是关于怎么做的问题，他就如同华兹华斯无法告诉我们如何写十四行诗或者像司各特无法告诉我们如何编撰浪漫故事一样，无法告诉我们任何东西。

en-us	deconstructivism: The term deconstructivism came to the fore in the late 1980s thanks in part to a Museum of Modern Art exhibition organized by Philip Johnson and Mark Wigley that featured the work of Peter Eisenman, Rem Koolhaas, Daniel Libeskind, Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid, and others.
zh-cn	解构主义（Deconstructivism）：“解构主义”一词在20世纪80年代末出现，部分原因是菲利普•约翰逊和马克•韦格利（Mark Wigley）组织了一个现代艺术博物馆展览，展出了彼得•艾森曼、雷姆•库哈斯、丹尼尔•利贝斯金德、弗兰克•盖里、扎哈•哈迪德（Zaha Hadid）等人的作品。

en-us	deep on center" (Liu 1997, 135). Gardens and libraries had served as symbols of wealth and prestige ever since Ming China.
zh-cn	自明代以来，园林和藏书楼就成为财富和声望的象征。

en-us	deep on center” (Liu 1997, 135). Gardens and libraries had served as symbols of wealth and prestige ever since Ming China.
zh-cn	自明代以来，园林和藏书楼就成为财富和声望的象征。

en-us	dense-eaves pagoda is tall, straight and majestic, thus becomes the first choice of religious buildings.
zh-cn	由于密檐式塔具有造型高大挺拔，雄伟壮观，绚丽多姿等特点，故成为宗教建筑中的首选。

en-us	der house. A committee formed to promote the ideals of De Stijl might have done.
zh-cn	一个住宅委员会决不会委托施罗德住宅这样的设计，除非这个委员会是专门为推广风格派艺术理想而组建的。

en-us	der in Utrecht (Figure 9).
zh-cn	der）在乌得勒支所做的住宅设计中（图9）。

en-us	der name imperishably in the public eye, then that might have been a reason for building a house in this way, but of course the house's reputation could not be predicted in advance, and this form of argument could not have been rationally allowed at the time that Mrs Schr?
zh-cn	如果当初人们就知道这座建筑可以令施罗德的名字流芳百世，那么，这可能会成为如此建造这座建筑一个理由，但是，毫无疑问的是，建筑物的声誉无法事先估计。这种形式的理由在施罗德夫人决定建造这座房屋的那个时代是缺乏理性的。

en-us	der took the decision to build. What is more likely to have persuaded her of the rightness of the design was the force of Rietveld's personal conviction.
zh-cn	说服她接受这一设计的原因更可能是因为里特维尔德个人对设计的确信不移。

en-us	detachable window
zh-cn	和合窗

en-us	discussion of problems of mutual concern among member associations and representatives of the international financial institutions;
zh-cn	讨论会员协会和国际金融机构的代表们共同关心的问题，

en-us	double-lane loggia/walkway
zh-cn	复廊

en-us	dragon-topped wall
zh-cn	龙墙

en-us	e) Customer Satisfaction
zh-cn	e）顾客满意

en-us	e) That where feasible, member associations should assist their member firms in developing formalized Quality Management Systems through providing guides and general support.
zh-cn	e）如可能，会员协会可通过提供指南和全面支持的办法，帮助其会员公司发展规范化的质量管理体系。

en-us	e. Is there a defined way to verify the implementation and results of the proposed improvement systems?
zh-cn	e. 是否有规定的方法对建议的改进系统的实施和结果进行验

en-us	e. Organizing the formulation and execution of plans for emergency rescue and relief of production safety accidents of the entity
zh-cn	(五) 组织制定并实施本单位的生产安全事故应急救援预案;

en-us	e. The installation, use, test, transformation or discarding safety facilities as useless is not in conformity with national standards or industrial standards;
zh-cn	(五) 安全设备的安装、使用、检测、改造和报废不符合国家标准或者行业标准的;

en-us	e., removing formwork in this case). Fortunately, formal scheduling methods and good computer scheduling programs will find any such errors in the logic of the construction plan.
zh-cn	在此项合同条款下，承包商可能获利也可能遭受损失。

en-us	each house top has a small Lama pagoda,
zh-cn	每一阁顶设有小型喇嘛塔一座，

en-us	each pagoda is built on a high platform.
zh-cn	每座塔都建有高台基，

en-us	each specific, each approximate, each, to use the physicist's terminology, a "virtual" rather than a real decision. It has to be a decision in principle.
zh-cn	每一步摸索，用物理学上的术语来说都是“虚拟的”，而不是“真正的”的决策。

en-us	easures for the Evaluation of the Demonstration Projects of Buildings Constructed with Renewable Energy
zh-cn	可再生能源建筑应用示范项目评审办法

en-us	end of pavilion ridge
zh-cn	戗角头

en-us	engineering materials
zh-cn	工程材料

en-us	engineering project
zh-cn	工程项目

en-us	engineering, procurement and transportation, and field construction."
zh-cn	工程设计、采购和运输、以及现场施工。

en-us	entablature: A beam-like element that spans between the columns of a classical temple. An entablature is subdivided into architrave, frieze, and cornice.
zh-cn	檐部（entablature）：一种横梁状的元素，横跨在古典庙宇的柱子之间，被细分为框檐、雕带和檐板。

en-us	entasis
zh-cn	卷杀

en-us	entasis: The swelling taper of a classical column.
zh-cn	卷杀（entasis）：古典柱的由粗渐细的做法。

en-us	environmental noise pollution, as used in this Law, means that the environmental noise emitted exceeds the environmental noise emitted limits set by the State on the environmental noise emitted and impairs people's daily life, work and study.
zh-cn	本法所称环境噪声污染, 是指所产生的环境噪声超过国家规定的环境噪声排放标准, 并干扰他人正常生活、工作和学习的现象。

en-us	erection of the equipment
zh-cn	设备安装

en-us	escalator shall adopt energy-saving control measures such as frequency conversion induction start.
zh-cn	自动扶梯应采用变频感应启动等节能控制措施。

en-us	especially pagoda group in the Tanzhe Temple and Jietai Pagoda's courtyard which should rank highest among pagoda groups in Beijing.
zh-cn	特别是潭柘寺和戒台寺塔院的塔林，当为北京塔林之冠。

en-us	especially several big rivers in the outskirts of Beijing greatly affected the communication with the east, west, south and north.
zh-cn	特别是北京郊外有几条大河阻隔，使南北东西交通受到极大影响。

en-us	especially the bridges in palaces and gardens.their role in landscaping is more prominent.
zh-cn	特别是宫苑、园囿中的桥梁，在建筑艺术、营造景观等方面的作用更加突出。

en-us	especially the high arch bridges in gardens are esthetical, have beautiful degree of arc and wonderful workmanship, and are highly praised by people.
zh-cn	特别是园林中的高拱桥，极富美感，其弧度优美，巧夺天工，令人赞叹不已。

en-us	esquisse: A preliminary design sketch by an École des Beaux-Arts student made in isolation during a twelve-hour period.
zh-cn	草图（esquisse）：巴黎美术学院要求学生在12小时内独立创造的一种表达初步设计的素描。

en-us	etc.). Equity financing (use of cash flows from other projects owned by the developer).
zh-cn	幸好，正规的进度计划编制方法和良好的计算机进度计划编制程序均能识别出施工计划中的此类逻辑错误。

en-us	etc.). Equity financing (use of cash flows from other projects owned by the developer).
zh-cn	股票融资（开发商所有的从其他项目所获得的现金流）。

en-us	except in cases where domestic producers are related to the exporters or importers or are themselves importers of the dumped imports or like products.
zh-cn	但是, 国内生产者与出口经营者或者进口经营者有关联的, 或者其本身为倾销进口产品的进口经营者的, 可以排除在国内产业之外。

en-us	exchange of views and information;
zh-cn	交换观点和交流信息，

en-us	expects the patient to tell him what is relevant. When the patient says, "Doctor, I can't sleep.
zh-cn	医生期望病人能告诉他有关的事实。

en-us	expenditure= 106 drachmas
zh-cn	总支出 106德拉克马

en-us	expenditure= 182 drachmas
zh-cn	总支出 182德拉克马

en-us	expenditure= 247.5 drachmas
zh-cn	总支出 247.5德拉克马

en-us	f) Synergized System Implementation
zh-cn	F）贯彻协同体制

en-us	f) That, where feasible, member associations develop a facility by which their membership may seek the independent inspection of their Quality Management System.
zh-cn	f）如可能，会员协会应开辟一种便利，使会员能对他们的质量管理体系进行独立自主的检査。

en-us	f. Failing to carry out regular maintenance or service or regular tests to the safety facilities;
zh-cn	(六) 未对安全设备进行经常性维护、保养和定期检测的;

en-us	f. Is there a person or team with the authority to standardize successful improvement systems?
zh-cn	f. 是否有专人或小组有权对成功的改进系统进行标准化？

en-us	f. Reporting production safety accidents truthfully and in good time.
zh-cn	(六) 及时、如实报告生产安全事故。

en-us	façade: The front, or face, of a building.
zh-cn	建筑正立面（façade）：建筑物的正面。

en-us	finely ground brick
zh-cn	水磨转

en-us	first, the development of the Chinese Buddhist temple itself caused the layout changes.
zh-cn	一是中国佛教自身的发展引起佛寺布局的变化，

en-us	first-floor plan
zh-cn	一层平面

en-us	firstly, the caves themselves, including the architectural treatment of the exterior and interior;
zh-cn	首先是石窟本身，包括外部和内部的建筑处理；

en-us	five-purlin beam
zh-cn	五架梁

en-us	floor-length window
zh-cn	槅扇

en-us	floral pendant gate
zh-cn	垂花门

en-us	flutes: The shallow grooves cut into classical columns are called flutes.
zh-cn	槽沟（flutes）：古典柱的浅凹槽称为槽沟。

en-us	followed by the Haidian District with a number accounts for 1/5,
zh-cn	其次是海淀区，拥有古塔数超过全市郊区总数的五分之一；

en-us	for and on behalf of the Employer in the presence of ________ for and on behalf of the Employer in the presence of ________
zh-cn	作为______或代表雇主_______ 作为____或代表承包商________

en-us	for buildings with non-central heating and air conditioning systems, measures or reserved conditions for the guarantee of the indoor thermal environment shall be provided.
zh-cn	采用非集中供暖空调系统的建筑，应具有保障室内热环境的措施或预留条件。

en-us	for clothes 145.5 drachmas
zh-cn	衣服 145.5德拉克马

en-us	for each 10% reduction, 5 points are added; at most 30 points.
zh-cn	每再降低10%，再得5分，最高得30分。

en-us	for each additional 10%, 1 point is added, at most 8 points.
zh-cn	每再增加10%，再得1分，最高得8分。

en-us	for each additional 2%, 1 point is added, at most 8 points.
zh-cn	每再增加2%，再得1分，最高得8分。

en-us	for example, there is a pavilion bridge respectively built at the northeast corner and northwest corner of Imperial Garden of the Forbidden City.
zh-cn	例如，故宫御花园中东北角和西北角各建有一座亭阁桥，

en-us	for food 80 drachmas
zh-cn	食物 80德拉克马

en-us	for project not going through review and approval formalities or considered unqualified after the review and examination, the competent construction administrative department shall not issue the license for construction and the construction unit shall not carry out the construction.
zh-cn	未经审核或者经审核不合格的, 建设行政主管部门不得发给施工许可证, 建设单位不得施工。

en-us	for public buildings, the fixed surfaces of the sharing spaces are all paved and finished, and the basic equipment such as water, heating, electricity and ventilation are all installed in place.
zh-cn	公共建筑公共区域的固定面全部铺贴、粉刷完成，水、暖、电、通风等基本设备全部安装到位。

en-us	for showing or forbearing to show favour or disfavour to any person in relation to the Contract,
zh-cn	（ii）使该人员对与该合同有关的任何人员表示赞同或不赞同，

en-us	for the simple reason that the Lord did not create people as "resources" for organization.
zh-cn	原因很简单：上帝创造人时并没有想到他们将来要管理组织。

en-us	for units who do not make the corrections within the time limit, the person in charge with direct responsibility or other personnel with direct responsibility shall be given administrative sanction or disciplinary warning.
zh-cn	逾期不改正的, 对其直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分或者处警告。

en-us	friar, Wells Cathedral, Somerset, 1326
zh-cn	托钵僧，威尔斯大教堂，萨默塞特，1326

en-us	frieze: The central portion of a classical entablature, in the Doric order consisting of triglyphs and metopes.
zh-cn	檐壁（frieze）：古典建筑檐部的中间部分，在多立克柱式中包含三联浅槽饰和柱间壁。

en-us	from jamb to jamb, and the southern five feet exactly. Five inches in five feet is a considerable variation.
zh-cn	相对于5英尺，5英寸是一个不小的变化。

en-us	full-length horizontal tablet/ architrave
zh-cn	通长额枋

en-us	furthermore, this dwelling (...)
zh-cn	此外，这栋住宅……

en-us	g) Continuous Improvement
zh-cn	g）持续不断的改进

en-us	g) That assessment of Quality Management Systems shall be from the perspective of a consulting engineering practice.
zh-cn	g）质量管理体系的评价将从工程咨询实践的整体看法中得出。

en-us	g. Failing to provide labor protection products to the workers according to the national or industrial standards;
zh-cn	(七) 未为从业人员提供符合国家标准或者行业标准的劳动防护用品的;

en-us	g., young unmarried women. The personnel actions to which dependence on the averages will lead - for instance, the typical plantwide safety campaign - will not produce the desired results, may indeed make things worse.
zh-cn	所以，有关人事方面的措施，如果仅以“平均数”为依据——例如据以推动全厂性的安全运动，就不见得能收到预期效果，甚至可能使情况更糟。

en-us	gable
zh-cn	山墙

en-us	gate in a wall
zh-cn	地穴

en-us	gazebo
zh-cn	榭

en-us	generally, they are about 30 centimeters or so high, as has strong national feature.
zh-cn	一般多在30厘米左右，具有浓郁的民族特色。

en-us	gerberette: A short-propped cantilevered beam invented by the nineteenth-century German bridge engineer Heinrich Gerber.
zh-cn	格贝尔悬臂梁（gerberette）：一种由19世纪德国桥梁工程师海因里希•格贝尔（Heinrich Gerber）发明的短支撑悬臂梁。

en-us	give us, little by little, the solution of this problem.
zh-cn	渐渐教会我们解决问题的方案。

en-us	given that the state of the wall is extremely bad, it would be cheaper to put up wire fencing rather than rebuild the wall."
zh-cn	假定墙体的状态非常槽糕，建造铁丝网篱笆将会比重建墙体更为便宜。”

en-us	golden lamp and cherub necessary for those who had seen the fires of heaven falling like a mantle on Mount Sinai, and its golden courts opened to receive their mortal lawgiver? What!
zh-cn	对那些曾经见识过天火像斗篷一样落在西奈山上、见识过金色的天庭敞开大门迎接人间的立法者的人们来说，有什么必要使用金灯和金色的天使？

en-us	greetings and introductions
zh-cn	问候和介绍

en-us	ground-floor plan
zh-cn	地面层平面

en-us	guarantee - warranty periods. Should any portion of the work prove unacceptable to the owner and should the contractor refuse to provide a remedy, the client has recourse to the insurer to correct the deficiency⑺.
zh-cn	工程的任何部分如果达不到业主的要求，并且承包商拒绝采取补救措施， 委托人将要求担保人纠正其过失行为。

en-us	guarantee - warranty periods. Should any portion of the work prove unacceptable to the owner and should the contractor refuse to provide a remedy, the client has recourse to the insurer to correct the deficiency⑺.
zh-cn	股票融资（开发商所有的从其他项目所获得的现金流）。

en-us	h) Prevention Focus
zh-cn	h）预防（错误）的焦点

en-us	h. A special equipment or a container or transportation for hazardous substances is put into use before passing the detection and test of the eligible institutions and obtaining a certificate for safety use or a safety label;
zh-cn	(八) 特种设备以及危险物品的容器、运输工具未经取得专业资质的机构检测、检验合格, 取得安全使用证或者安全标志, 投入使用的;

en-us	had a team of able people, the later "Brains Trust," working on an alternative - a radical policy based on the proposals of the old-time "Progressives, " and aimed at economic and social reform on a grand scale.
zh-cn	但是同时，罗斯福总统还有另一批后来被称为“智囊团”的人才，专门研究“替代方案”。那套替代方案以早年西奥多·罗斯福总统时代进步党的建议为基础，是一种根本不同的政策，以经济和社会的全面改革为目的。

en-us	hall
zh-cn	堂

en-us	hanging fascia
zh-cn	挂落

en-us	has a core philosophy that all of a company's endeavours can affect quality. For example, if a firm's finances are not well managed, the leadership focuses on payroll, overhead, invoices and cash flow, all to the detriment of service quality to clients.
zh-cn	例如，如果一家公司的财务管理不善，领导精力忙于支付工资、管理费、发票和现金流，所有这些都会有害于对客户的服务质量。

en-us	has been kicked around in many a seminar, but it still divides opinion.
zh-cn	这个老生常谈的问题已经在很多研讨会上被提起过了，但人们的意见仍旧存在着分歧。

en-us	has collapsed (...) we beg that you go to Poissy as soon as possible."
zh-cn	倒塌了，我们恳请你们立刻赶去普瓦西。”

en-us	hay 10 drachmas
zh-cn	干草 10德拉克马

en-us	he always asks: Does the explanation explain the observed events and does it explain all of them?
zh-cn	他一定经常自问：“这一解释能说明某些事件吗？能说明所有同类的事件吗？”

en-us	he is almost certain to find that he can actually do much more than he has time and resources for.
zh-cn	他准能找出许许多多重大的工作，就只怕他的时间和资源不够而已。

en-us	he ought rather to sit on a bag of coals, although it might not prove so comfortable a seat.'
zh-cn	他应该宁愿坐在一包煤上，尽管不是那么舒服。

en-us	he responded - though he did join the partners in the end.
zh-cn	他回答说--不过他最终还是成了我们的合伙人。

en-us	henge
zh-cn	木石圈

en-us	here an administrative license is annulled according to the second paragraph of this Article, the interests obtained by the licensee on the basis of this administrative license shall not be protected
zh-cn	依照本条第二款的规定撤销行政许可的, 被许可人基于行政许可取得的利益不受保护。

en-us	here are your stars!" he exclaimed, drawing several crosses on one of the pages in his sketchbook, signalling the orifices through which the sun's rays would filter to form a crown of light.
zh-cn	之后，他就在他的速写簿上画了好几个十字形以表示小孔，阳光就通过这些小孔透过形成一道光晕。

en-us	here is another fundamental truth: man needs colour.
zh-cn	这里还有一个基本事实：人们需要色彩。

en-us	high tech: More an attitude than a style, high tech emerged in the 1970s in the work of such architects as Norman Foster, Richard Rogers, and Renzo Piano.
zh-cn	高技派建筑（high tech）：与其说它是一种风格，不如说它是一种对建筑的态度。高技派建筑出现在20世纪70年代，代表性建筑师有诺曼•福斯特、理查德•罗杰斯和伦佐•皮亚诺。

en-us	hip rafter
zh-cn	角梁

en-us	his secretary of the Interior, Harold Ickes, whose diaries are full of diatribes against the President's "sloppiness, " "indiscretions, " and "treachery."
zh-cn	那是罗斯福总统的内政部长伊基斯，他批评罗斯福的政权是最无聊的政权。在伊基斯的日记中，充满了指责罗斯福的种种形容词，“懒散”、“轻率”，甚至“误国”。

en-us	how beneath the mark of attack, and the level of contempt, that which is common with us!
zh-cn	我们熟知的一切已经不值得攻击，不值得鄙视！

en-us	how many pages of doubtful record might we not often spare, for a few stones left one upon another!
zh-cn	--有了几个相互叠加的石头，我们可以扔掉多少页令人怀疑的记录！

en-us	how pleasurable it would be to have the power of going through the streets of London, pulling down those brackets and friezes and large names, restoring to the tradesmen the capital they had spent in architecture, and putting them on honest and equal terms, each with his name in black letters over his door, not shouted down the street from the upper stories, and each with a plain wooden shop casement, with small panes in it that people would not think of breaking in order to be sent to prison!
zh-cn	假如我们能有力量走在伦敦大街上，把那些托座、中楣和巨大的招牌都扯下来，把商人们在建筑上花费的资金都还给他们，使他们诚实做人，相互平等，假如每一家商店都用黑字把名字写在门的上方，而不是从楼上垂下来，都留着朴实的木头窗子，窗子上装有小块玻璃，人们除非想坐牢，否则不会想打碎这些玻璃，假如能够这样，那将会多么令人愉快啊！

en-us	however, if the imported product is not resold to an independent buyer, or not resold in the condition as imported, the export price may be determined on the basis of a reasonable price fixed by MOFCOM.
zh-cn	但是, 该进口产品未转售给独立购买人或者未按进口时的状态转售的, 可以以商务部根据合理基础推定的价格为出口价格。

en-us	however, the labor contract concluded later may not prejudice the performance of the one concluded earlier.
zh-cn	但是，后订立的劳动合同不得影响先订立的劳动合同的履行。

en-us	i) Background to the Production of this Guide
zh-cn	i）指南产生的背景

en-us	i) Customer Relationship
zh-cn	i）客户关系

en-us	i. Design Estimates.
zh-cn	i．设计估算。

en-us	i. Using any of the techniques or equipments that endanger production safety and that have been explicitly announced to be eliminated or to be prohibited from use.
zh-cn	(九) 使用国家明令淘汰、禁止使用的危及生产安全的工艺、设备的。

en-us	identify ways to improve quality,
zh-cn	选定改进质量的道路；

en-us	identify ways to measure improvement and get started on a modest program.
zh-cn	确认衡量改进的方法，制定稳妥的计划开始实施。

en-us	if Tacha is high, then big wooden sticks used to go through the top two or three floors.
zh-cn	如果塔刹很高，即用大木杆插入一两层或三层塔顶。

en-us	if a crime is constituted, it/he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
zh-cn	构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

en-us	if a criminal is constituted, it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law;
zh-cn	构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；

en-us	if a party refuses to accept the decision, it may bring a suit before a people's court.
zh-cn	调解不成的, 当事人可以向人民法院起诉。

en-us	if a registered trademark is used in the case, it shall be revoked in accordance with the provisions of the Trademark Law.
zh-cn	使用注册商标的, 应当依照《商标法》的规定, 撤销其注册商标。

en-us	if harm is done to a worker, the employing unit shall be liable for compensation:
zh-cn	给劳动者造成损害的，应当承担赔偿责任：

en-us	if harm is done to the workers, it shall be liable for compensation.
zh-cn	给劳动者造成损害的，应当承担赔偿责任。

en-us	if it cannot be completed within 45 days, it may, upon the approval of the people's government of the same level, be extended for 15 days, and the applicant shall be notified of the reason for extension
zh-cn	四十五日内不能办结的, 经本级人民政府负责人批准, 可以延长十五日, 并应当将延长期限的理由告知申请人。

en-us	if it fails to do so on the expiration of the prescribed time limit, it shall be fined not less than RMB 10,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan.
zh-cn	逾期不补报的，处一万元以上五万元以下的罚款。

en-us	if it fails to rectify on the expiration of the prescribed time limit, its grade of qualifications shall be demoted or its qualification certificate shall be revoked.
zh-cn	逾期不改正的，降低资质等级或者吊销资质证书。

en-us	if it fails to rectify on the expiration of the prescribed time limit, the construction project may be demolished.
zh-cn	逾期不改正的，可以拆除。

en-us	if it fails to rectify, a fine of not less than RMB 10,000 yuan but not more than RMB 50,000 yuan shall be imposed.
zh-cn	拒不改正的，处一万元以上五万元以下的罚款:

en-us	if it fails to rectify, a fine of not less than RMB 200,000 yuan but not more than RMB 1,000,000 yuan shall be imposed, and a third party shall be entrusted to perform the rectification with costs and expenses borne by the person liable for soil contamination or the land use right holder;
zh-cn	拒不改正的，处二十万元以上一百万元以下的罚款，并委托他人代为履行，所需费用由土壤污染责任人或者土地使用权人承担；

en-us	if it is serious enough to constitute a crime, the violator shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the law.
zh-cn	构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

en-us	if laws and administrative regulations or the regulations of the State Council provide otherwise, the said provisions there shall prevail.
zh-cn	法律、行政法规或者国务院另有规定的，依照其规定。

en-us	if losses are caused to the lawful rights and interests of the latter, compensation shall be made according to law.
zh-cn	因修改给利害关系人合法权益造成损失的，应当依法给予补偿。

en-us	if losses are caused, it shall be liable for compensation according to law.
zh-cn	造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任。

en-us	if losses are caused, it shall be liable for compensation according to law:
zh-cn	造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任：

en-us	if measures for rectification can be adopted to eliminate the impact on the implementation of the plan, it shall be ordered to make rectification within a time limit and be fined not less than five percent but not more than ten percent the cost of the construction project;
zh-cn	尚可采取改正措施消除对规划实施的影响的，限期改正，处建设工程造价百分之五以上百分之十以下的罚款；

en-us	if mediation proves unsuccessful, the parties may bring a suit before a People's Court.
zh-cn	调解不成的, 当事人可以向人民法院提起诉讼。

en-us	if no agreement is reached within 30 days, the applicants shall settle the matter by drawing lots under the auspices of the Trademark Office, or the matter shall be determined by the Trademark Office.
zh-cn	超过三十天达不成协议的, 在商标局主持下, 由申请人抽签决定, 或者由商标局裁定。

en-us	if such mediation fails, the parties may bring a lawsuit in a People's Court.
zh-cn	调解不成的, 当事人可以向人民法院起诉。

en-us	if the activities are not serious enough for assuming criminal liabilities, they shall be given administrative punishments by the administrations for industry and commerce, and the foreign trade department of the State Council may suspend or even revoke their business licenses for foreign trade at the same time. .
zh-cn	尚不够刑事处罚的, 由工商行政管理机关依法给予行政处罚; 国务院外经贸主管部门并可以暂停直至撤销其对外贸易经营许可。

en-us	if the activities are not serious enough for assuming criminal liabilities, they shall be punished according to the relevant provisions of the Customs Law, and the foreign trade department of the State Council may revoke their business licenses for foreign trade at the same time. .
zh-cn	尚不够刑事处罚的, 依照海关法的有关规定处罚; 国务院外经贸主管部门并可以撤销其对外贸易经营许可。

en-us	if the activities are not serious enough for assuming criminal liabilities, they shall be punished according to the relevant provisions of the Customs Law, and the foreign trade department of the State Council may suspend or even revoke their business licenses for foreign trade at the same time. .
zh-cn	尚不够刑事处罚的, 依照海关法的有关规定处罚; 国务院外经贸主管部门并可以暂停直至撤销其对外贸易经营许可。

en-us	if the administrative license directly concerns public security, human health and safety of life and property, the applicant shall not re-apply for it within 3 years thereafter; if the licensee's violation has constituted any crime, he shall be subject to criminal liabilities in accordance with the law
zh-cn	取得的行政许可属于直接关系公共安全、人身健康、生命财产安全事项的, 申请人在三年内不得再次申请该行政许可; 构成犯罪的, 依法追究刑事责任。

en-us	if the applicant has not gone through all the necessary application procedures or the application form is not filled in as prescribed, the application shall be returned to the applicant, and the date of application shall not be maintained.
zh-cn	申请手续不齐备或者未按照规定填写申请书件的, 予以退回, 申请日期不予保留。

en-us	if the case against which the complaint or report is filed is serious enough to constitute a criminal offense, the judicial department shall investigate the criminal liability of the offender.
zh-cn	其所控告和检举的情节严重, 构成犯罪的, 由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。

en-us	if the case constitutes a crime, he shall be prosecuted for criminal liabilities in accordance with the law.
zh-cn	构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

en-us	if the case does not constitute a crime, they shall be given administrative sanctions.
zh-cn	不构成犯罪的，给予行政处分。

en-us	if the case is serious enough to constitute a crime, they shall be prohibited from engaging in the said businesses permanently.
zh-cn	构成犯罪的，终身禁止从事前款规定的业务。

en-us	if the case is serious, the competent department in charge of comprehensive administration of economic affairs of the people's government at or above the county level shall put forward suggestions and submit them to the people's government at the corresponding level, which shall in accordance with the limits of authority as prescribed by the State Council, order him to suspend business or close down.
zh-cn	情节严重的, 由县级以上人民政府经济综合主管部门提出意见, 报请同级人民政府按照国务院规定的权限责令停业、关闭。

en-us	if the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for shakeup, and its grade of qualifications shall be demoted or its qualification certificate revoked by the original issuing authority;
zh-cn	情节严重的，责令停业整顿，由原发证机关降低资质等级或者吊销资质证书；

en-us	if the circumstances are serious, its qualifications as a state-run trade enterprise or designated management enterprise may be suspended or even revoked by the foreign trade department of the State Council. .
zh-cn	情节严重的, 可以暂停直至取消其国营贸易企业或者指定经营企业资格。

en-us	if the circumstances are serious, the aforesaid authorities may refuse to accept the application submitted by the trade dealer in violation of laws for carrying out imports or exports of the goods subject to state trading within three years from the date the administrative sanction decision takes effect or may withdraw the granted authorization of import and export of goods subject to state trading.
zh-cn	情节严重的，可以自行政处罚决定生效之日起三年内，不受理违法行为人从事国营贸易管理货物进出口业务的申请，或者撤销已给予其从事其他国营贸易管理货物进出口的授权。

en-us	if the circumstances are serious, the offender may be fined not less than 5, 000 yuan but not more than 100, 000 yuan; if losses are caused, the offender shall bear civil liability in accordance with law; if the offence constitutes a crime, the offender shall be investigated for criminal liability in accordance with law:
zh-cn	情节严重的, 可以处五千元以上十万元以下的罚款; 造成损失的, 依法承担民事责任; 构成犯罪的, 依法追究刑事责任:

en-us	if the circumstances are serious, the person who is held directly responsible shall be given an administrative sanction by the organ at a higher level or by the unit to which he belongs.
zh-cn	情节严重的，由上级机关或者所在单位给予直接责任人员行政处分。

en-us	if the circumstances are serious, the said competent department shall put forward suggestions thereon and submit them to the people's government at the corresponding level, which shall, according to the limit of authority prescribed by the State Council, order the offender to suspend operation or close down.
zh-cn	情节严重的, 由县级以上人民政府经济综合主管部门提出意见, 报请同级人民政府按照国务院规定的权限责令停业、关闭。

en-us	if the definitive duty is lower than the provisional anti-dumping duty paid or payable, or the amount estimated for the purpose of the security, the difference shall be refunded or the duty recalculated, as the case may be.
zh-cn	低于已付或者应付的临时反倾销税或者为担保目的而估计的金额的, 差额部分应当根据具体情况予以退还或者重新计算税额。

en-us	if the illegal turnover is less than 50,000 yuan, the said Ministry shall impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 250,000 yuan;
zh-cn	违法经营额不足5万元的，处5万元以上25万元以下的罚款；

en-us	if the illegal turnover is less than 50,000 yuan, the said Ministry shall impose thereupon a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 250,000 yuan;
zh-cn	违法经营额不足5万元的，处5万元以上25万元以下的罚款；

en-us	if the labor remuneration is lower than the local minimum wage rate, it shall pay the difference.
zh-cn	劳动报酬低于当地最低工资标准的，应当支付其差额部分；

en-us	if the modification involves the compulsory items in the overall plan of a city or town, a special report shall be submitted to the original examination and approval authority before making plans for modification upon its consent.
zh-cn	修改涉及城市总体规划、镇总体规划强制性内容的，应当先向原审批机关提出专题报告，经同意后，方可编制修改方案。

en-us	if the offense is of a minor nature and does not constitute a crime, administrative sanctions shall be imposed upon them in accordance with law.
zh-cn	情节轻微不构成犯罪的, 依法给予行政处分。

en-us	if the party believes that the person has a direct interest in the current case, he shall have the right to apply for the person's withdrawal;
zh-cn	当事人认为主持人与本案有直接利害关系的, 有权申请回避;

en-us	if the party, upon expiration of the period, neither brings a suit nor complies with the decision, the organ which made the decision on the penalty shall apply to the People's Court for enforcement.
zh-cn	期满不起诉又不履行的, 由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。

en-us	if the person has designated an agent to receive it for him, then the written decision shall be delivered to the agent for a signed receipt;
zh-cn	本人已向复议机关指定代收人的, 交代收人签收;

en-us	if the person is a legal person or other organization, the written decision shall be delivered to its reception office for a signed receipt.
zh-cn	受送达人是法人或者其他组织的, 交其收发部门签收。

en-us	if the recipient is absent, it shall be delivered to an adult family member living with him/her, or to the unit to which he/she belongs, for a signed receipt;
zh-cn	本人不在的, 交其同住的成年家属或者所在单位签收;

en-us	if the term is more than one year but less than three years, the probation period may not exceed two months;
zh-cn	劳动合同期限一年以上不满三年的，试用期不得超过二个月；

en-us	if the trademark registrant refuses to comply, the administrative department for industry and commerce of the place where the trademark registrant is located shall request the Trademark Office to revoke its registered trademark.
zh-cn	拒不改正的, 由商标注册人所在地工商行政管理机关报请商标局撤销其注册商标。

en-us	if the violation is serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
zh-cn	情节严重构成犯罪的, 依法追究刑事责任。

en-us	if the violation is serious, the competent department for comprehensive economic and trade affairs of the people's government at or above the county level shall submit a proposal to the people's government at the same level that it, within the limits of its power authorized by the State Council, order the unit to suspend operation or to close down.
zh-cn	情节严重的, 由县级以上人民政府经济综合主管部门提出意见, 报请同级人民政府按照国务院规定的权限责令停业、关闭。

en-us	if the violation is serious, the said department shall submit a proposal to the people's government at the corresponding level for ordering, within the limits of its power granted by the State Council, the violator to suspend operation or close down.
zh-cn	情节严重的, 由县级以上人民政府经济综合主管部门提出意见, 报请同级人民政府按照国务院规定的权限责令停业、关闭。

en-us	if there is a refusal to correct the situation, a fine of not more than RMB 0, 000 shall be imposed and the matter may be reported to the Trademark Office for the revocation of the registered trademark in question.
zh-cn	拒不改正的, 处以一万元以下的罚款, 直至报请商标局撤销该注册商标。

en-us	if there was no good drainage system, discharged water from the mountains would be easy to wash away the buildings in the tombs and mausoleums.
zh-cn	如果没有完好的排水系统，山水下泄时极易冲毁陵寝、园寝内建筑，

en-us	if within the specified period of time, construction for such installations and sites has not been completed or they have not conformed to the standards of environmental protection after renovation, the unit shall continue to pay the pollution discharge fee until such installations and sites are built or conform to the standards for environmental protection after renovation.
zh-cn	在限期内未建成或者经改造仍不符合环境保护标准的, 继续缴纳排污费, 直至建成或者经改造符合环境保护标准为止。

en-us	ii) Role and Work of the Quality Assurance Task Force
zh-cn	ii）质量保证工作组（QATF）的作用和工作

en-us	ii. Bid Estimates.
zh-cn	ii．投标估算。

en-us	iii) Status of this Guide
zh-cn	iii）本指南的地位

en-us	iii. Control Estimates.
zh-cn	iii．控制性估算。

en-us	immediately shows up the importance of people who are not in line of authority, either upward or downward, from and to the individual executive. It underlines what is the reality of a knowledge organization: The effective work is actually done in and by teams of people of diverse knowledges and skills.
zh-cn	这种认识，正是一个知识型组织的现实：在一个知识型组织中，主要有赖于知识不同和技术不同的专业人员组成的团队，工作才能有效。

en-us	important but it is also resource efficient. Construction automation, better equipment, new processes, and new techniques will be employed to perform quality work with fewer workers.
zh-cn	建筑的自动化，更尖端的设备，新的进程和新技术将会投入到运行的工作当中，而所需工作人员的数量则会相对减少。

en-us	in 1954, the People's Government of Beijing Municipality determined to widen the Beihai Great Bridge in the middle of the road to the north or south.
zh-cn	1954年，北京市人民政府决定，在道路中间的北海大桥向北或向南拓宽，

en-us	in 1985, 1,000 tons of large pieces out of the limit passed through this bridge in four times with 250 tons once.
zh-cn	1985年，又有1000吨超限大件，分四次，每次250吨通过卢沟桥。

en-us	in case an application is rejected, the Trademark Office shall issue to the applicant a Notice of Rejection.
zh-cn	驳回申请的, 发给申请人《驳回通知书》。

en-us	in case of any inconsistency with the laws, regulations or relevant standards, the said departments shall, based on the monitoring results, require the unit that operates the centralized sewage treatment facilities or solid waste disposal facilities to take corresponding improvement measures.
zh-cn	对不符合法律法规和相关标准要求的，应当根据监测结果，要求污水集中处理设施、固体废物处置设施运营单位采取相应改进措施。

en-us	in case the postmark is unclear or in the absence of a postmark, the date 20 days after the papers are sent out by the Trademark Office or 20 days before the receipt of the papers by the Trademark Office shall be taken as the date the papers are received or sent out by the party concerned.
zh-cn	邮戳不清或者没有邮戳的, 以商标局发文后二十天或者收文前二十天分别作为当事人收到或者发出的日期。

en-us	in cases of failure to make the addition or correction or to do so within the time limit, the application shall be returned to the applicant, and the date of application shall not be maintained.
zh-cn	未作补正或者超过期限补正的, 予以退回, 申请日期不予保留。

en-us	in municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities divided into districts, one or more labor-dispute arbitration commissions may also be established.
zh-cn	直辖市、设区的市也可以设立一个或者若干个劳动争议仲裁委员会。

en-us	in northern cities the street scene is often enlivened by gaily painted timber ones.
zh-cn	北方城镇的街道常有华丽的木牌楼。〔6〕桥梁

en-us	in serious cases, it shall be prohibited from engaging in the said businesses, and punished by a fine of not less than RMB 500,000 yuan but not more than RMB 1,000,000 yuan.
zh-cn	情节严重的，禁止从事上述业务，并处五十万元以上一百万元以下的罚款；

en-us	in serious cases, it shall order a self-criticism by that party, circulate a notice on the matter, and impose a fine of not more than 20% of the sum of illegal business transactions or not more than three times the illegally obtained profit;
zh-cn	情节严重的, 责令检讨, 予以通报, 并处以非法经营额20%以下或者非法获利两倍以下的罚款;

en-us	in serious cases, the fine shall be not less than RMB 50,000 yuan but not more than RMB 500,000 yuan.
zh-cn	情节严重的，处五万元以上五十万元以下的罚款。

en-us	in serious cases, the fine shall be not less than RMB 500,000 yuan but not more than RMB 1,000,000 yuan.
zh-cn	情节严重的，处五十万元以上一百万元以下的罚款；

en-us	in serious cases, the fine shall be not less than RMB500,000 yuan but not more than RMB 2,000,000 yuan, and the case could be handed over to public security authorities, where the persons directly in charge and other directly responsible persons could be held in custody for more than 5 days but less than 15 days.
zh-cn	情节严重的，处五十万元以上二百万元以下的罚款，并可以将案件移送公安机关，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处五日以上十五日以下的拘留；

en-us	in serious cases, they shall be prohibited from engaging in the said businesses for ten years;
zh-cn	情节严重的，十年内禁止从事前款规定的业务；

en-us	in the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1900), the Eight-Power Allied Forces repeated the old backs of the Anglo-French Allied Forces.
zh-cn	光绪二十六年（1900年），八国联军再次入侵。

en-us	in the Yuan Dynasty, it was Feifangbo.
zh-cn	元代为飞放泊，

en-us	in the case of severe damage, the penalty shall be 30% of the direct loss, but not exceeding 500, 000 yuan. Leading members who are directly in charge and other persons who are directly responsible for the accident shall be subject to administrative punishment by the unit to which they belong or by the competent government department.
zh-cn	造成重大损失的, 按照直接损失的百分之三十计算罚款, 但是最高不超过五十万元; 对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员, 由其所在单位或者政府主管机关给予行政处分。

en-us	in the northwest is Zongshi Mansion.
zh-cn	在其西北，建有宗师府。

en-us	in the platform center is Tacha which has three types of shape: sun and moon-shaped, pearl-shaped and tall metal-shaped.
zh-cn	平台正中是塔刹，塔刹的造型分为日月形、宝珠形和金属高刹形三种，

en-us	in vogue about 2,000 years ago, among nations whose climate, religion, government and manners were totally dissimilar to our own...
zh-cn	大约2000年前，这些国家的气候、宗教、政府和礼节与我们国家完全不同……

en-us	in which circular arch and three-centered arch are seldom found in other regions of China.
zh-cn	其中的圆弧形拱券和三心圆弧形拱券在全国其他地区较为少见。

en-us	in which we have introduced the notations σallow and σy for the allowable and yield stresses, respectively.
zh-cn	或者式（4A-2）引出了σallow 和σy，分别表示允许应力和屈服应力。

en-us	in-motion viewing
zh-cn	动观

en-us	in-situ viewing
zh-cn	静观

en-us	inscribed board/couplet
zh-cn	匾对

en-us	inscribed name board
zh-cn	匾额

en-us	inside the niches are usually engraving statues or carved Buddhist stories.
zh-cn	其内雕佛像居多，也有雕刻佛教故事等图案造型的。

en-us	inspection of the equipment
zh-cn	设备检验土建工程

en-us	insulation of the exterior walls against the heat and the cold."
zh-cn	外墙做保温以抵御寒热”。

en-us	introducing the brief history of development, categories, practical functionalities and architectural art.
zh-cn	介绍北京古桥发展简史、种类与实用性质及建筑艺术。

en-us	introducing the development overview, distribution, structure, categories, construction materials and architectural technology.
zh-cn	介绍北京古塔的发展概况、分布、构造组成、种类及建筑材料和建筑技术。

en-us	is "It will take care of itself," one does not interfere. Nor does one interfere if the condition, while annoying, is of no importance and unlikely to make any difference anyhow.
zh-cn	即使问题颇为恼人，但问题并不重要，也不致有什么严重后果，我们也没有改变的必要。

en-us	is a rare precious relics of the Liao Pagodas,
zh-cn	是辽代佛塔中不可多得的珍贵文物，

en-us	is from a description in Curiosités esthétiques (p. 390).
zh-cn	波德莱尔在《审美好奇》（第390页）中有这样的描写。

en-us	isn't it strange how distance can strengthen bonds."
zh-cn	距离能增强我们联系的纽带，这不是很奇怪吗。”

en-us	it also has a small coffin made of stone, gold, silver or jade.
zh-cn	也有用石质或金银、玉翠制作的小型棺椁。

en-us	it is 20% lower than the limits, which is scored 6 points;
zh-cn	低于20%，得6分；

en-us	it is 20% lower, which is scored 10 points.
zh-cn	降低20%，得10分。

en-us	it is a structure of particular interest (Figure 13).
zh-cn	从此薄伽教藏彻底脱离上寺，开始以下寺而知名；

en-us	it is applied in three stages, which is scored 15 points.
zh-cn	三个阶段应用，得15分。

en-us	it is applied in two stages, which is scored10 points;
zh-cn	两个阶段应用，得10分；

en-us	it is born".
zh-cn	它诞生了。”

en-us	it is improved up to 10%, which is scored 10 points;
zh-cn	达到10%，得10分；

en-us	it is improved up to 15%, which is scored 15 points.
zh-cn	达到15%，得15分。

en-us	it is not less than 40%, which is scored 5 points.
zh-cn	不低于40%，得5分。

en-us	it is not less than 50%, which is scored 5 points.
zh-cn	不低于50%，得5分；

en-us	it is not less than 50%, which is scored 8 points;
zh-cn	不低于50%，得8分；

en-us	it is not less than 60%, which is scored 5 points;
zh-cn	不低于60%，得5分；

en-us	it is not less than 70%, which is scored 12 points.
zh-cn	不低于70%，得12分。

en-us	it is reduced up to 10%, which is scored 10 points;
zh-cn	降低10%，得10分；

en-us	it is reduced up to 15%, which is scored 15 points.
zh-cn	降低15%，得15分。

en-us	it is vital that these be reinforced immediately with vertical studs", and further on, regarding the large frame of the living room: "it is essential that this window be operated by a mechanical system.
zh-cn	，立刻用竖向铆钉加固它们是至关重要的”。进一步地，关于起居室的大型窗框：“这面窗户能够用一套机械系统进行操作，是非常重要的。

en-us	it reaches 50% for residential buildings and 20% for public buildings, which is scored 3 points;
zh-cn	住宅建筑达到50%，公共建筑达到20%，得3分；

en-us	it reaches 50%, which is scored 10 points.
zh-cn	达到50%，得10分。

en-us	it reaches 60%, which is scored 5 points;
zh-cn	达到60%，得5分；

en-us	it reaches 70%, which is scored 10 points.
zh-cn	达到70%，得10分。

en-us	it reaches 70%, which is scored 4 points;
zh-cn	达到70%，得4分；

en-us	it reaches more than three types, which is scored 8 points.
zh-cn	达到3种以上，得8分。

en-us	it reaches three types, which is scored 5 points;
zh-cn	达到3种，得5分；

en-us	it seems crucial to me that the road be surfaced (...)
zh-cn	在我看来铺砌道路至关重要……

en-us	it seizes hold of the whole wall and gives it an extra quality, be it the power of blood, the freshness of the prairie, the brightness of sunlight or the depth of the sea and the sky.
zh-cn	它占据着整面墙壁，并赋予墙壁额外的品性，譬如血液的力量、草原的生机、阳光的灿烂，或者海洋的深䆳、天空的离远。

en-us	it was impossible to reserve site in advance for Buddha pagoda.
zh-cn	不可能为建佛塔而预先留出位置。

en-us	it will be asked, are we in the habit of doing so? Even so; always and everywhere.
zh-cn	有人会问，我们习惯于这么做吗？

en-us	its appearance is wooden like structure, simple and vigorous.
zh-cn	外观完全为仿木结构形式，古朴苍劲。

en-us	its destruction at every dynastic change became almost a matter of course.
zh-cn	每逢改朝换代，它似乎理所当然地要遭受灭顶之灾。

en-us	its internal spatial structure has several forms: corridor-style, mandrel type and so on.
zh-cn	其内部空间结构种类很多，主要形式有：壁内折上式、回廊式、穿心式、穿壁式、塔心柱式等多种形式。

en-us	its lower part has a similar structure with that of pavilion-style pagoda or dense-eaves pagoda,
zh-cn	塔的下半部分与密檐式塔或者楼阁式塔塔座结构基本相同，

en-us	its plane is generally square, hexagonal, octagonal or circular and other types.
zh-cn	建筑平面一般为四角形、六角形、八角形或圆形等几种类型。

en-us	its site is the current location of the Tianning pagoda.
zh-cn	其旧址就是今天宁寺塔的位置。

en-us	its upper part is profusely embellished with stupas, elephants and lions in high relief.
zh-cn	砖结构的表面装饰以灰泥。一个汉代的三层楼陶制明器

en-us	its upper part likes bamboo.
zh-cn	上部呈笋状。

en-us	j) Recognition
zh-cn	j）褒奖

en-us	k) Team Work
zh-cn	k）小组工作

en-us	l) Measured Quality Assurance
zh-cn	I）衡量质量保证

en-us	laid with gray brick and paved with white marble.
zh-cn	桥体用青砖砌筑，桥面采用白色的汉白玉铺装。

en-us	land boat
zh-cn	舫

en-us	later they became smaller and smaller and more complicated.
zh-cn	后来斗拱变得小而复杂。

en-us	latticed screen
zh-cn	罩

en-us	latticed wall
zh-cn	花墙

en-us	latticed window
zh-cn	漏窗

en-us	le for his image to have retained its primitivity. Consequently, it could not be the tool required for our research on the subject of the primitivity of images of being.
zh-cn	因而，巴门尼德的"球体"实在经历太多沧桑，使得它的形象不再停留在其原始性中，因此它不再能作为一个恰当的工具帮助我们关于存在形象的原始性的研究。

en-us	le in their hard consistency. Indeed, the principle of solidification is so powerful, the conquest of hardness is carried so far, that the shell achieves its enamel-like beauty as though it had been helped by fire.
zh-cn	并且，这种坚固化的原则是那么重要，对坚硬的追求那么锲而不舍，使得贝壳赢得了美丽的珐琅质，就好像它受到了火的帮助一样。

en-us	le of a controversial metaphor, giving orders and passing judgment, always in the same way.
zh-cn	它发号施令，它做出判断，并且总是以同样的方式做出判断。

en-us	lenders need to have some confidence in the funds being available to repay borrowings, whether that is provided by a contract for the offtake of a project?
zh-cn	因此贷方需要对可获得的资金有信心， 不管它是由可靠的购买者购置大量的货物所获得的，

en-us	les. At times we think we know ourselves in time, when all we know is a sequence of fixations in the spaces of the being's stability-a being who does not want to melt away, and who, even in the past, when he sets out in search of things past, wants time to "suspend" its flight.
zh-cn	人们有时以为能在时间中认识自己，然而人们认识的只是在安稳的存在所处的空间中的一系列定格，这个存在不愿意流逝，当他出发寻找逝去的时光时，他想要在这段过去中"悬置"时间的飞逝。

en-us	let it be understood that the Villa Savoye is falling apart before our very eyes; doors and windows have been stolen and kids have smashed all the panes of glass".
zh-cn	我们可以想像，萨伏伊别墅正在我们的眼前支离破碎：门窗被盗，小孩打碎了所有的窗户玻璃。”

en-us	lets; but it only furnishes the more plain instance of the danger of the fallacious system which, from the beginning, repressed the German, and, in the end, ruined the French Gothic.
zh-cn	这个错误体系起初在德国压制哥特式建筑的发展，最终毁灭了法国的哥特式建筑。

en-us	letterhead, Weissman contacted the American architect W. Harrison, who had worked on the U.N.
zh-cn	另一个有力的支援是来自埃内斯特•魏斯曼，魏斯曼用印有联合国抬头的信笺联系类国建筑师W•哈里森，哈里森在纽约的联合国大楼工作。

en-us	lide, a new comedy-ballet by Molière with music by Jean-Baptiste Lully, tournament jousting, dancing, pageants, firework displays and sumptuous, candle-lit banquets.
zh-cn	lide），还举办了马上比武、舞会、露天表演、烟火表演以及奢华的烛光晚宴。

en-us	lieux de mémoire
zh-cn	记忆之场

en-us	lighting and power points (as well as) central heating".
zh-cn	采光和动力系统（和）中央供暖”。

en-us	like a rainbow flying over the deep gullies, such as the Main Gate Bridge of the Tanzhe Monastery, the stone bridge and Wanshan Bridge in the Biyun Monastery.
zh-cn	有些桥梁高耸，犹如彩虹飞架深沟之上，例如潭柘寺山门桥和碧云寺山门殿石桥以及万善桥等。

en-us	lion heads were firmly put against the outside of the balustrades, making balustrades more solid.
zh-cn	狮头紧紧抵住护栏最外侧的望柱，使护栏更显稳固。

en-us	local Lake Tai rock
zh-cn	土太湖

en-us	loggia; roofed corridor/walkway
zh-cn	廊

en-us	looking down nave, Amiens Cathedral. McCoy Wynne/Alamy Stock Photo.
zh-cn	图3-21 亚眠大教堂内部：站在十字交叉处向上看

en-us	m) Tools and Techniques
zh-cn	m）工具和技术

en-us	m). Interestingly, its turf predecessor was also significantly larger than all other known milecastles on the Turf Wall, and clearly the location was significant and felt to require a larger than normal presence.
zh-cn	有趣的是，这座里堡以草泥建造时就已明显大过草泥城墙段的其他已知里堡，且所处的地理位置显然十分重要，以至于有必要建造一座大于常规规模的堡垒。

en-us	m). The largest of all is the stone version that replaced the original turf Milecastle 52 and covers some 6,932 square feet (644 sq.
zh-cn	最大的要数52号里堡，初以草泥建造，后以石料重建，占地约6932平方英尺（644平方米）。

en-us	made of 31 white marbles, 23.8 meters long and 2.4 meters high.
zh-cn	图长23.8米，高2.4米，由31块汉白玉高浮雕组成。

en-us	magnificent and splendid.
zh-cn	金碧辉煌，蔚为壮观。

en-us	main beam
zh-cn	大木梁架

en-us	maintenance of high ethical and professional standards;
zh-cn	维护高的道德和职业标准；

en-us	maison! (Long did I build you, oh house!)
zh-cn	很久以前我建造了你，哦，家宅！

en-us	make automobile accidents disappear, for instance -
zh-cn	例如是否能消除车祸？

en-us	making a total of 201.5 drachmas
zh-cn	总计 201.5德拉克马

en-us	making a total of 343 drachmas
zh-cn	总计 343德拉克马

en-us	manganese 0.3%~0.8% sulphur and phosphorus 0.045%
zh-cn	锰 0.3％～0.8％

en-us	manner at a reasonable cost⑸. As a further step to simplify field assembly, an entire wall panel including plumbing and wiring or even an entire room may be prefabricated and shipped to the site'".
zh-cn	作为进一步使得现场装配简单化的方法是，整个一面墙包括管道和配线，甚至整个房间都可以预制，并且运送到现场。

en-us	manner at a reasonable cost⑸. As a further step to simplify field assembly, an entire wall panel including plumbing and wiring or even an entire room may be prefabricated and shipped to the site'".
zh-cn	工程的任何部分如果达不到业主的要求，并且承包商拒绝采取补救措施， 委托人将要求担保人纠正其过失行为。

en-us	mannerism: The period (1520–60) between the Renaissance and the Baroque, when architects such as Michelangelo and Giulio Romano pushed the boundaries of classicism, often in an unharmonious, exaggerated direction.
zh-cn	风格主义（Mannerism）：在文艺复兴和巴洛克之间的时期（1520—1560），当时像米开朗基罗和朱利奥•罗马诺这样的建筑师把古典主义的界限推向了一个不和谐、夸张的方向。

en-us	many of which are ancient stone beam bridges and are still in use.
zh-cn	其中有不少古代石梁桥至今仍在继续使用。

en-us	maquette: A scale model.
zh-cn	初步设计的模型（maquette）：一种尺度模型。

en-us	marks an extremely important step in the approach to a new architecture.
zh-cn	在探索新的体系结构的过程中标志了极端重要的一步。

en-us	me. (In search of its soul.)
zh-cn	寻找自己的灵魂。